تاثیر پیش تیمار اسپرمیدین و پلی‌اتیلن گلیکول بر جوانه‌زنی و برخی فعالیت‌های فیزیولوژی و مرفولوژی در گیاه گندم دروم (Triticum durum)
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
1 - گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تنکابن، تنکابن، ایران
کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, گندم دوروم, پلی‌اتیلن گلیکول, اسپرمیدین, فاکتورهای فیزیولوژی,
چکیده مقاله :
به‌منظور بررسی تاثیر پیش تیمار اسپرمیدین و پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول بر روی جوانه‌زنی و برخی از شاخص‌های فیزیولوژی و مورفولوژی در گیاه گندم تحت تنش خشکی، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 20 تیمار و سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل پنج سطح اسپرمیدین (0، 02/0 ، 05/0، 1/0و 15/0 میلی‌مولار) و چهار سطح پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول (0، 2-، 4- و 5- بار) بودند. نتایج آزمایشات نشان داد که کاربرد اسپرمیدین باعث افزایش وزن نسبی برگ، سطح برگ، کلروفیل ،کربوهیدرات و فنل کل گردید. در این مطالعه با افزایش سطح اسپرمیدین از میزان کاروتنوئیدها و ظرفیت انتی اکسیدانی برگ کاسته شد. همچنین بر روی جوانه زنی به لحاظ آماری اثر معنی داری نداشت. تنش خشکی که با پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. باعث افزایش ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، فنل کل وکربوهیدرات گردید. نتایج نشان داد که افرایش سطح پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول منجر به کاهش جوانه‌زنی برگ شد. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج فوق بکارگیری اسپرمیدین و پلی اتیلن گلیکول بعنوان پیش تیمار بذر می تواند در شرایط تنش برروی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی ومورفولوژیکی تاثیر قابل توجهی داشته باشد و توان گیاه را در شرایط تنش افزایش دهد.
In order to effect of spermidine and polyethylene glycol pretreatment on germination and some physiological and morphological activity durum wheat under salinity stress a experiment with 20 treatments, three replications was conducted in 60 experimental units. Treatments included five levels of spermidine (0/ 02,0/ 05,0/ 1 and 0/15 mM) and four levels of polyethylene glycol (0- 2,- 4 and -5 bar). The results showed that the use of spermidine increased the relative weight contact of leaf (RWC), leaf area ratio, chlorophyll s and phenolic compounds . In this study, carotenoids content and leaf antioxidant activity decreased with increasing spermidine level and also had no statistically significant effect on germination. With increase of polyetylen glycol antioxidant activity, carbohydrates and total phenolics increased but decreased germination. Therefore, according to the above results, application of spermidine and polyethylene glycol as seed pre-treatments can have significant effects on physiological and morphological activities in stress conditions and increase plant potency under stress conditions.
Agastien, P., Kingsley, S.J. and Vivekanondon, M .(2000). Effect of salinity on photosynthesis andbiochemical characteristics in mulberry genotypes. Photosynthetica, 38:287-29.
Aghdasi, M., Fatemi, M. and Asadirekabdarkolaie, A. (2019). Effect of growth on and on Echinacea purpurea (Echinacea purpurea) endemic parameters. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 53 :1-15 .
Ahmadvand, M. ( 2011). Surveying the area under cultivation, production and support policies of wheat during the first to fourth development plans. Journal of Economic Research and Policies, 53(53): 57-56.
Anjum, A. (2011). Effect of exogenously applied spermidin on growgh and physiology of citrus root stook troyer citrang under salin condition. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 35:43-53.
Anonymous.( 2005). The state of the world's genetic resources for food agriculture F.A.O.Rome . Italy.
Arzani, A. (2004). Breeding Field Erops.Ispahan university of Technology publications.pp.606.
Ashraf, M., Zafar, Z. U. and cheema, Z. (2005). Effect of low potassium regimes on some salt and drough tolerant lines of pearl millet. Phyton. 34: 219-227.
Chattopadhayay, M.K., Tiwari, B.S., Chattopadhyay, G., Bose, A., Sengupta, D.N. and Ghosh, B. (2002). Protective role of exogenous polyamineson salinity-stressed rice (Oryza sativa) plants. Physiology Plant, 116: 192-199.
