پیش تیمار پراکسید هیدروژن بر برخی خصوصیات مورفو- فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گندم تحت تنش شوری
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
طیبه جعفریان
1
(دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی،دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام ، ایران)
محمدجواد زارع
2
(دانشیار گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ایلام، ایران)
کلید واژه: گندم, شوری, پراکسید هیدروژن, مرفو-فیزیولوژیک,
چکیده مقاله :
شوری از جمله عوامل اصلی کاهش تولیدات زراعی در مناطق خشک جهان محسوب می گردد. در این آزمایش اثرات شوری بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک، مورفولوژیک و اجزای عملکرد گندم (رقم سرداری) تحت پیش تیمار بذر با پراکسید هیدروژن بررسی شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح شوری (صفر، 80، 120 میلی مولار) و پراکسید هیدروژن در چهار سطح شامل غلظت های 0، 25، 50 و 80 میلی مولار بودند. در این مطالعه، تنش شوری تمامی اجزای عملکرد و نیز سطوح آنتی اکسیدان ها، رنگیزه ها و تعداد و طول روزنه های برگ را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. پیش تیمار بذر با پراکسید هیدروژن از طریق تأثیر مثبت بر روابط آبی گیاه، رنگیزه ها و نیز مساحت سطح برگ و روزنه اثر سوء شوری را بر عملکرد کاهش داد. گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای پیش تیمار شده با پراکسید هیدروژن از محتوای نسبی آب، رنگیزه کلروفیلی و کاروتنوئیدی بالاتر، مساحت سطح برگ بیشتر و تعداد روزنه کمتر و طول روزنه بیشتر تحت تنش شوری نسبت به شاهد برخوردار بوده و در عین حال دارای اثر سودمند پیش تیمار بذر با پراکسید هیدروژن بر کاهش اثر سوء تنش شوری بودند.
Salinity is one of the main factors to reduce crop production worldwide, especially in dry land farms. In this study the effect of pretreatment of wheat seed with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on various traits of wheat (Sardary) including morph-physiological parameters and yield components under salinity conditions were evaluated. This experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, in greenhouse. Treatments were three salinity levels (0, 80 and 120 Mm) and four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 25, 50 and 80 Mm). In this study, salinity affected all of yield components, levels of antioxidants, photosynthetic pigments, length and number of leaf stomata. Pretreatment of seed with hydrogen peroxide alleviated the effect of salinity on yield through positive effect on plant water relation, pigments, leaf area and stomata. Plants from pretreatment of seed with hydrogen peroxide had higher relative water content, chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments, leaf area and lower number of stomata and larger length of stomata under salt stress condition as compared with control. Seed pretreatment with hydrogen peroxide also reduced the adverse effect of salinity.
Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry. 72: 248-254.
Carter, A.C., and A.K. Knapp. 2001. Leaf optical properties in higher plants: linking spectral characteristics to stress and chlorophyll concentration. American Journal of Botany. 88: 677-684.
Colmer, T.D., T.J. Flowers, and R. Munns. 2006. Use of wild relative to improve salt tolerance in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57: 1059-1078
Dat, J.F., F. Vandendede, E. Vranova, M.V. Montagu, D. Inze, and F.V. Breusegem. 2000. Dual action of the active oxygen species during plant stress response. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 57: 779–795.
Dehshiri, A., M. Modares Sanavi, H. Rezai, and A. Shirani Rad. 2012. Effect of elevated concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide on some traits of three rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties under saline conditions. Seed and Plant Production Journal. 28(2): 35-52. (In Persian).
Desikan, R., M.K. Cheung, A. Clarke, S. Golding, M. Sagi, and R. Fluhr. 2004. Hydrogen peroxide is a common signal for darkness- and ABA-induced stomatal closure in Pisum sativum. Functional Plant Biology. 31: 913–20.
Diaz-Perez, J.C., K.A. Shackel, and E.G. Sutter. 2006. Relative water content. Annals of Botony. 97(1): 85-96.
Flinet, H.I., B.R. Boyce, and D.J. Beattie. 1966. Index of injury drought a useful expression of freezing injury to plant tissues as determined by the electrolytic method. CanadianJournal of Plant Science. 47: 229-230.
Francois, L.E., C.M. Grieve, E.V. Mass, and S.M. Lesch. 1994. Time of salt stress affects growth and yield components of irrigated wheat. Agronomy Journal. 86: 100-107.
Fricke, W., and W.S. Peters. 2002. The biophysics of leaf growth and yield components of irrigation wheat. Agronomy Journal. 86: 100-107.
Gill, S.S., and N. Tuteja. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 48: 909-930.
Hidalgo, A., A. Brandolini, C. Pompei, and R. Piscozzi. 2006. Carotenoids and to cols of einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.). Journal of Cereal Science. 44: 182-193.
Hung, S.H., C.W. Yu, and C.H. Lin. 2005. Hydrogen peroxide functions as a stress signal in plants. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica. 46: 1–10.
Juan, M.R., M. Rivero, L. Romero, and J.M. Ruiz. 2005. Evalution of some nutritional and biochemical indicator sin selecting salt-resistant tomato cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 54: 193-201.
