مطالعه تغییرات ایجادشده در پروتئین‌های فاز حاد سرم، هموگرام و الگوی الکتروفورتیکی پروتئین‌های سرمی اسب متعاقب تغییر جیره غذایی از علوفه به علوفه مخلوط با کنسانتره
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
روح اله کرم پور
1
(
دانش‌آموخته دکترای تخصصی کلینیکال پاتولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
)
محمد راضی جلالی
2
(
استاد گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
)
محمد رحیم حاجی حاجیکلایی
3
(
استاد گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
)
علیرضا قدردان مشهدی
4
(
استاد گروه علوم درمانگاهی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/11/05
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/03/31
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/02/01
کلید واژه:
علوفه,
اسب,
کنسانتره,
جیره غذایی,
پروتئین فاز حاد,
چکیده مقاله :
علی رغم مطالعات گسترده ای که در زمینه ارتباط نوع جیره و تأثیر آن بر فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی اسب صورت گرفته، اما اطلاعات کمی در مورد پروتئین های سرم و پلاسمای اسب به دنبال تغییر جیره غذایی از نوع علوفه به علوفه مخلوط با کنسانتره وجود دارد. پروتئین‌های مرحله حاد گروهی از پروتئین‌های سرم هستند که غلظت آن‌ها در پاسخ به عفونت‌ها، التهاب، تروما و نئوپلازی افزایش می‌یابد. از این رو، در مطالعه حاضر به ارزیابی سطح سرمی نشان گر های زیستی سرم، فیبرینوژن و همچنین غلظت پروتئین کل به همراه ارزیابی رفتار تغذیه‌ای اسب‌ها در هنگام تغییر جیره غذایی پرداختیم. بدین منظور، دو نوع جیره غذایی، شامل علوفه (تیمار اول) و علوفه مخلوط با کنسانتره (تیمار دوم) برای هر اسب به مدت پانزده روز متوالی استفاده شد. شمارش کامل سلول های خون و همچنین اندازه‌گیری سطح سرمی فیبرینوژن، هاپتوگلوبین و آمیلوئید نوع A، قبل و بعد از تغییر رژیم غذایی اندازه گیری شد. سطح فیبرینوژن، هاپتوگلوبین و آمیلوئید Aسرم به طور معنی‌داری در اسبان گروه تیمار دوم در مقایسه با اسب های گروه تیمار اول افزایش داشت (05/0>p). همچنین اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری در شمارش کامل سلول های خون بر اثر تغییر جیره غذایی از علوفه به علوفه مخلوط با کنسانتره مشاهده شد (05/0>p). به نظر می رسد تغییر در فلور طبیعی دستگاه گوارش اسب متعاقب تغییر جیره غذایی می‌تواند بدن حیوان را در برابر صدمات حاد التهابی و آسیب زا محافظت کند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Despite extensive studies on the relationship between diet type and its effect on equine biochemical factors, little is known about horse serum and plasma proteins following changes in diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate. Acute phase proteins are a group of serum proteins whose concentrations increase in response to infections, inflammation, trauma, and neoplasia. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the serum levels of serum biomarkers, fibrinogen and total protein concentration along with the nutritional behavior of horses during diet change. For this purpose, two types of diets, including forage (first treatment) and mixture of forage with concentrate (second treatment) were used for each horse for fifteen consecutive days. Complete blood cell counts as well as serum levels of fibrinogen, haptoglobin and amyloid type A were measured before and after dietary changes. Serum fibrinogen, haptoglobin and amyloid A levels were significantly increased in horses of the second treatment group compared to horses in the first treatment group (p<0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference in the complete blood cell count due to the change of diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate (p<0.05). It seems that changes in the natural flora of the horse's digestive tract following a change in diet can protect the animal's body against acute inflammatory and traumatic injuries.
منابع و مأخذ:
Aryal, S. (2020). Biuret test for protein. Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 24(1): 55-60.
Brandao, X., Daie, M., Paulal, G., Silvam, I., Marcondes, T., Shenkoru, S., et al. (2018). Effect of replacing calcium salts of palm oil with camelina seed at 2 dietary ether extract levels on digestion, ruminal fermentation, and nutrient flow in a dual-flow continuous culture system. American Dairy Science Association Journal, 22(7): 1-15.