DolatAbadan, A. and Etemadi, S. (2007). Effect of acetic acid pretreatment on wheat seed germination under salinity stress conditions. Journal of Experimental Biology, 21(4):692-702.
Farjadi Shakib, M., Naderi, R., and Mashhadi, M. ( 2013). Effect of spermidine foliar application on morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of Iranian cyclamen. Journal of Plant EchoPhysiology. 13: 96-113.
Farooq, M., Barsa, S., Warraich, E. and Khaliq, A. (2006). Optimization of hydro priming techniques for rice seed invigoration. Jounal of Seed Science Technology. 34:529-534.
Fattahi Moghadam, J., Hamidoghli, Y., Fotouhi Ghazvini, R., Ghasemnejad, M. and Bakhshi, D.)2012(. Determination of suitable harvesting time based on fruit bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in some citrus cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 12(4): 355-368.
Ghanbari, M., Tafazeli, A.S. and honoraries, A.S. (2013). Influence of spermidine foliar application on carotenoid and some growth factors of bell pepper under salt stress. First National Conference on Sustainable Medicinal Plants and Agriculture. Hamedan
Ghorbanli, M., Sadeghi, M. and Niakan, M. (2013). Effects of spermidine, salinity stress on germination percentage, growth parameters, osmotic regulators, sodium content and chlorine content of wheat grain. Journal of Plant Science Research, 6(1):78-89.
Hajiboland, R. and Ebrahimi, N. ( 2013). Influence of mild salinity and application of polyamines on growth, photosynthesis and metabolism of phenols in sugar beet. Journal of Plant Research. 26(3): 290-300.
Huiguo, D., Shu, Y., Wenjuan, L., Dehui, X.,Donghong, Q., Houguo, I. and Honghui, L. (2010). Effect of exogenous spermidine on photosystem II of wheat seedling under water stress. Journal Integrative plant Biology, 45(8): 920-927.
Iqbal, N., Ashraf, M.Y., Farrukh, J., Vicente, M. and Kafeel, A. (2006). Nitrate reduction and nutrientaccumulation in wheat grown in soil salinized withfour different salts. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 29: 409-415.
Jafarnejad, A. and Taheri, A.H. (2009). Drought tolerance study of four wheat genotypes at germination stage. Journal of Environmental Stress in Agricultural Sciences. 2(1):73-85.
Khakshour Moghaddam, Z., Lahouti, M. and Ganjali, AS. ( 2011). Investigation of the effects of drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol on germination and morphological characteristics of dandelion, Journal of Horticultural Science, 25(2):185-193..
Lawlor, D.W, and Cornic, G. (2002). Photosynthtic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higer plant. Cell and Enviroment, 25:275-249.
Lichtenthaler H.K. and Wellburn A.R. (1985). Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions. 11: 591-592.
Liu, I.H., Nada, K., Hond, C., Kitashba, H. and Wen, X.P.(2006). Polyamine biosynthesis of apple cullus under salt stress: important of arginine decarboxylase pathway response. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57:2589-2599.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. S., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193: 265-75
Macdonald, I.O., Oludare, A.S. and Olabiyi, A. (2001). Phytotoxic and anti- microbial activities of flavonoids in Ocimum gratissimum. Life Science. 7: 45–48
Michalak, A. (2006). Phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in plant growing under heavy metal strss. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15(4): 523-530.
Mirshakari, B. ( 2011). Crop Production Sciences. Translation. Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Publications.707.
Movahed, N., Eshghi, S. and tafazoli, E. (2012).Effects of polyamins on vegetative characteristic, flowering and yield of strawberry.Acta Horticulture. 926: Lisbon. Portugal.
Namvar, A., Hadi, H. and Seyedsharifi, R. (2017). The role of external sources of plant protection in modulating the destructive effects of non-biological stresses. Journal of Ecophysiology. 48:103-128.
Noohpisheh, Z. and Manuchehri kalantari, KH. (2011). Effects of Spermidine Interaction and Salinity Stress on Pepper. Iranian Journal of Biology, 24(6):848-857.
Saeedi, M., Ahmadi, A. and Tulki, A. (2011). Effect of Post-Pollination Drought Stress on the Content of Polyamines in Bread Wheat Alloy, Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 13(3): 481-494.
Safahani, A. and Shahriari, Gh. (2016). This article discusses methods for improving human growth and development (Hordeum vulgare) under salinity stress. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 44:44-5.
