تبیین علّی خلاقیت: نقش سبک های دلبستگی و هیجانات مثبت و منفی

محورهای موضوعی : خلاقیت شناسی روان‏شناختی

سمیه اسماعیلی ¹ , راضیه شیخ الاسلامی ²

1 - گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
2 - دانشیار روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/07/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/06/02 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/30

کلید واژه: هیجان مثبت, سبک دلبستگی, واژه‌های کلیدی: خلاقیت, هیجان منفی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه: خلاقیت، عاملی مؤثر و کلیدی در حوزه فعالیت‌های علوم اجتماعی، روان‌شناسی و آموزش و پرورش است. در دنیای متمدن امروز، ابتکار، خلاقیت و توانایی حل مسئله از مهارت‌های کلیدی به شمار می‌آیند. عوامل متعددی بر خلاقیت اثرگذار است که سبک‌های دلبستگی و هیجانات مثبت و منفی از جمله آن عوامل هستند. هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تبیین نقش واسطه‌ای هیجانات مثبت و منفی در رابطه بین سبک‌های دلبستگی و خلاقیت دانشجویان بود. روش: طرح پژوهش حاضر از نوع همبستگی بوده که در آن روابط علی بین متغیرها در قالب مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر، شامل تمامی دانشجویان پسر و دختر مقطع کارشناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی در سال تحصیلی 95-1394 بود که از این بین، 572 دانشجو (329 دختر و 243 پسر) از هر پنج دانشکده دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اهواز (دانشکده فنی-مهندسی، پرستاری، علوم پایه، کشاورزی و انسانی) با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای انتخاب شدند و مقیاس دلبستگی تجدید نظر شده بزرگسالان (کولینز و رید،1990)، عواطف مثبت و منفی (برادشاو، 2009) و خلاقیت (عابدی، 1372) را تکمیل کردند. یافته‌ها: نتایج معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Amos نسخه 22 حاکی از برازش خوب مدل نهایی با داده‌های پژوهش بود (98/0=CFI، 97/0=NFI، 98/0=GFI، 98/0=IFI ، 5/2=X2/df، 050/0=RMSEA، 884/0=PCLOSE). نتایج تحلیل مسیر نشان داد که سبک‌های دلبستگی ایمن و دوسوگرا، اثر مستقیم بر خلاقیت دارند. همچنین، سبک‌های دلبستگی، هیجانات مثبت و منفی را تحت تأثیر قرار دادند. علاوه بر این، نقش واسطه‌ای هیجان منفی در رابطه بین سبک‌های دلبستگی و خلاقیت مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نتیجه‌گیری: در مجموع، نتایج این پژوهش نشانگر نقش تعیین‌کننده سبک‌های دلبستگی و هیجان در خلاقیت دانشجویان است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background: Creativity is an effective key agent in the domain of social science, psychology and educational activities. In the modern world, innovation, creativity and problem solving ability are key skills. Creativity is standing on different factors such as attachment styles and positive and negative emotions. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of positive and negative emotions in the relationship between attachment styles and students' creativity. Method: The present research project was a correlation study in which the causal relationships between variables were studied in the form of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all male and female undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2015-2016, that among them, 574 students (329 female and 243 male) from all five faculties of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz (Faculty of Engineering, Nursing, Basic Sciences, Agriculture and Humanities) were selected by cluster random sampling and completed Revised Adult Attachment Scale  (Collins & Read, 1990), positive and negative affects questionnaire (Bradshaw, 2009) and creativity questionnaire (Abedi, 1993). Results: The results of structural equation by using AMOS-22 software showed that the final model has good fitness with research data (CFI=0.985, GFI=0.978, IFI=0.986, X2/df=1.884, RMSEA=0.040, PCLOSE=0.884). The results of path analysis showed that secure and ambivalence attachment styles have direct effect on creativity. Also, attachment styles affected positive and negative emotions. Furthermore, the mediating role of negative emotion in the relationship between attachment styles and creativity was confirmed.  Conclusion: In sum, the results of this research indicate the determination role of attachment style and emotion on students' creativity. Keywords: Attachment styles, Creativity, Negative emotion, Positive emotion.

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