بررسی آلودگی کرمی دستگاه گوارش در اسب‌های باشگاهی و روستایی شهرستان اردبیل
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
پریسا شهبازی
1
,
محمد طلوعی
2
,
الناز زمان زاد قویدل
3
,
آرمین حسن زاده
4
1 - گروه پاتوبیولوژی- دانشکده دامپزشکی- دانشگاه تبریز- تبریز- ایران
2 - گروه علوم درمانگاهی- دانشکده دامپزشکی- دانشگاه تبریز- تبریز - ایران
3 - دانش آموخته دکترای دامپزشکی- دانشکده دامپزشکی- دانشگاه تبریز- تبریز - ایران
4 - دانش آموخته دکترای دامپزشکی- دانشکده دامپزشکی- دانشگاه تبریز- تبریز- ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/02/24
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/08/24
تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/01
کلید واژه:
دستگاه گوارش,
اردبیل,
اسب,
آلودگی کرمی,
چکیده مقاله :
بیماری‌های انگلی به عنوان مانعی بزرگ در رشد و سلامت حیوانات در سراسر دنیا مطرح هستند. در این میان اسب نسبت به سایر دام‌های اهلی به آلودگی ها ی انگلی حساس تر بوده و در یک زمان ممکن است به گونه های مختلف آلوده گردد. مطالعه حاضر به منظور ارزیابی میزان آلودگی در اسب های باشگاهی و روستایی شهرستان اردبیل به انگل های گوارشی صورت گرفته است. پنجاه رأس اسب، شامل 34 نریان و 16 مادیان در بهار و تابستان 94 مورد نمونه برداری قرار گرفتند که از این تعداد 36 رأس اسب باشگاهی و 14 رأس غیرباشگاهی بودند. نمونه های مدفوع به روش شناورسازی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج، نوع و میزان آلودگی های تشخیص داده شده بدین شرح بود: استرونگل های کوچک و بزرگ 34 درصد، پاراآسکاریس اکوئوروم 20 درصد، استرونژیلوئیدس وستری 12 درصد، تریکوسترونژیلوس 4 درصد، آنوپلوسفالیده 6 درصد، اورنیتوبیلارزیا ترکستانیکوم 4 درصد و دیکروسلیوم دندریتیکوم 2 درصد. از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی داری بین دوجنس از نظر میزان آلودگی وجود نداشت، ولی میزان آلودگی بین اسب‌های با سابقه درمان ضد انگلی و اسب های بدون سابقه درمان اختلاف معنی دار داشت (05/0p<). همچنین به رغم بیشتر بودن میزان آلودگی در اسب های 6 تا 10 ساله، تفاوت معنی داری در وجود آلودگی بین رده های سنی مختلف مشاهده نشد و با وجود بیشتر بودن آلودگی در اسب های روستایی با چرای آزاد در مقایسه با اسب‌های باشگاهی که عمدتاً تغذیه دستی داشتند، این تفاوت از نظر آماری معنی‌دار نبود. در ضمن در 4 درصد موارد (2 رأس اسب روستایی با چرای آزاد) آلودگی به اورنیتوبیلارزیامشاهده گردید که اولین مورد گزارش این انگل در اسب در منطقه می باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Parasitic diseases are considered as a major obstacle in the growth and development of animal health all over the world. Horses, in comparison to other domestic animals are reported to be more susceptible to a large number of parasites and may harbor different species at any time. The present study was carried out to establish the Gastrointestinal Parasites (GIP) profile of club and rural horses in Ardabil city. A total of 50 horses made up of 34 males and 16 females were examined in spring and summer, 2015. Fecal samples were processed by flotation techniques. GIP encountered were Strongyles (34%), Parascaris equorum (20%), Strongyloides westrii (12%), Anoplocephalidae (6%), Trichostrongylus spp. (4%), Ornithobilharzia turkestanicum (4%) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (2%). According to the results, no significant differences in infection rate were found between male and female horses. But infection rates were significantly higher in horses without a history of anti-parasitic treatment in comparison with those with a history of anti-parasitic treatment (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between infected and uninfected horses regarding age despite more infection being observed in horses aged 6–10 yrs. Also, significant difference in infection rate between club and rural horses was not observed. Meanwhile in 4% of samples (2 rural horses), infection with Ornithobilharzia was found which is the first report of this parasite in horses in the region.