Sharifi, M. and Zuei, F. ( 2009). Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Isfahan University publishers.215-220.
Sharma, D.K., Dubey, A.K., Srivastav, M., Singh, A.K., Sairam, R.K., Pandey, R.N., Dahuja, A. and Kaur, C.(2011). Effect of putrescine and paclobutrazol on growth, physiochemical parameters, and nutrient acquisition of salt-sensitive citrus rootstock Karna khatta (Citrus karna Raf.) under NaCl Stress. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 30:301-311.
Sheikhzadeh Mossadegh, Q, Khorram Dell, Q,. Heidary. M., Ismail Pour, B. and spring, Q. (2014). Effect of time and different concentrations of spermimidine seed pretreatment on germination indices, Bastani cultivar. Third National Congress of Organic and Conventional Agriculture.
Somongy, N .(1952). Noteon sugar determination. Journal of Biological Chemistry.195:19-29.
Verma, S. and Mishra, S.N. (2005). Putrescinealleviation of growth in salt stressed Brasssica Junceaby inducing antioxidative defense system. Journal Plant Physiology, 162(6):669-677.
Zare, M., Bagheri, A. and Bahrami, A. (2012). Effect of drought stress on photosynthetic properties, phenolic compounds and inhibitory capacity of active radicals of different chickpea genotypes. Journal of Greenhouse Cultivation Science and Technology, 3(12): 59-77.
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Agastien, P., Kingsley, S.J. and Vivekanondon, M .(2000). Effect of salinity on photosynthesis andbiochemical characteristics in mulberry genotypes. Photosynthetica, 38:287-29.
Aghdasi, M., Fatemi, M. and Asadirekabdarkolaie, A. (2019). Effect of growth on and on Echinacea purpurea (Echinacea purpurea) endemic parameters. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 53 :1-15 .
Ahmadvand, M. ( 2011). Surveying the area under cultivation, production and support policies of wheat during the first to fourth development plans. Journal of Economic Research and Policies, 53(53): 57-56.
Anjum, A. (2011). Effect of exogenously applied spermidin on growgh and physiology of citrus root stook troyer citrang under salin condition. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 35:43-53.
Anonymous.( 2005). The state of the world's genetic resources for food agriculture F.A.O.Rome . Italy.
Arzani, A. (2004). Breeding Field Erops.Ispahan university of Technology publications.pp.606.
Ashraf, M., Zafar, Z. U. and cheema, Z. (2005). Effect of low potassium regimes on some salt and drough tolerant lines of pearl millet. Phyton. 34: 219-227.
Chattopadhayay, M.K., Tiwari, B.S., Chattopadhyay, G., Bose, A., Sengupta, D.N. and Ghosh, B. (2002). Protective role of exogenous polyamineson salinity-stressed rice (Oryza sativa) plants. Physiology Plant, 116: 192-199.
DolatAbadan, A. and Etemadi, S. (2007). Effect of acetic acid pretreatment on wheat seed germination under salinity stress conditions. Journal of Experimental Biology, 21(4):692-702.
Farjadi Shakib, M., Naderi, R., and Mashhadi, M. ( 2013). Effect of spermidine foliar application on morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of Iranian cyclamen. Journal of Plant EchoPhysiology. 13: 96-113.
Farooq, M., Barsa, S., Warraich, E. and Khaliq, A. (2006). Optimization of hydro priming techniques for rice seed invigoration. Jounal of Seed Science Technology. 34:529-534.
Fattahi Moghadam, J., Hamidoghli, Y., Fotouhi Ghazvini, R., Ghasemnejad, M. and Bakhshi, D.)2012(. Determination of suitable harvesting time based on fruit bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in some citrus cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 12(4): 355-368.
Ghanbari, M., Tafazeli, A.S. and honoraries, A.S. (2013). Influence of spermidine foliar application on carotenoid and some growth factors of bell pepper under salt stress. First National Conference on Sustainable Medicinal Plants and Agriculture. Hamedan
Ghorbanli, M., Sadeghi, M. and Niakan, M. (2013). Effects of spermidine, salinity stress on germination percentage, growth parameters, osmotic regulators, sodium content and chlorine content of wheat grain. Journal of Plant Science Research, 6(1):78-89.
Hajiboland, R. and Ebrahimi, N. ( 2013). Influence of mild salinity and application of polyamines on growth, photosynthesis and metabolism of phenols in sugar beet. Journal of Plant Research. 26(3): 290-300.
