نحوه تشکیل کانسار باریت آب ترش،استان کرمان،با نگرشی بر ژئوشیمی عناصر نادر خاکی و ایزوتوپ‌های پایدار اکسیژن و گوگرد
محورهای موضوعی : علوم زمین
حسین کلانترهرمزی
1
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فرهاد احیاء
2
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قدرت الله رستمی پایدار
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سارا ملکی خیمه سری
4
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بهبهان
2 - گروه زمین شناسی، واحد بهبهان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بهبهان، ایران
3 - گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز
4 - گروه زمین شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بهبهان
کلید واژه: باریت, ژئوشیمی, عناصر نادر خاکی, ایزوتوپ,
چکیده مقاله :
باریت می تواند در محیط های مختلف زمین شناسی تشکیل شود، به طوری که در طیف گسترده ای از انواع کانسارها یافت می شود.برای تعیین منشأ و شرایط فیزیکی و شیمیایی تشکیل کانسار باریت آب ترش، مطالعه جامعی با استفاده از روش‌های پتروگرافی، ژئوشیمی عناصر نادر خاکی و ایزوتوپ های اکسیژن وگوگرد انجام شد.کانی سازی باریت در آب ترش به صورت یک رگۀ چینه کران در واحدهای سنگی کربناتی سنونین رخ می دهد. باریت با کوارتز و مقادیر جزیی مالاکیت، کریزوکولا، اکسیدها و هیدروکسیدهای آهن و منگنز، گالن، آزوریت، فلوریت، پیریت و بورنیت همراه است. سنگ های میزبان برشی و سیمان شده توسط باریت حاکی از یک منشأ اپی ژنتیک برای کانی سازی باریت است. مقادیر مجموع عناصر نادر خاکی در نمونه های باریت بسیار کم است (56/14-32/5 ppm)، و الگوهای هنجار شده با کندریت غنی شدگی عناصر نادر خاکی سبک نسبت به عناصر نادر خاکی سنگین را نشان می دهند.مقادیر کم مجموع عناصر نادر خاکی و نسبت های عنصری عناصر نادر خاکی (Ce/La؛ (La/La*)N و (Gd/Gd*)N) نشان می دهد که آب دریا با ماهیت ژئوشیمیایی بسیار تغییر یافته (آب های فسیلی) به عنوان سیال ته نشست دهندۀ باریت عمل کرده است.مقادیر δ18O و δ34S در نمونه های باریت (به ترتیب 1/11+-4/10+ ‰ و 8/27+-3/27+ ‰) و مقادیر δ34S در گالن (3/6+ و 9/7+ ‰) نشان می دهد که سولفات (و در نتیجه گوگرد) از آب های فسیلی حمل کنندۀ سولفات و یا تبخیری ها منشأ گرفته است. کاهیدگی ترموشیمیایی سولفات (TSR) محتمل ترین مکانیسم برای تشکیل گوگرد کاهیده در گالن است.در این مطالعه، کانسار آب ترش به عنوان یک کانسار باریت وابسته به ساختار(ناپیوستگی) طبقه بندی می شود.
Barite can form in various geological environments, as it is found in a wide range of mineral deposit types. To determine the origin and physicochemical conditions under which the Ab Torsh barite deposit was formed, a comprehensive study was carried out using petrographical, REE geochemical, O and S isotopic. Barite mineralization occurs at Ab Torsh as a stratabound vein in the Senonian sedimentary rock units. Barite is accompanied by quartz and subordinate malachite, chrysocolla, Fe and Mn oxides and hydroxides, galena, azurite, fluorite, pyrite, and bornite. The brecciated host rocks cemented by barite imply an epigenetic origin for the barite mineralization. The ∑REE values are very low in barites (5.32-14.56 ppm), with chondrite-normalized patterns displaying LREE enrichment relative to HREE. The REE elemental ratios show that seawater with a highly modified geochemical signature (connate waters) acted as the barite depositing fluid. The δ18O and δ34S values in barites (+10.4‒+11.1‰ and +27.3‒+27.8‰, respectively) and δ34S values in galena (+6.3 and +7.9‰) indicate that sulfate (and thus sulfur) originated from sulfate carrying connate waters and/or evaporites. The Ab Torsh deposit is classified here as a structure (unconformity)-related barite deposit. It is concluded that intense faulting and the resulting brecciation of the host rocks probably provided the conduits needed for upward migration of the deep mineralizing fluids from a basinal brine source. Barite was formed where these ascending Ba-bearing hydrothermal fluids encountered sulfate-containing connate waters trapped within the overlying Senonian strata and or the descending meteoric waters that gained sulfate from evaporite-bearing rock units.
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