More Proficient vs. Less Proficient EFL Learners’ Perceptions of Teachers ‘Motivation Raising Strategies
محورهای موضوعی : English Language Teaching (ELT)نسرین یوسفی 1 , مرجان وثوقی 2 , مینو عالمی 3
1 - English Department, Tehran West branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - English Department, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 - English Department, Tehran West branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
کلید واژه: intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, Perception, more and less proficient EFL learners, motivation raising strategy,
چکیده مقاله :
Motivation raising strategies are frequently used in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classes; nevertheless, learners’ perceptions of such strategies used by language teachers have not sufficiently been explored. Also, there are not enough studies on differences and similarities between more and less proficient EFL learners regarding this issue. To scrutinize this topic, a groups of more (No=50) and less proficient EFL learners (No=50) participated in this study by completing to a validated, researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert type format. Non-parametric Mann-Whiteny U test was run in the SPSS ver. 23 to check the differences between the two groups. The results of the study verified that, regardless of each individual scale in the utilized questionnaire, overall, the more proficient ones manifested significantly less perceptions on teachers’ motivation raising strategies based on the total estimated mean ranks compared with the less proficient learners. However, within the surveyed scales, only in the classroom atmosphere scale, the results showed that the less proficient learners were more mindful of teacher strategies for motivation raising. The findings from this study have implications for motivation raising strategy instructions for a language classroom.
راهبرد های ایجاد انگیزه از سوی مدرسان غالبا در کلاس های درس زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی مکررا استفاده می شود، لیکن درک زبان آموزان از آن راهبرد ها به اندازه کافی مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. همچنین، مطالعات کافی در باره تفاوت ها و شباهت های بین زبان آموزان با مهارت های گوناگون در این باره کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این راستا، در تحقیق حاضر، این موضوع بر روی دو گروه از زبان آموزان با دو رده مهارت زبانی پایین و بالا مورد توجه قرار گرفت. از دو گروه زبان آموز با مهارت زبانی پایین(50 نفر) و بالا (50 نفر) در این مطالعه اطلاعات جمع آوری گردید. در ابتدا، با استناد به نظرات استخراج شده از محققان و صاحبنظران موجود و ادبیات تحقیق یک پرسشنامه با مقیاس لیکرت تهیه شد که در آن با استفاده از گویه های ایجاد انگیزه توسط معلمان زبان انگلیسی از مطالعه الشهری سوالاتی برگرفته و به پرسشنامه افزوده شد. این پرسشنامه سپس در میان زبان آموزان با رده های مهارتی متفاوت (بالا و پایین) که در سه آموزشگاه زبان مختلف در تهران به تحصیل مشغول بودند اجرا شد. برای بررسی تفاوت های بین دو گروه زبان آموز از آزمون غیرپارامتریک من ویتنی یو با استفاده از نرم افزار اس پی اس اس نسخه (23) استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه بر اساس میانگین کل رتبه های محاسبه شده در راستای مقایسه زبان آموزان نشان داد که بدون در نظر گرفتن هر یک از مقیاس های جداگانه در پرسشنامه، به طور کلی، آنهایی که مهارت زبانی بیشتری داشتند، در سطح معناداری درک کمتری از راهبرد های ایجاد انگیزه نسبت به گروه پایین تر داشتند.در مقابل، در مقیاس های مورد ارزیابی در این تحقیق، تنها در مقیاس"جو کلاس درس"، مشخص شد که زبان آموزان با مهارت کمتر از راهبرد های انگیزشی مربوط به این مقیاس درک بالاتری داشتند. یافته های این پژوهش به نقش آگاه سازی مدرسان زبان از درک راهبرد های انگیزش دهنده شان برای زبان آموزان با سطوح مهارتی مختلف دارای فواید مثبتی می تواند باشد.
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