Huiguo, D., Shu, Y., Wenjuan, L., Dehui, X.,Donghong, Q., Houguo, I. and Honghui, L. (2010). Effect of exogenous spermidine on photosystem II of wheat seedling under water stress. Journal Integrative plant Biology, 45(8): 920-927.
Iqbal, N., Ashraf, M.Y., Farrukh, J., Vicente, M. and Kafeel, A. (2006). Nitrate reduction and nutrientaccumulation in wheat grown in soil salinized withfour different salts. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 29: 409-415.
Jafarnejad, A. and Taheri, A.H. (2009). Drought tolerance study of four wheat genotypes at germination stage. Journal of Environmental Stress in Agricultural Sciences. 2(1):73-85.
Khakshour Moghaddam, Z., Lahouti, M. and Ganjali, AS. ( 2011). Investigation of the effects of drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol on germination and morphological characteristics of dandelion, Journal of Horticultural Science, 25(2):185-193..
Lawlor, D.W, and Cornic, G. (2002). Photosynthtic carbon assimilation and associated metabolism in relation to water deficits in higer plant. Cell and Enviroment, 25:275-249.
Lichtenthaler H.K. and Wellburn A.R. (1985). Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions. 11: 591-592.
Liu, I.H., Nada, K., Hond, C., Kitashba, H. and Wen, X.P.(2006). Polyamine biosynthesis of apple cullus under salt stress: important of arginine decarboxylase pathway response. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57:2589-2599.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. S., Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193: 265-75
Macdonald, I.O., Oludare, A.S. and Olabiyi, A. (2001). Phytotoxic and anti- microbial activities of flavonoids in Ocimum gratissimum. Life Science. 7: 45–48
Michalak, A. (2006). Phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in plant growing under heavy metal strss. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15(4): 523-530.
Mirshakari, B. ( 2011). Crop Production Sciences. Translation. Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Publications.707.
Movahed, N., Eshghi, S. and tafazoli, E. (2012).Effects of polyamins on vegetative characteristic, flowering and yield of strawberry.Acta Horticulture. 926: Lisbon. Portugal.
Namvar, A., Hadi, H. and Seyedsharifi, R. (2017). The role of external sources of plant protection in modulating the destructive effects of non-biological stresses. Journal of Ecophysiology. 48:103-128.
Noohpisheh, Z. and Manuchehri kalantari, KH. (2011). Effects of Spermidine Interaction and Salinity Stress on Pepper. Iranian Journal of Biology, 24(6):848-857.
Saeedi, M., Ahmadi, A. and Tulki, A. (2011). Effect of Post-Pollination Drought Stress on the Content of Polyamines in Bread Wheat Alloy, Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 13(3): 481-494.
Safahani, A. and Shahriari, Gh. (2016). This article discusses methods for improving human growth and development (Hordeum vulgare) under salinity stress. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 44:44-5.
Sharifi, M. and Zuei, F. ( 2009). Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Isfahan University publishers.215-220.
Sharma, D.K., Dubey, A.K., Srivastav, M., Singh, A.K., Sairam, R.K., Pandey, R.N., Dahuja, A. and Kaur, C.(2011). Effect of putrescine and paclobutrazol on growth, physiochemical parameters, and nutrient acquisition of salt-sensitive citrus rootstock Karna khatta (Citrus karna Raf.) under NaCl Stress. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 30:301-311.
Sheikhzadeh Mossadegh, Q, Khorram Dell, Q,. Heidary. M., Ismail Pour, B. and spring, Q. (2014). Effect of time and different concentrations of spermimidine seed pretreatment on germination indices, Bastani cultivar. Third National Congress of Organic and Conventional Agriculture.
Somongy, N .(1952). Noteon sugar determination. Journal of Biological Chemistry.195:19-29.
Verma, S. and Mishra, S.N. (2005). Putrescinealleviation of growth in salt stressed Brasssica Junceaby inducing antioxidative defense system. Journal Plant Physiology, 162(6):669-677.
Zare, M., Bagheri, A. and Bahrami, A. (2012). Effect of drought stress on photosynthetic properties, phenolic compounds and inhibitory capacity of active radicals of different chickpea genotypes. Journal of Greenhouse Cultivation Science and Technology, 3(12): 59-77.
