پیش بینی احتمال وقوع سیل و حداکثر بارش متحمل زیر حوضه پلدختر با استفاده از روش سری های جزیی
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداریمهدی مهدی نسب 1 , تقی طاووسی 2 , رضا میرزایی 3
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد خرم آباد، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، خرم آباد، ایران
2 - دانشیار اقلیم شناسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، دانشکده جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی محیطی، گروه جغرافیا طبیعی، زاهدان، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد آب های زیرزمینی، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، گروه زمین شناسی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: شهرستان پلدختر, سیل, سری های جزیی, دوره بازگشت, حداکثر بارش متحمل,
چکیده مقاله :
سیل پدیدهای طبیعی استکه جوامع بشریآن را به عنوان یک واقعهی اجتناب ناپذیر پذیرفتهاند. اما رویداد، اندازه و تکرار سیلناشیاز عواملمتعددی استکهبسته به شرایط اقلیمی، طبیعیو جغرافیاییهر منطقه تغییر میکند. سالانه در نقاط مختلف دنیا، جان و مال بسیاری از مردم بر اثر سیل به مخاطره میافتد و میلیونها تن خاک ارزشمند به وسیلهی سیل تخریب میشود. سیل یکی از زیانبارترین بلایای طبیعی جهان محسوب میشود، بررسیهای آماری نشان داده است که حدود 70 درصد خسارات بلایای طبیعی در ایران ناشی از سیلابها می باشد. دراین پژوهش به برآورد احتمال وقوع سیل و حداکثر بارش متحمل در زیر حوضه پلدختر با استفاده از روش سری های جزیی اقدام شده است، تعداد 20 بارش سنگین 24 ساعته بیش از 40 میلیمتر و تعداد 30 سیل با دبی بیش از 500 متر مکعب در ثانیه انتخاب گردید. معیار برای انتخاب سیل ها این بوده است که، اولاً سیل متصل به سیل قبلی نباشد. بدین منظور فاصله زمانی بین نقطه اوج دو سیل از یکدیگر، باید حداقل 3 برابر مدت زمانی باشد که دبی سیل از مرحله شروع تا رسیدن به دبی نقطه اوج هیدروگراف لازم دارد. دوماً مقدار دبی پس از سیلاب اول و قبل از شروع سیل دوم به کمتر از یک سوم دبی اوج سیل اول رسیده باشد. سپس بر اسال روش سری های جزیی به برآورد دبی سیل و حداکثر بارش متحمل 24 ساعته در دوره های بازگشت 2 ،5، 10، 25، 50، 100 و 200 ساله پرداخته شده است. نتایج نشان داد که هر سال به احتمال 99/99 درصد سیلی با میزان دبی 32/606 متر مکعب و بارش 24 ساعته ای به میزان 07/43 میلیمتر در زیر حوضه پلدختر به وقوع می پیوندد.
Floods are natural phenomenon that human societies have accepted it as an inevitable event but the event size and frequency of flooding is caused by several factors That is, depending on climatic conditions, natural and geographical each region changes. Annually in different parts of the world, many people's lives and properties due to flood risk falls And millions of tons of precious soil are destroyed by floods. One of the world is a flood natural disaster losses Bartryn. Statistical analysis has shown that about 70 percent of flood damage is caused by natural disaster in Iran This study estimated the a probable flood and maximum precipitation using Poldukhtar suffered minor series is action. The number 20 Heavy rainfall 24Hours over 40 millimeters The number 30 seals with more than 500 cubic meters per second was chosen discharge. Selection criteria for floods had chosen the first seal is attached to the previous flood. Thus, the interval between Two flood peaks from each other, must be at least 3 times the amount of time discharge began to reach the stage of the flood hydrograph peak flow needs. Secondly, the amount of discharge after the first flood and before the second flood in less than one third flood peak is reached first.The series detailed method to estimated the flood discharge and The maximum sustained 24-hour rainfall return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 years has been And the results showed that each year, probably 99.99 percent slapped with a flow rate 606.32 cubic meters and a 24-hour precipitation amount of 43.07 millimeters Poldukhtar happening in theBasin
References
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10- Ouarda, T.B.M.J., J.M.Cunderlik, A. St-Hilaire, M. Barbet, P. Bruneau, B. Bobée, 2006. Data-based comparison of seasonality-based regional flood frequency methods, Journal of Hydroloy, Article in Press.
