بررسی تغییرات گستره جنگل های زاگرس میانی با استفاده از تفسیر عکس های هوایی و بهره گیری از GIS (مطالعه موردی: منطقه کاکا رضا، استان لرستان)
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداریآرش دریکوندی 1 , مهری خسروی 2 , مجتبی تاسه 3 , امین حیدرپور منفرد 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه تهران، گروه جنگلداری، تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد، دانشگاه یزد، گروه جنگلداری، یزد، ایران
3 - دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، گروه جنگلداری، تهران، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه مازندران، گروه جنگلداری، ساری، ایران
کلید واژه: جنگل, عکس‌های هوایی, بلوط, کاکارضا, زاگرس, لرستان,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تغییرات سطح و تراکم تاج پوشش منطقه در شیب ها و ارتفاع های مختلف با استفاده از تفسیر عکس‌های هوایی سال 1334 (1:55000) و سال 1376 (1:40000) و بهره‌گیری از GIS انجام شد. بدین منظور ابتدا تصحیحات هندسی بر روی عکس های هوایی ذکر شده انجام شد، سپس طبقات تراکمی تاج پوشش با استفاده از یک شبکه نقطه چین 2 میلی متری تعیین شدند و مرز طبقات تفکیک شده به صورت پلی گون های بسته ترسیم و مساحت هر پلی گون به طور مجزا تعیین و در هر مرحله از عکس ها، با هم مقایسه شد، در ادامه، اقدام به تهیه نقشه های شیب و ارتفاع در سه کلاسه مختلف در محیط نرم افزار ArcView شد و از تلفیق هر کدام از این نقشه ها با نقشه تراکمی سال های 1334 و1376، میزان تغییرات جنگل در طبقات مختلف شیب و ارتفاع مشخص شد. نتایج نشان می دهد که طبقات انبوه (F1) و نیمه انبوه (F2) در طبقه شیب (60-30 درصد) دارای بیشترین میزان مساحت و در طبقه شیب (30-0 درصد) کمترین میزان مساحت را دارند، اما در طبقه تراکمی تنک (F3) بیشترین میزان مساحت در شیب (60-30 درصد) و کمترین آن در طبقه شیب (30-0 درصد) است. همچنین نتایج نشان می دهد که بیشترین مساحت طبقات تراکمی انبوه (F1) و نیمه انبوه (F2) و تنک (F3) در ارتفاع (2000-1700 متر) و کمترین مقدار مساحت آن ها در ارتفاع (بیشتر از 2000 متر) است.
Abstract: This study cognitional changes area and accumulation in various gradients and altitudes of these forests is studied via aerial photos in 1955 (1:55000) and in 1997 (1:40000). For this purpose, geometric corrections are done as the movement correction issued from ups and downs on the pictures taken in the air is performed, then the forest frontier localities are fixed through sight inter pretation and thickness layers of canopy was appointed in a dotted network with the width of 2 millimeters. The frontier line of separated layers is drawn in Arcview software in the form of closed polygons and the area of these polygons are measured separately. Then any changes in area of these polygons in every stage of photographs are compared through software and the layer changes of the thickness of canopy are provided. Then, the prepared gradient and altitude maps in the three classes in ArcView software and from combining each of these maps with density map in the years 1955 and 1997, the forest changes were found in different classes of gradient and altitude. Results shows that the bulk density of the forest in classes of dense (F1) and semi-dense (F2) is with most of the area in gradient class (30-60 %) and the lowest is in the area of gradient class (more than 60 % ). But the class of sparse density (F3) is with most of the area in gradient class (30-60 %) and the lowest is in the area of gradient class (0-30 %). In addition, results shows that the surface dense density classes (F1) and semi-dense (F2) and sparse (F3) possess is with most of the area in altitude (1700-2000 m) and the lowest is in the area of altitude class (more than 2000 meters).
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