بتن ژئوپلیمری، راهی برای ساخت و ساز سبز و توسعه پایدار شهری
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
1 - گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: ارزیابی چرخه عمر, ژئوپلیمر, توسعه پایدار, مصالح پایدار,
چکیده مقاله :
بتن به علت دارا بودن ویژگی های خاص پرمصرف ترین مصالح در صنعت ساخت وساز، بعد از آب است. اما فرآیند تولید سیمان پرتلند معایب عمده ای نیز به دنبال دارد به طوری که تولید یک تن سیمان پرتلند سبب تولید تقریبا یک تن دی اکسید کربن می شود. از این رو نیاز به استفاده از یک جایگزین برای سیمان پرتلند ضروری به نظر می رسد. از طرفی اصل "بدون پسماند" و تولید مواد جدید با اثر محیط زیستی کمتر از اولویت ها از اهداف توسعه پایدار درشهر های آینده خواهد بود. برای توسعه‌ی بیشتر مواد سازگار با محیط‌زیست، به شناختی در مورد محرک‌های محیط زیستی مواد جدید و همچنین ارزیابی اثرات محیط زیستی مواد مرسوم درساخت ساز، نیاز می باشد. در سال های اخیر ژئوپلیمر به عنوان یک مصالح پایدار ، دوستدار محیط زیست و جایگزینی برای سیمان پرتلند مطرح شده است. ژئوپلیمرها موادی سرامیک مانندی با ساختارهای پلی تراکمی درسه بعد هستند که در اثر فعال شدن شیمیایی مواد جامد حاوی آلومینیوم و سیلیس در دمای نسبتاً پایین ایجاد می شوند. برای تولید بتن ژئوپلیمری واستفاده در ساختمان می توان از پسماند ها یا محصولات جانبی حاصل از صنایع ، مانند : خاکستر احتراق ذغال سنگ، سرباره های کوره آهن گدازی، ضایعات ساختمانی و یا پسماند کشاوزی مانند شلتوک برنج استفاده کرد. مقاله حاضر به طور خلاصه مطالعات انجام شده را در زمینه استفاده از فناوری ژئوپلیمر در مصالح پایدار به منظور توسعه پایدارشهری بارویکرد کاهش انتشار آلایندگی های زیست محیطی و ارزیابی چرخه عمر بررسی می کند . یافته‌ها و نتایج مطالعات نشان می دهند که بتن های ژئوپلیمری خصوصیات مکانیکی ، شیمیایی بالاتری و مصرف انرژی خیلی کمتری نسبت به بتن های معمولی دارند و مزایای محیط زیستی قابل‌توجهی را ارائه می کنند.
Due to its unique qualities, concrete is the second most extensively utilized material in the construction sector after water. However, the Portland cement manufacturing method has significant downsides, as one ton of Portland cement produces approximately one ton of carbon dioxide. As a result, it appears that an alternative to Portland cement is required. The notion of "waste-free" development and the manufacturing of new materials with a lower environmental impact than the priorities, on the other hand, will be the aims of future cities' sustainable development. To continue developing environmentally friendly materials, it is vital to understand the environmental stimuli of new materials as well as assess the environmental effects of traditional building materials. Geopolymer has recently gained popularity as a sustainable, environmentally acceptable substance that can be used instead of Portland cement. Geopolymers are ceramic-like materials with three-dimensional poly-compact structures that are made by chemically activating aluminum and silica-containing solids at low temperatures. Trash or by-products from industry can be used to make geopolymer concrete for use in building, such as coal combustion ash, smelting furnace slag, construction waste, or agricultural waste such as rice paddy. The purpose of this article is to look at the viability of using geopolymer technology in sustainable materials for sustainable urban development in order to reduce pollution and analyze the life cycle. Based on research findings, geopolymer concretes have much better mechanical and chemical quality and also much less energy consumption than conventional concrete and have significant environmental benefits.
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