نقش معلمان در بهبود رفتارهای اقتصادی دانش آموزان با رویکرد اقدام پژوهی
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش
محبوبه منتظرعطایی
1
(استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی دانشکده علوم تربیتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،مشهد، ایران.)
سمیه شمشادی
2
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشدگروه علوم تربیتی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد،ایران.)
مرضیه شمشادی
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشدگروه علوم تربیتی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد،ایران.)
کلید واژه: اسراف, اقدام پژوهی, رفتار اقتصادی, پس انداز,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه رفتار اقتصادی کودکان و نوجوانان از مباحث بسیار با اهمیت در حوزه ی آموزش و پرورش می باشد. تمامی فعالیت های افراد از جمله کودکان و بزرگسالان به نوعی با دانش اقتصادی و رفتار اقتصادی مربوط است. تحقیق حاضر با هدف نقش معلمان در بهبود رفتارهای اقتصادی دانش آموزان با رویکرد اقدام پژوهی انجام شده است. روش تحقیق از نوع آمیخته می باشد. در بخش کیفی از اقدام پژوهی و در بخش کمی از روش پیمایشی استفاده شده است. جامعه ی آماری دانش آموزان دختر مقطع ابتدایی پایه دوم شهرستان مشهد می باشد که با روش نمونه گیری قضاوتی در دسترس تعداد نمونه ی آماری 36 نفر از دانش آموزان در دبستان غیر دولتی نصر مشهد انتخاب شدند.ابزار سنجش مشاهده، مصاحبه، پرسشنامه می باشد. اقدام های عملیاتی در این تحقیق انجام فعالیت های عملی متنوع و جذاب همچون بازی، قصه گویی، شعر، تکالیف کاربردی و بازدیدهای علمی بوده است. در روش تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون تی تک نمونه وابسته (پیش آزمون و پس آزمون) استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد بین گروه مورد مطالعه قبل و بعد از اجرای اقدام پژوهی، تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین لذت کسب در آمد و قرار گرفتن در انجام معاملات به ظاهر کوچک اقتصادی تاثیر به سزایی در بهبود رفتار اقتصادی آنان دارد. همچنین آگاهی دادن به کودکان از مباحث اقتصادی، برخورد علمی با فعالیت‌های اقتصادی در زندگی اجتماعی به همراه دارد و در بحث کلان می تواند بازدهی و بهره وری فردی را در جامعه ارتقا دهد.
Today, the economic behavior of children and adolescents is one of the most important issues in the field of education. All activities of individuals, including children and adults, are somehow related to economic knowledge and economic behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of teachers in improving students' economic behaviors with an action research approach. The research method is mixed. In the qualitative part, action research and in the quantitative part, the survey method has been used. The statistical population is female elementary school students in the second grade of Mashhad city, which was selected by statistical judgment sampling method. The statistical sample of 36 students in Nasr non-governmental primary school in Mashhad was selected. Operational actions in this research have been performing various and attractive practical activities such as games, storytelling, poetry, practical assignments and scientific visits. In the data analysis method, the dependent sample t-test (pre-test and post-test) was used. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the study group before and after the action research. Also, the pleasure of earning money and being involved in seemingly small economic transactions has a great impact on improving their economic behavior. Also, informing children about economic issues has a scientific approach to economic activities in social life and in the macro debate can improve individual efficiency and productivity in society.
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- Arshadi, V., Naji Maidani, A., Salimifar, M. and Mahram, B. (2015). Explaining the factors filling the gap between opinion and practice in the economic behavior of the Muslim family. Journal of Islamic Economics,(15) 60, 144-113. [In Persian].
- Balali, E., Jafari, R., Pakseresht, S., Suleimanm, S. and Isazadeh, S. (2013). Study and analysis of economic socialization patterns of children in Hamadan. Social Studies and Research in Iran, (3) 2, 391-365. [In Persian].
- Benjamin, D. J., Choi, J. J., & Fisher, G. (2016). Religious identity and economic behavior. Review of Economics and Statistics, 98(4), 617-637.
- Bourdieu, P. (2011). The forms of capital.(1986). Cultural theory: An anthology, 1, 81-93.
