Writing and Related Problems for EFL Students
محورهای موضوعی : language teaching
حسن عدالت
1
(
Tabriz University
)
کلید واژه: English Language Style, Transfer from L1 Rhetoric, Violation of English Code of Writing, Writing Problems, Mastery of Logical System,
چکیده مقاله :
ESL students who write in English may present written material in a rhetorical and organizational mode that reflects the pattern which is valued in their native culture and rhetoric. Considering the violation of English code of writing in the writings of Iranian students, we will notice one common characteristic: They are reluctant (or ignorant of) to write a unified paragraph. Their writing consists of one whole page or two. They do not divide their writing into separate paragraphs. The knowledge of the writer on any subject begins and ends as much as the time or space for writing allows with no paragraph separation. The length of sentences is extraordinary, and the position of modifiers does not seem natural according to the code of English sentence pattern. This means that elements transferred from L1 rhetoric result in a production which does not match the English language style and rhetoric, despite the fact that some students lack grammatical competence. As a result, this type of writing is labeled unacceptable, vague or erroneous by English language standards. The focus of this study is to use English major students' writings to identify the elements which violate English language pattern of writing. The sources of errors responsible for non-English language rhetoric will be classified after a short theoretical review in the literature and finally suggestions for the elimination of errors will be presented.
از بررسی نگارش دانشجویان مشخص شده است که به کار گیری برخی از عناصر ساختاری که در نگارش فارسی متداول است در نگارش های انگلیسی یک امر عادی است. ساختارهای نگارشی فارسی با ساختار های متداول در نگارش انگلیسی مغایرت داشته و در نتیجه استفاده از آنها رنگ و بوی فارسی به متن انگلیسی می افزاید. عدم توانایی در شناسائی این دسته از عناصر از سوی زبان آموز هم به جملات و هم به پاراگرافهای نا مناسب در انگلیسی منجر میشود. نا توانی در نوشتن جمله، عنوان مناسب به انگلیسی و یا نپرداختن درست به موضوع مورد نظر در طول یک پاراگراف و به کار گیری برخی عناصر زبانی متداول در فارسی و استفاده از توصیف کننده های غیر ضروری و یا استفاده از برخی توصیف کننده ها در مکانی مغایر با الگوی زبان انگلیسی از دیگر مواردی است که زبان آموز را از نوشتن یک مطلب قابل قبول باز میدارد. مقاله حاضر در جستجوی یافتن عوامل باز دارنده ای است که امر نوشتن به انگلیسی را برای زبان آموزان ایرانی مشکل میسازد. نخست مرور مختصری بر تحقیقات انجام گرقته در این ارتباط صورت پذیرفته و بر اساس آن ماهیت زبان فارسی وعادات زبانی حاکم در میان مردم به عنوان عوامل باز دارنده درنگارش انگلیسی معرفی میگردد. در این تحقیق با استفاده ازنگارش های دانشجویان گروه زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه تبریز سعی می شود که عوامل مذکور شناسایی و برای رفع این عوامل راه حل هایی پیشنهاد گردد.
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