11-Rezaei Pzhnd, H., b. Ghareman, 2006. Estimating of maximum sustained 24-hour rainfall stations were provided by the North Khorasan, Iran Water Resources Research, second year, 53-43.
12- Salinger.M., G. James. 2005. Climate variation and change: Past, Present and Future, An Overview . Climatic Change 70: 9-29.
13- Silviera, L.F., Charbonnier and L. Genta, 2000. The Antecedent Soil Moisture Condition. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 45(3): 3-12.
14-Tajbakhsh, M., b. Ghareman, 2009, Estimating maximum sustained 24-hour rainfall statistical methods in the North East of Iran, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Research, Volume XVI, Number One,141-123.
15- Vaskov, I., 1993. Rainfall analysis and regionalization computing intensity duration – frequency curves, Universidad polytechnic devalencia 95- 109.
16- Yazdani, M.R., 2000. Determination of maximum flood discharge from small watersheds using the SCS graphical M.S Watershed, Supervisor doctor Mohammad Mahdavi, Department of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, p 120.
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1- Adamowski, K., 2000. "Regional analysis of annual maximum and partial duration flood data by nonparametric and l-moment methods", Journal of Hydrology, 229, 219-231.
2- Foody, G.M., E.M. Ghoneim, W.N. Arnell, 2004. Predicting Location Sensitive to Flash Flooding in Arid Envirinment, Journal of Hydrology, 292: 48-58.
3- Hijazi Zadeh, Z., T. Salehi Pake, 2002. Estimating maximum sustained rainfall in the catchment Bryzmamlv, Journal of humanities literature,58-51.
4- Khoshhal, J., h. A. Ghayur, d. Rahimi, 2005. The Gumbel Mixed Model Applied to Analysis for Frequency Maximum Precipitations in North Karun Basin, Geography and Development, Third Year, Serial No. 5,68-53.
5- Kumar, R., C. Chatterjee, 2005. Regional flood frequency analysis using L-Moments for North Brahmaputra region of India, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 10, 1-7
6-Liong, Sh., WE. Lim, T. Kojiri, T. Hori, SY. Liong, WH. Lim, M. Anderson, N. Peters, D.Walling, 2000. Advance Flood Forcasting for Flood Stricken Bangladesh with a Fuzzy Reasoning Method, Japan Society of Hydrology and Water Resources.
7- Mahdavi, M., 2007. Applied Hydrology, Vol 2, Tehran University Publications, Edition6.
8- MohammadPour, R., T. Sabzwari, 2007. Flood zonation using GIS (design studies QAREAGHAJ part of the river in the province), the first urban GIS Conference.
9- Negaresh, h., T. Tavosi, M. Mehdi Nasab, 2011. Assessing the severity of flooding Kashkan River catchment, Journal of physical geography, fourth year, Serial No. 13, Fall, 58-49.
10- Ouarda, T.B.M.J., J.M.Cunderlik, A. St-Hilaire, M. Barbet, P. Bruneau, B. Bobée, 2006. Data-based comparison of seasonality-based regional flood frequency methods, Journal of Hydroloy, Article in Press.
11-Rezaei Pzhnd, H., b. Ghareman, 2006. Estimating of maximum sustained 24-hour rainfall stations were provided by the North Khorasan, Iran Water Resources Research, second year, 53-43.
12- Salinger.M., G. James. 2005. Climate variation and change: Past, Present and Future, An Overview . Climatic Change 70: 9-29.
13- Silviera, L.F., Charbonnier and L. Genta, 2000. The Antecedent Soil Moisture Condition. Hydrological Sciences Journal. 45(3): 3-12.
14-Tajbakhsh, M., b. Ghareman, 2009, Estimating maximum sustained 24-hour rainfall statistical methods in the North East of Iran, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Research, Volume XVI, Number One,141-123.
15- Vaskov, I., 1993. Rainfall analysis and regionalization computing intensity duration – frequency curves, Universidad polytechnic devalencia 95- 109.
16- Yazdani, M.R., 2000. Determination of maximum flood discharge from small watersheds using the SCS graphical M.S Watershed, Supervisor doctor Mohammad Mahdavi, Department of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, p 120.