منابع و مأخذ:
Barbosa, O.F., Rocha, U.F., da Silva, G.S., Soares, V.E., Veronez, V.A., de Oliveira, G.P., et al. (2001). A survey on Cyathostominae nematodes (Strongylidea, Strongylidae) in pasture bred horses from São Paulo State, Brazil. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias Londrina, 22: 21-25.
Belding, L.D. (1965). Textbook of Parasitology. USA: Meredith Publication, pp: 963-1004.
Craig, T.M., Diamond, P.L., Ferwerda, N.S. and Thompson, J.A. (2007). Evidence ivermectin resistance of Parascarisequorum on a Texas horse farm. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 27: 67-71.
Egan, C.E., Snelling, T.J. and Mc Ewan, N.R. (2010). The onset of ciliated populations in newborn foals. Acta Protozoologica, 49: 145-147.
Ehizibolo, D.O., Kamani, J., Ehizibolo, P.O., Egwu, K.O., Dogo, G.I. and Salami-Shinaba, J.O. (2012). Prevalence and significance of parasites of horses in some states of Northern Nigeria, Journal of Equine Science, 23(1): 1-4.
Eslami, A., Bokai, S. and Tabatabai, V. (2005). Equine parasites in Iran. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 25: 143-144.
Eslami, A. and Bahadori, R.Sh. (2004). Diagnostic helminth infections. 1st ed., Iran: Garmsar Azad University, pp: 160-192. [In Persian]
Hoseini, H., Bokaii, S. and Rudgari, R. (2008). Study of helminth infection of horses, Tehran, Iran. Iranian Veterinary Medicine Journal, 4(2): 32-39. [In Persian]
Kaplan, R.M. (2002). Anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of horses. Veterinary Research, 33(5): 491-507.
Kaplan, R.M. and Nielsen, M.K. (2012). General guidelines for detection of anthelmintic resistance in horses. Preface/ Veterinary Parasitology, 185(1): 1.
Lester, H.E. and Matthews, J.B. (2014). Fecal worm egg count analysis for targeting anthelmintic treatment in horses: points to consider. Equine Veterinary Journal, 46(2): 139-145.
Mahfooz, A., Masood, M.Z., Yousaf, A., Akhtar, N. and Zafar, M.A. (2008). Prevalence and anthelmintic efficacy of Abamectin against Gastrointestinal parasites of Horses. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 28(2): 76-78.
Martins, I.V.F., Verocai, G.G., Correia, T.R., Melo, R.M.P.S., Pereira, M.J.S., Scott, F.B., et al. (2009). Survey on control and management practices of equine helminthes infection. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileria, 29(3): 253-257.
Mazruii, S.M., Ahmadi, A. and Azizi, M.J. (2015). Study of digestive system helminthic infection in exhibition horses in Isfahan, Iran. Third Hygiene and Diseases of Horse, pp: 58. [In Persian]
Mbafor, F.L., Khan, P.V., Joshua, W.P. and Tchoumboue, J. (2012). Prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal helminths in horses in the Sudano-Guinean climate zone of Cameroon. Tropical Parasitology, 2(1): 45-48.
Nielsen, M.K., Reinemeyer, C.R., Donecker, J.M., Leathwick, D.M., Marchiondo, A.A. and Kaplan, R.M. (2014a). Anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites--current evidence and knowledge gaps. Veterinary Parasitology, 204(1-2): 55-63.
Nielsen, M.K., Pfister, K. and Von Samson-Himmelstjerna, G. (2014b). Selective therapy in equine parasite control--application and limitations. Veterinary Parasitology, 202: 95-103.
Pereira, J.R. and Vianna, S.S. (2006). Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in equines in the Paraíba Valley, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Veterinary Parasitology, 140: 289-295.
Papazahariadou, M., Papadopoulos, E., Diakou, A. and Ptochos, S. (2009). Gastrointestinal parasites of stabled and grazing horses in Central and Northern Greece. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 29(4): 233-236.
Razmi, G. and Sardari, K. (1996). Study of digestive system helminthic infection prevalence in riding horses in Mashhad, Iran. First Hygiene and Diseases of Horse, pp: 58. [In Persian]
Saeed, K., Qadir, Z., Ashraf, K. and Ahmad, N. (2010). Role of intrinsic and extrinsic epidemiological factors on strongylosis in horses. Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 20(4): 277-280.