Bazzano, M., Salvo, D., Diaferia, F., Veronesi, F. and Galarini, R. (2020). Anthelmintic Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Ivermectin Paste after Oral Administration in Mules Infected by Cyathostomins. Animals, 10(2): 224-229.
Direkvandi, E., Rozbehan, Y. and Fazaeli, H. (2018). Effect of different sources of grain on nutrient digestibility in horses by using two internal markers. Animal Science Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 107(2): 3-12.
Emmanuel, S.M. and Dunn, B.N. (2008). Feeding high proportions of barley grain stimulates an inflammatory response in dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Science, 91(3): 606-614.
Safaee Firouzabadi, M.S., Haji Hajikolaei, M.R., Baniadam, A., Ghadrdan Mashhadi, A.R. and
Ghorbanpoor, M. (2018). Cecal cannulation in horse; an experimental study. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(4): 353-359. [In Persian]
Harlow, B.E. )2019(. Changes to the equine hindgut microflora in response to antibiotic challeng. Journal of Animal and Food Science, 14(2): 24-26.
Harris, P. (1999). Review of equine feeding and stable management practices in the UK concentrating on the last decade of the 20th century. Equine Veterinary Journal, 31(7): 46-54.
Hassanpour, A., Alipour Kheirkhah, H.R. and Moghaddam, S. (2017). Evaluation of serumic concentration of Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid A in horses affected with strangles. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 11(43): 345-349. [In Persian]
Hussein, H., Vogedes, L., Fernandez, G. and Frankey, R. (2004). Effects of cereal grain supplementation on apparent digestibility of nutrients and concentrations of fermentation end-products in the feces and serum of horses consuming alfalfa cubes. Journal of Animal Science, 82(3): 1986-1996.
Jafarian, P. and Hassanpour, A. (2019). Evaluation of serumic indices of renal function in horses with piroplasmosis. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 12(48): 54-59. [In Persian]
Jacobsen, S. and Andersen Ph. (2007). The acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) as a marker of inflammation in horses. Equine Veterinary Education, 19(3):38-46.
Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W. and Bruss, M.L. (2008). Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. Journal of Academic Press, 24(7): 11-19.
Kienzel, E. (1994). Small intestinal digestion of starch in the horse. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire (France), 4(1): 59-64.
Lindberg, J. (2002). Use of non-starch carbohydrate energy sources in performance horses. Nutrition of the Performing Horse-An International Perspective. Equine Nutrition Research, 3(5): 1-46.
Minaii, E. and Araghi-Sooreh, F. (2020). Assessment of Streptococcus equi infection in apparently healthy working horses of Urmia region by indirect ELISA method. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 14( 55): 5-15.
Pagan, J.D., Lawrence, T. and Lawrence, L. (2010). Feeding protected sodium bicarbonate attenuates hindgut acidosis in horses fed a high-grain ration. The Impact of Nutrition on the Health and Welfare of Horses, 3(1): 19-22.
Potter, G.D. (2004). Protein requirements of horses for maintenance and work. Publication Of European Association for Animal Production, 111(24): 149-156.
Pihl, T., Scheeper, E., Sanz. M. and Goddard, A. (2017) Acute‐phase proteins as diagnostic markers in horses with colic. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Clinical Care, 26(5): 664-674.
Sadet-Bourgeteau, S., Julliand, V., Ellis, A., Longland, A., Coenen, M. and Miraglia, N. (2010). Equine microbial gastro-intestinal health. The Impact of Nutrition on the Health and Welfare of Horses, 128(4): 161-82.
Santos, A., Rodrigues, M., Bessa, R., Ferreira, L. and Martin-Rosset, W. (2011). Understanding the equine cecum-colonecosystem: current knowledge and future perspectives. Animal, 5(2): 48-56.
Schoster, A., Arroyo, L.G., Staempfli, H.R. and Weese, J.S. (2013). Comparison of microbial populations in the small intestine, large intestine and feces of healthy horses using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. BMC Research Notes, 6(5): 91-100.
Shirazi‐Beechey, S. (2008). Molecular insights into dietary induced colic in the horse. Equine Veterinary Journal, 40(3): 414-421.