Kursat, C., and K. Kurdat. 2010. Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the germination and early seedilling growth of barley under NaCl and high temperature stresses. Eurasia Journal Biology Science. 4: 70-79.
Lichtenthaler, H.K., and A.R. Wellburn. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf extract in different solvents. Biochemical Society Trans. 11: 591–592.
Liu, Y., D. Hongmei, and K, Wang. 2011. Differential photosynthetic responses to salinity stress between two perennial grass species contrasting in salinity tolerance. HortScience. 46: 311-316.
Mandhanis, S., S. Madan, and V. Whney. 2006. Antioxidant defense mechanism under salt stress in wheat seedling. Journal Biology Plantarum. 50: 231-227.
Manivannan, P., C. Abdul Jaleel, B. Sankar, A. Kishorekumar, R. Somasundaram, G.M.A. Lakshmanan, and R. Panneerselvam. 2007. Growth, biochemical modifications and proline metabolism in Helianthus annuus L. as induced by drought stress. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 59: 141–149.
Mudgal, V., N. Madaan, and A. Mudgal. 2010. Biochemical mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants: A Review. International Journal of Botany. 6: 136-143.
Munns, R., and M. Tester. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Physiology. 59: 651-681.
Nadeem, S.M., Z.A. Zahir, M. Naveed, M. Arshad, and S.M. Shahzad. 2006. Variatin in growth and ion uptake of maize due to inculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria under salt stress. Soil Environment. 25: 78-84.
Neill, S., R. Desikan, and J. Hancock. 2002. Hydrogen peroxide signaling. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 5: 388-395
Parida, A.K., and A.B. Das. 2005. Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: Review Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 60: 324-349.
Sairam, R.K., K.V. Rao, and G.C. Srivastava. 2002. Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science. 163: 1037–1046.
Samuilov, V.D., D.B. Bezryadnov, M.V. Gusev. A.V. Kitashov, and T.A. Fedorenko. 2001. Hydrogen peroxide inhibits photosynthetic electron transport in cells of cyanobacteria. Biochemistry. 66: 640–645.
Santhy, V., M. Meshram, R. Wakde, and R. Vijaya Kumari. 2014. Hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment for seed enhancement in cotton. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 9: 1982-1989.
Santos, C., G. Pinto, J. Loureiro, H. Oliveira, and A. Costa. 2002. Response of sunflower cells under Na2SO4. I. Osmotic adjustment and nutrient responses and proline metabolism in sunflower cells under Na2SO4 stress. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 165: 366-372.
Shibli, R.A., M. Kushad, G.G.Yousef, and M.A. Lila. 2007. Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato micro shoots to induced salinity stress in associated ethylene accumulation. Plant Growth Regulation. 51: 159-169.
Shirani Rad, A.H. 2005. Physiology of crop plants. Cultural and Artistic Institute Tehran debugger. 359 pp.
Sivritepe, H.O., N. Sivritepe, A. Eris, and E. Turhan. 2005. The effects of NaCl pre-treatment on salt tolerance of melons grown under long-term salinity. Science Horticulture. 106: 568–581.
Tear, I.D., C.J. Peterson, and A.G. Law. 1971. Size and frequency of leaf stomata in cultivars of Triticum aestivum and other Triticum species. Crop Science. 11: 496-498.
Velikova, V., I. Yordanov, and A. Edreva. 2000. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain treated bean plants. Protective role of exogenous polyamines. Plant Science. 151: 59-66.
Wahid, A., and A. Shabbir. 2005. Induction of heat stress tolerance in barley seedlings by pre-sowing seed treatment with glycinebetaine. Plant Growth Regulation. 46: 133–141.
Zeng, F., L. Shabala, M. Zhou, and G. Zhang. 2013. Barley responses to combined waterlogging and salinity stress: separating effects of oxygen deprivation and elemental toxicity. Plant Physiology. 4:116-128.
_||_Bradford, M.M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry. 72: 248-254.
Carter, A.C., and A.K. Knapp. 2001. Leaf optical properties in higher plants: linking spectral characteristics to stress and chlorophyll concentration. American Journal of Botany. 88: 677-684.
Colmer, T.D., T.J. Flowers, and R. Munns. 2006. Use of wild relative to improve salt tolerance in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany. 57: 1059-1078
Dat, J.F., F. Vandendede, E. Vranova, M.V. Montagu, D. Inze, and F.V. Breusegem. 2000. Dual action of the active oxygen species during plant stress response. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 57: 779–795.
Dehshiri, A., M. Modares Sanavi, H. Rezai, and A. Shirani Rad. 2012. Effect of elevated concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide on some traits of three rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties under saline conditions. Seed and Plant Production Journal. 28(2): 35-52. (In Persian).
Desikan, R., M.K. Cheung, A. Clarke, S. Golding, M. Sagi, and R. Fluhr. 2004. Hydrogen peroxide is a common signal for darkness- and ABA-induced stomatal closure in Pisum sativum. Functional Plant Biology. 31: 913–20.
Diaz-Perez, J.C., K.A. Shackel, and E.G. Sutter. 2006. Relative water content. Annals of Botony. 97(1): 85-96.