Selebafmayani, A. and Garedaghi, Y. (2015). Survey on fecal gastrointestinal parasitic helminthes in horses of Jokey clubs in Ardabil city, Iran. Biological Forum–An International Journal, 7(1): 106-110.
Stoltenow, C.L. and Purdy, C.H. (2003). Internal parasites of horses. NDSU Extension Service, North Dokata State University of Agriculture and Applied Sciences. V–543 (Revised. Available on: www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu.
Tajik, J., Mirshahi, A., Razmi, G. and Mohammadi, G. (2010). Study of the helminthic infection in Turkmen horses in Jargalan (North Khorasan Province), Iran. Veterinary Medicine Bulletin, pp: 53-56. [In Persian]
Tavassoli, M., Dalir-Naghadeh, B. and Esmaeili-Sani, S. (2010). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in working horses. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 13(2): 319-324.
Umar, Y.A., Maikaje, D.B., Garba, U.M. and Alhassan, M.A.F. (2013). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in horses used for cadets training in Nigeria. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 3(2): 43-48.
Von Samson-Himmelstjerna, G. (2012). Anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites–detection, potential clinical relevance and implications for control. Veterinary Parasitology, 185: 2-8.
Imani-Baran, A., Yakhchalchi, M., MalekzadehViayeh, R. and Paktarmani, R. (2012). Molecular study for detecting the prevalence of Fasciola gigantica in field-collected snails of Radix gedrosiana (Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae) in Northwestern Iran. Veterinary Parasitology, 189(2-4): 374-377.
Yakhchali, M., Mirrajei, S.Y. and Malekzadeh-Viayeh, R. (2013). Detection of Infection with larval stages of Ornithobilharzia turkestanicum using PCR in field-collected snails of Lymnaea gedrosiana from Northwestern Iran. Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 8(4): 627-633.
Wannas, H.Y., Dawood, K.A. and Gassem, G.A. (2012). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites of horses and donkeys in Al Diwaniyah Governorate. AL-Qadisiya Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences, 11(1): 147-155.
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Barbosa, O.F., Rocha, U.F., da Silva, G.S., Soares, V.E., Veronez, V.A., de Oliveira, G.P., et al. (2001). A survey on Cyathostominae nematodes (Strongylidea, Strongylidae) in pasture bred horses from São Paulo State, Brazil. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias Londrina, 22: 21-25.
Belding, L.D. (1965). Textbook of Parasitology. USA: Meredith Publication, pp: 963-1004.
Craig, T.M., Diamond, P.L., Ferwerda, N.S. and Thompson, J.A. (2007). Evidence ivermectin resistance of Parascarisequorum on a Texas horse farm. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 27: 67-71.
Egan, C.E., Snelling, T.J. and Mc Ewan, N.R. (2010). The onset of ciliated populations in newborn foals. Acta Protozoologica, 49: 145-147.
Ehizibolo, D.O., Kamani, J., Ehizibolo, P.O., Egwu, K.O., Dogo, G.I. and Salami-Shinaba, J.O. (2012). Prevalence and significance of parasites of horses in some states of Northern Nigeria, Journal of Equine Science, 23(1): 1-4.
Eslami, A., Bokai, S. and Tabatabai, V. (2005). Equine parasites in Iran. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 25: 143-144.
Eslami, A. and Bahadori, R.Sh. (2004). Diagnostic helminth infections. 1st ed., Iran: Garmsar Azad University, pp: 160-192. [In Persian]
Hoseini, H., Bokaii, S. and Rudgari, R. (2008). Study of helminth infection of horses, Tehran, Iran. Iranian Veterinary Medicine Journal, 4(2): 32-39. [In Persian]
Kaplan, R.M. (2002). Anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of horses. Veterinary Research, 33(5): 491-507.
Kaplan, R.M. and Nielsen, M.K. (2012). General guidelines for detection of anthelmintic resistance in horses. Preface/ Veterinary Parasitology, 185(1): 1.
Lester, H.E. and Matthews, J.B. (2014). Fecal worm egg count analysis for targeting anthelmintic treatment in horses: points to consider. Equine Veterinary Journal, 46(2): 139-145.