Soltani, G.H., Ozmaie, S.S., Sakha, M. and Safi, S.H. (2019). Effects of organic and inorganic selenium supplements on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in mixed breed horses. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 12(48): 124-134. [In Persian]
schell, T., Branson, J., Armstrong, S. and Lewis, M. (2016). Effect of OmniGen-AF® supplementation on the metabolic profile of growing beef cattle. Journal of Research Publication, 3(15): 156-159.
Van Weyenberge, S., Sales, J. and Jansense, G. (2006). Passage rate of digesta through the equine gastrointestinal tract: a review. Livestock Science, 99(2): 3-12.
Van niekerk, E. (1997). The effect of dietary protein on reproduction in the mare. the composition and evaluation of the digestibility of dietary protein from different sourse. Journal of The South African Veterinary Association, 4(1) :20-25.
Varloud, M., Fonty, G., Roussel, A., Guyonvarch, A. and Julliand, V. (2007). Postprandial kinetics of some biotic and abiotic characteristics of the gastric ecosystem of horses fed a pelleted concentrate meal. Journal of Animal Science, 85(3): 2508-2516.
White, N.A. (2006). Colic prevalence, risk factors and prevention. Advances in Equine Nutrition, 25(4): 313-317.
Willard, J.G., Willard, J., Wolfram, S. and Baker, J. (1977). Effect of Diet on Cecal Ph and Feeding Behavior of Horses. Journal of Animal Science, 45(2): 87-93.
wickler, P.S., Pauley, R.E. and Bray, C. (1995). Performance at high altitude of horses and mules receiving fat supplemented diets. Equine veterinary Journal, 27(18): 406-409.
Dijkstra, J., Tafaj, M., Steingass, B.N., Ametaj, W. and Drochner, M. (2008). Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the response of ruminal PH and milk of product to composition of diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(5): 2046-2066.
Study of changes in acute phase proteins of serum, hemogram and electrophoretic pattern of horse serum proteins following change of diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate.
_||_
Aryal, S. (2020). Biuret test for protein. Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 24(1): 55-60.
Brandao, X., Daie, M., Paulal, G., Silvam, I., Marcondes, T., Shenkoru, S., et al. (2018). Effect of replacing calcium salts of palm oil with camelina seed at 2 dietary ether extract levels on digestion, ruminal fermentation, and nutrient flow in a dual-flow continuous culture system. American Dairy Science Association Journal, 22(7): 1-15.
Bazzano, M., Salvo, D., Diaferia, F., Veronesi, F. and Galarini, R. (2020). Anthelmintic Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Ivermectin Paste after Oral Administration in Mules Infected by Cyathostomins. Animals, 10(2): 224-229.
Direkvandi, E., Rozbehan, Y. and Fazaeli, H. (2018). Effect of different sources of grain on nutrient digestibility in horses by using two internal markers. Animal Science Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 107(2): 3-12.
Emmanuel, S.M. and Dunn, B.N. (2008). Feeding high proportions of barley grain stimulates an inflammatory response in dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Science, 91(3): 606-614.
Safaee Firouzabadi, M.S., Haji Hajikolaei, M.R., Baniadam, A., Ghadrdan Mashhadi, A.R. and
Ghorbanpoor, M. (2018). Cecal cannulation in horse; an experimental study. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(4): 353-359. [In Persian]
Harlow, B.E. )2019(. Changes to the equine hindgut microflora in response to antibiotic challeng. Journal of Animal and Food Science, 14(2): 24-26.
Harris, P. (1999). Review of equine feeding and stable management practices in the UK concentrating on the last decade of the 20th century. Equine Veterinary Journal, 31(7): 46-54.
Hassanpour, A., Alipour Kheirkhah, H.R. and Moghaddam, S. (2017). Evaluation of serumic concentration of Haptoglobin and Serum Amyloid A in horses affected with strangles. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 11(43): 345-349. [In Persian]
Hussein, H., Vogedes, L., Fernandez, G. and Frankey, R. (2004). Effects of cereal grain supplementation on apparent digestibility of nutrients and concentrations of fermentation end-products in the feces and serum of horses consuming alfalfa cubes. Journal of Animal Science, 82(3): 1986-1996.
Jafarian, P. and Hassanpour, A. (2019). Evaluation of serumic indices of renal function in horses with piroplasmosis. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 12(48): 54-59. [In Persian]
Jacobsen, S. and Andersen Ph. (2007). The acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) as a marker of inflammation in horses. Equine Veterinary Education, 19(3):38-46.
Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W. and Bruss, M.L. (2008). Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. Journal of Academic Press, 24(7): 11-19.
Kienzel, E. (1994). Small intestinal digestion of starch in the horse. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire (France), 4(1): 59-64.
Lindberg, J. (2002). Use of non-starch carbohydrate energy sources in performance horses. Nutrition of the Performing Horse-An International Perspective. Equine Nutrition Research, 3(5): 1-46.
Minaii, E. and Araghi-Sooreh, F. (2020). Assessment of Streptococcus equi infection in apparently healthy working horses of Urmia region by indirect ELISA method. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 14( 55): 5-15.
Pagan, J.D., Lawrence, T. and Lawrence, L. (2010). Feeding protected sodium bicarbonate attenuates hindgut acidosis in horses fed a high-grain ration. The Impact of Nutrition on the Health and Welfare of Horses, 3(1): 19-22.
Potter, G.D. (2004). Protein requirements of horses for maintenance and work. Publication Of European Association for Animal Production, 111(24): 149-156.
Pihl, T., Scheeper, E., Sanz. M. and Goddard, A. (2017) Acute‐phase proteins as diagnostic markers in horses with colic. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Clinical Care, 26(5): 664-674.
Sadet-Bourgeteau, S., Julliand, V., Ellis, A., Longland, A., Coenen, M. and Miraglia, N. (2010). Equine microbial gastro-intestinal health. The Impact of Nutrition on the Health and Welfare of Horses, 128(4): 161-82.
Santos, A., Rodrigues, M., Bessa, R., Ferreira, L. and Martin-Rosset, W. (2011). Understanding the equine cecum-colonecosystem: current knowledge and future perspectives. Animal, 5(2): 48-56.
Schoster, A., Arroyo, L.G., Staempfli, H.R. and Weese, J.S. (2013). Comparison of microbial populations in the small intestine, large intestine and feces of healthy horses using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. BMC Research Notes, 6(5): 91-100.
Shirazi‐Beechey, S. (2008). Molecular insights into dietary induced colic in the horse. Equine Veterinary Journal, 40(3): 414-421.
Soltani, G.H., Ozmaie, S.S., Sakha, M. and Safi, S.H. (2019). Effects of organic and inorganic selenium supplements on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in mixed breed horses. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 12(48): 124-134. [In Persian]
schell, T., Branson, J., Armstrong, S. and Lewis, M. (2016). Effect of OmniGen-AF® supplementation on the metabolic profile of growing beef cattle. Journal of Research Publication, 3(15): 156-159.
Van Weyenberge, S., Sales, J. and Jansense, G. (2006). Passage rate of digesta through the equine gastrointestinal tract: a review. Livestock Science, 99(2): 3-12.
Van niekerk, E. (1997). The effect of dietary protein on reproduction in the mare. the composition and evaluation of the digestibility of dietary protein from different sourse. Journal of The South African Veterinary Association, 4(1) :20-25.
Varloud, M., Fonty, G., Roussel, A., Guyonvarch, A. and Julliand, V. (2007). Postprandial kinetics of some biotic and abiotic characteristics of the gastric ecosystem of horses fed a pelleted concentrate meal. Journal of Animal Science, 85(3): 2508-2516.
White, N.A. (2006). Colic prevalence, risk factors and prevention. Advances in Equine Nutrition, 25(4): 313-317.
Willard, J.G., Willard, J., Wolfram, S. and Baker, J. (1977). Effect of Diet on Cecal Ph and Feeding Behavior of Horses. Journal of Animal Science, 45(2): 87-93.
wickler, P.S., Pauley, R.E. and Bray, C. (1995). Performance at high altitude of horses and mules receiving fat supplemented diets. Equine veterinary Journal, 27(18): 406-409.
Dijkstra, J., Tafaj, M., Steingass, B.N., Ametaj, W. and Drochner, M. (2008). Modeling the adequacy of dietary fiber in dairy cows based on the response of ruminal PH and milk of product to composition of diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(5): 2046-2066.
Study of changes in acute phase proteins of serum, hemogram and electrophoretic pattern of horse serum proteins following change of diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate.
