مقایسه اثربخشی درمان تعاملی والد-کودک(PCIT)، آموزش ذهنآگاهی کودک محور و برنامه والدین سالهای باورنکردنی(IY) بر نشانههای برونیسازی شده دانشآموزان دوره اول ابتدایی شهر تبریز
محورهای موضوعی : یادگیریآناهیتا اوبالاسی 1 , علی خادمی 2 , مجید محمود علیلو 3 , مهین اعتمادی نیا 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
3 - استاد، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
کلید واژه: درمان تعاملی والد-کودک, آموزش برنامه والدین سالهای باورنکردنی و نشانههای برونیسازی شده, آموزش ذهنآگاهی کودکمحور,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین تفاوت اثربخشی درمان تعاملی والد-کودک(PCIT)، ذهنآگاهی کودک محور(بوردیک) و برنامه سالهای باورنکردنی(IY) بر نشانههای برونیسازیشده دانشآموزان دوره اول ابتدایی شهر تبریز بود. در قالب طرح نیمه آزمایشی از نوع طرح پیشآزمون – پسآزمون و پیگیری با سه گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل و اجرای پرسشنامه رفتاری کودک(CBCL) آخنباخ نسخه والدین اطلاعات لازم جمعآوری شد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه مادران و دانشآموزان دورهی اول ابتدایی شهر تبریز در سال تحصیلی 1399-1398 بود. نمونه شامل 40 نفر دانشآموز به همراه مادرانشان است که 30 نفر در سه گروه 10 نفره به عنوان گروههای آزمایشی و 10 نفر به عنوان گروه کنترل به روش داوطلبانه و مبتنی بر معیارهای ورود انتخاب شدند. پس از برگزاری دورههای آموزشی(تعاملی والد-کودک، ذهنآگاهی کودکمحور و سالهای باورنکردنی) طی 3 ماه و تحلیل دادهها با روش تحلیل واریانس مختلط، نتایج نشان داد که روشهای درمانی تعاملی والد-کودک، ذهنآگاهی کودکمحور و برنامه سالهای باورنکردنی بر کاهش نمرات برونیسازی شده دانشآموزان از جلسهی پیشآزمون تا جلسهی پیگیری مؤثرند(001/0>p). نتایج آزمون بونفرونی نشان داد که روش درمان تعاملی والد-کودک اثربخشتر از روش ذهنآگاهی کودکمحور در کاهش نشانههای برونیسازی شده دانشآموزان است(013/0=P). همچنین برنامه آموزش سالهای باورنکردنی نسبت به آموزش ذهنآگاهی کودک محور در کاهش نشانههای برونیسازیشده دانشآموزان اثربخشتر بوده است(001/0=P).
The purpose of this research was to determine the difference among effectiveness of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), child-centered mindfulness instruction (Burdick) and incredible years' program (IY) on decreased externalizing symptoms of first period elementary students in Tabriz. Necessary data was collected in the framework of semi-experimental design of pre-test, post-test kind and follow-up with three experimental groups and one control and administration of Achenbach' child behavior questionnaire (CBCL) – parents' version. The statistical population was all the first period elementary students of Tabriz and their mothers during 2020-2021. The sample included 40 students with their mothers that 30 people were selected as experimental groups and 10 people as control group through volunteer method and based on inclusion criteria. After holding treatment periods (parent-child interaction therapy, child-centered mindfulness and incredible years (IY) during three months and data analysis by mixed variance analysis, the results showed that treatment methods of parent-child interaction, child-centered mindfulness and incredible years' program (IY) were effective on decreased scores of externalizing behaviors of the students since pre-test session till follow-up session. the results of Bonferoni's test showed that the method parent-child interaction is more effective than the treatment method of child-centered mindfulness on decreased externalizing symptoms of the students. Also, the program of incredible years was more effective than child-centered mindfulness treatment on decreased externalizing symptoms of the students.
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Achenbach, T. M., & Reescorla, L. A. (2010). Multicultural guide to the manual for the ASEBA preschool forms & profilies. Burlington, Vermont, University of Vermont Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families.
Aghainejad, M., Chorami, M., Ghazanfari, A., Sharifi, T. (2020). The effectiveness of timely parent-centered intervention in creating an unbelievable year's pattern on the adaptive behavior of mentally retarded children. Quarterly of Psychology of Exceptional Individuals Allameh Tabataba’i University. 9 (36): 101-125. (In Persian)
Ashori, M., Ahmadian, Z., Ghamarani, A. (2018). Effectiveness of Incredible Years’ Cognitive Program on behavioral problems of children with behavioral disorder. Empowering exceptional children.9(2):5-16. (In Persian)
Balali, R., Agha Yousefi, A., (2012). The effectiveness of parent education program in reducing children's behavioral problems. Journal of Applied Psychology. 5 (4) (20): 59-73. (In Persian)
Bjørseth, Å., & Wichstrøm, L. (2016). Effectiveness of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) in the Treatment of Young Children’s Behavior Problems. A Randomized Controlled Study. PloS one, 11(9), e0159845.
Briegel W. Tailoring Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) for Older Children: A Case Study. Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 46(4): 298-304.
Burdick, D. E. (2017). A workbook for clinicans & mindfulness skills for kids. Isfahan: Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch. (In Persian)
Chaffin M, Silovsky JF, Funderburk B, Valle LA, Brestan EV, Balachova, T, Jackson S, Lensgraf J & Bonner BL. (2004). Parent-child interaction therapy with physically abusive parents: Efficacy for reducing future abuse reports. J Consul Clin Psychol. 72(3):500-510.
Cooley, M. E., Veldorale-Griffin, A., Petren, R. E., Mullis, A. K. (2014). Parent-child interaction therapy: A Meta-analysis of child behavior outcomes and parent stress. Journal of family social work. 7:191-208.
Edwards RT, Jones C, Berry V, Charles J, Linck P, Bywater T, Hutchings J. (2016). Incredible Years parenting programme: costeffectiveness and implementation. Journal of Children›s Services. (1)11: 72-54.
Edwards, N. A., Sullivan, J. M., Meany-Walen, K., & Kantor, K. R. (2010). Child parent relationship training: Parents' perceptions of process and outcome. International Journal of Play Therapy. 19(3):159-173.
Eyberg, S, M., Nelson, M, M., Duke, M., & Boggs, S. R. (2009). Manual for the dyadic parent-child interaction coding system. (3rd Ed). Florida: University of Florida Press.
Eyberg, S, M. (1988). Parent-child interaction Therapy: Integration of traditional and behavioral concerns. Child & Family Behavior Therapy.10: 33-46.
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