Mahfooz, A., Masood, M.Z., Yousaf, A., Akhtar, N. and Zafar, M.A. (2008). Prevalence and anthelmintic efficacy of Abamectin against Gastrointestinal parasites of Horses. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 28(2): 76-78.
Martins, I.V.F., Verocai, G.G., Correia, T.R., Melo, R.M.P.S., Pereira, M.J.S., Scott, F.B., et al. (2009). Survey on control and management practices of equine helminthes infection. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileria, 29(3): 253-257.
Mazruii, S.M., Ahmadi, A. and Azizi, M.J. (2015). Study of digestive system helminthic infection in exhibition horses in Isfahan, Iran. Third Hygiene and Diseases of Horse, pp: 58. [In Persian]
Mbafor, F.L., Khan, P.V., Joshua, W.P. and Tchoumboue, J. (2012). Prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal helminths in horses in the Sudano-Guinean climate zone of Cameroon. Tropical Parasitology, 2(1): 45-48.
Nielsen, M.K., Reinemeyer, C.R., Donecker, J.M., Leathwick, D.M., Marchiondo, A.A. and Kaplan, R.M. (2014a). Anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites--current evidence and knowledge gaps. Veterinary Parasitology, 204(1-2): 55-63.
Nielsen, M.K., Pfister, K. and Von Samson-Himmelstjerna, G. (2014b). Selective therapy in equine parasite control--application and limitations. Veterinary Parasitology, 202: 95-103.
Pereira, J.R. and Vianna, S.S. (2006). Gastrointestinal parasitic worms in equines in the Paraíba Valley, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Veterinary Parasitology, 140: 289-295.
Papazahariadou, M., Papadopoulos, E., Diakou, A. and Ptochos, S. (2009). Gastrointestinal parasites of stabled and grazing horses in Central and Northern Greece. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 29(4): 233-236.
Razmi, G. and Sardari, K. (1996). Study of digestive system helminthic infection prevalence in riding horses in Mashhad, Iran. First Hygiene and Diseases of Horse, pp: 58. [In Persian]
Saeed, K., Qadir, Z., Ashraf, K. and Ahmad, N. (2010). Role of intrinsic and extrinsic epidemiological factors on strongylosis in horses. Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 20(4): 277-280.
Selebafmayani, A. and Garedaghi, Y. (2015). Survey on fecal gastrointestinal parasitic helminthes in horses of Jokey clubs in Ardabil city, Iran. Biological Forum–An International Journal, 7(1): 106-110.
Stoltenow, C.L. and Purdy, C.H. (2003). Internal parasites of horses. NDSU Extension Service, North Dokata State University of Agriculture and Applied Sciences. V–543 (Revised. Available on: www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu.
Tajik, J., Mirshahi, A., Razmi, G. and Mohammadi, G. (2010). Study of the helminthic infection in Turkmen horses in Jargalan (North Khorasan Province), Iran. Veterinary Medicine Bulletin, pp: 53-56. [In Persian]
Tavassoli, M., Dalir-Naghadeh, B. and Esmaeili-Sani, S. (2010). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in working horses. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 13(2): 319-324.
Umar, Y.A., Maikaje, D.B., Garba, U.M. and Alhassan, M.A.F. (2013). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in horses used for cadets training in Nigeria. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 3(2): 43-48.
Von Samson-Himmelstjerna, G. (2012). Anthelmintic resistance in equine parasites–detection, potential clinical relevance and implications for control. Veterinary Parasitology, 185: 2-8.
Imani-Baran, A., Yakhchalchi, M., MalekzadehViayeh, R. and Paktarmani, R. (2012). Molecular study for detecting the prevalence of Fasciola gigantica in field-collected snails of Radix gedrosiana (Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae) in Northwestern Iran. Veterinary Parasitology, 189(2-4): 374-377.
Yakhchali, M., Mirrajei, S.Y. and Malekzadeh-Viayeh, R. (2013). Detection of Infection with larval stages of Ornithobilharzia turkestanicum using PCR in field-collected snails of Lymnaea gedrosiana from Northwestern Iran. Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 8(4): 627-633.
Wannas, H.Y., Dawood, K.A. and Gassem, G.A. (2012). Prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites of horses and donkeys in Al Diwaniyah Governorate. AL-Qadisiya Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences, 11(1): 147-155.