Flinet, H.I., B.R. Boyce, and D.J. Beattie. 1966. Index of injury drought a useful expression of freezing injury to plant tissues as determined by the electrolytic method. CanadianJournal of Plant Science. 47: 229-230.
Francois, L.E., C.M. Grieve, E.V. Mass, and S.M. Lesch. 1994. Time of salt stress affects growth and yield components of irrigated wheat. Agronomy Journal. 86: 100-107.
Fricke, W., and W.S. Peters. 2002. The biophysics of leaf growth and yield components of irrigation wheat. Agronomy Journal. 86: 100-107.
Gill, S.S., and N. Tuteja. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 48: 909-930.
Hidalgo, A., A. Brandolini, C. Pompei, and R. Piscozzi. 2006. Carotenoids and to cols of einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L.). Journal of Cereal Science. 44: 182-193.
Hung, S.H., C.W. Yu, and C.H. Lin. 2005. Hydrogen peroxide functions as a stress signal in plants. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica. 46: 1–10.
Juan, M.R., M. Rivero, L. Romero, and J.M. Ruiz. 2005. Evalution of some nutritional and biochemical indicator sin selecting salt-resistant tomato cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 54: 193-201.
Kursat, C., and K. Kurdat. 2010. Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the germination and early seedilling growth of barley under NaCl and high temperature stresses. Eurasia Journal Biology Science. 4: 70-79.
Lichtenthaler, H.K., and A.R. Wellburn. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b of leaf extract in different solvents. Biochemical Society Trans. 11: 591–592.
Liu, Y., D. Hongmei, and K, Wang. 2011. Differential photosynthetic responses to salinity stress between two perennial grass species contrasting in salinity tolerance. HortScience. 46: 311-316.
Mandhanis, S., S. Madan, and V. Whney. 2006. Antioxidant defense mechanism under salt stress in wheat seedling. Journal Biology Plantarum. 50: 231-227.
Manivannan, P., C. Abdul Jaleel, B. Sankar, A. Kishorekumar, R. Somasundaram, G.M.A. Lakshmanan, and R. Panneerselvam. 2007. Growth, biochemical modifications and proline metabolism in Helianthus annuus L. as induced by drought stress. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 59: 141–149.
Mudgal, V., N. Madaan, and A. Mudgal. 2010. Biochemical mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants: A Review. International Journal of Botany. 6: 136-143.
Munns, R., and M. Tester. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Physiology. 59: 651-681.
Nadeem, S.M., Z.A. Zahir, M. Naveed, M. Arshad, and S.M. Shahzad. 2006. Variatin in growth and ion uptake of maize due to inculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria under salt stress. Soil Environment. 25: 78-84.
Neill, S., R. Desikan, and J. Hancock. 2002. Hydrogen peroxide signaling. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 5: 388-395
Parida, A.K., and A.B. Das. 2005. Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: Review Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 60: 324-349.
Sairam, R.K., K.V. Rao, and G.C. Srivastava. 2002. Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science. 163: 1037–1046.
Samuilov, V.D., D.B. Bezryadnov, M.V. Gusev. A.V. Kitashov, and T.A. Fedorenko. 2001. Hydrogen peroxide inhibits photosynthetic electron transport in cells of cyanobacteria. Biochemistry. 66: 640–645.
Santhy, V., M. Meshram, R. Wakde, and R. Vijaya Kumari. 2014. Hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment for seed enhancement in cotton. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 9: 1982-1989.
Santos, C., G. Pinto, J. Loureiro, H. Oliveira, and A. Costa. 2002. Response of sunflower cells under Na2SO4. I. Osmotic adjustment and nutrient responses and proline metabolism in sunflower cells under Na2SO4 stress. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 165: 366-372.
Shibli, R.A., M. Kushad, G.G.Yousef, and M.A. Lila. 2007. Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato micro shoots to induced salinity stress in associated ethylene accumulation. Plant Growth Regulation. 51: 159-169.
Shirani Rad, A.H. 2005. Physiology of crop plants. Cultural and Artistic Institute Tehran debugger. 359 pp.
Sivritepe, H.O., N. Sivritepe, A. Eris, and E. Turhan. 2005. The effects of NaCl pre-treatment on salt tolerance of melons grown under long-term salinity. Science Horticulture. 106: 568–581.
Tear, I.D., C.J. Peterson, and A.G. Law. 1971. Size and frequency of leaf stomata in cultivars of Triticum aestivum and other Triticum species. Crop Science. 11: 496-498.
Velikova, V., I. Yordanov, and A. Edreva. 2000. Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain treated bean plants. Protective role of exogenous polyamines. Plant Science. 151: 59-66.
Wahid, A., and A. Shabbir. 2005. Induction of heat stress tolerance in barley seedlings by pre-sowing seed treatment with glycinebetaine. Plant Growth Regulation. 46: 133–141.
Zeng, F., L. Shabala, M. Zhou, and G. Zhang. 2013. Barley responses to combined waterlogging and salinity stress: separating effects of oxygen deprivation and elemental toxicity. Plant Physiology. 4:116-128.
