بررسی توده‌های بزرک سیاه (بالنگوی شهری Lallemantia iberica) در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

منوچهر فرضی ¹ , خشنود علیزاده ² , موسی ارشد ³

1 - گروه باغبانی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران
2 - دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مراغه، ایران
3 - گروه باغبانی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مهاباد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/04/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/12/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/04/01

کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, مقاومت به خشکی, بزرک سیاه, خصوصیات بالنگو,

چکیده مقاله :

بالنگوی شهری گیاهی یک ساله، علفی و متحمل به خشکی از تیره نعناع است که برای استفاده از بذر آن کشت می‌شود. در این پژوهش تنوع 12 توده بالنگوی شهری انتخابی از مناطق مختلف کشور با استفاده از صفات مورفولوژیک و برخی شاخص‌های تحمل به خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. آزمایش مزرعه‌ای در بهار 1392 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم مراغه در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی اجرا گردید. تجزیه مرکب برای عملکرد دانه نشان داد که اختلاف بسیار معنی‌داری در بین محیط‌های اجرای آزمایش وجود داشت. میانگین های عملکرد دانه در شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی 730 تا 1380 کیلوگرم در هکتار و در شرایط دیم 360 تا 680 کیلوگرم در هکتار برآورد شدند. توده‌های کلیبر و نظرلو از لحاظ تمامی شاخص‌های متحمل به خشکی برتر بودند و در گروه‌بندی خوشه‌ای، گروه‌های ایجاد شده در سه خوشه کاملاً متمایز قرار گرفتند. بر اساس تجزیه همبستگی در شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی صفت ارتفاع بوته و تعداد روز تا گلدهی بیشترین ضریب همبستگی را با عملکرد دانه نشان دادند و در شرایط دیم تعداد شاخه اصلی بیشترین ضریب همبستگی را با عملکرد دانه داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Lallemantia iberica is an annual, herbaceous and drought tolerant plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae, which is cultivated for its seeds. Diversity of 12 dragons head landraces were studied for phenotypic and genotypic variations using agro-morphological traits and some drought tolerance indices. Field study was conducted in the spring of 2013 as a randomized complete block design with three replicates in Maragheh. Results of analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference among the studied landraces for all agro-morphological traits under study between the experimental sites. Combined analysis for grain yield showed that there were significant differences between the experimental sites. The average grain yields were in the range of 730 to 1380 kg.ha-1 under complementary irrigated condition and from 360 to 680 kg.ha-1 under rainfed conditions. Kalibar and Nazarlo landraces for all parameters were highly drought tolerant. Cluster analysis grouped these populations into three distinct clusters. The results also indicated that plant height and days to flowering under complementary irrigation and main branches under rainfed conditions exhibited highest correlations with seed yields.

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