- Document of fundamental transformation of education. (2010).
- Ghasemi Pouya, I. (2002). Practical guide to research in practice. Education Research Institute Publications. [In Persian].
- Habibi, Samira, Haji Mullah, Darvish, Narges, Raghfar, Hossein. (1400). The effect of mental poverty on labor performance. Journal of Applied Theories of Economics, 8 (1), 165-184.
- Hadavi Nia, A.(2019). The model of economic man from the perspective of Islam; Journal of Islamic Economics; 19 (74), 63-35.
- Harbaugh, W. T., & Krause, K. (2000). Children's altruism in public good and dictator experiments. Economic Inquiry, 38(1), 95-109.
- Harbaugh, W. T., Krause, K., & Berry, T. R. (2001). GARP for kids: On the development of rational choice behavior. American Economic Review, 91(5), 1539-1545.
- Harbaugh, W. T., Krause, K., & Vesterlund, L. (2002). Risk attitudes of children and adults: Choices over small and large probability gains and losses. Experimental Economics, 5(1), 53-84.
- Harbaugh, W. T., Krause, K., & Vesterlund, L. (2007). Learning to bargain. Journal of Economic Psychology, 28(1), 127-142.
- Hawthorne, S., Rodgers, Y., & Wheeler, R. C. (2003). Economic Literacy Among Primary-Grade Students. Available at SSRN 433980.
- Heckman, J. J., Stixrud, J., & Urzua, S. (2006). The effects of cognitive and noncognitive abilities on labor market outcomes and social behavior. Journal of Labor economics, 24(3), 411-482.
- Imam Jome, F. (2010). Student Economic Knowledge Assessment. Journal of Social Science Education Growth, 13(46), 50-57. [In Persian].
- Jahanian, N. (2021). Economics of the endowment institution. Islamic Economics, 21 (81), 5-29
- Kautz, T., Heckman, J., Diris, R., Ter Weel, B., & Borghans, L. (2014). Fostering and measuring skills: Improving cognitive and non-cognitive skills to promote lifetime success. Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn.
- Leet, D. R., & Lopus, J. S. (2012). Tips for teaching the high school economics course. Social Studies Research and Practice, 7(1), 9-18.
- Movahedmanesh, S. Ghaffari Fard, M. & Sadeghi, Z. (2019). The people of Kabul believe in the recommended economic behaviors in the field of consumption in Islam. Quarterly Islamic Economics and Banking, 8 (29), 147-1
- Mulyani, R., Thomas, P., & Widiyanto, W. (2018). The influence of student consumption, social status of family, the economic parent status, and the economic education of family to consumption behavior. Journal of Economic Education, 7(1), 24-30.
- Musazadeh, Z., and Sanati, F. (2017). Explaining the components of economic education based on Islamic teachings. Islamic Education, 12 (24), 73-97.
- Obama, B. (2012). The economics of higher education, a report prepared by the department of the treasury with the department of education.
- Peighami, A. & Toorani, H. (2011). A study on the role of economy curriculum in formal and general curriculum of the world: An operational plan for a neglected curriculum Abstract. Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations. 10(1), 31-52.
- Peiyghami, A. and Turani,H. (2010). The role of economics curriculum in the formal and general education curriculum of the world, presenting an action plan for a neglected curriculum., Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 9 (37), 31-52.
- Porfaraj, A. gilak, M,T. Ansari, H.(2013). Religiosity and Behavioral Economics ,Laboratory economics methodology for the study of Islamic economics. Journal of Islamic Economics Studies ,(2) , 33-68. [in Persian]
- Qudusi.Z. (2016). The role of the family in the economic empowerment of children. Women's Research Studies, 3 (3), 91-112.
- Sherraden, M. S., Johnson, L., Guo, B., & Elliott, W. (2011). Financial capability in children: Effects of participation in a school-based financial education and savings program. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 32(3), 385-399.
- Sutter, M., Zoller, C., & Glätzle-Rützler, D. (2019). Economic behavior of children and adolescents–A first survey of experimental economics results. European Economic Review, 111, 98-121.
- Taheri, M., & Manzoor, D. (2013). Economic Rationality in the Critique of Behavioral Economics. Economic Research and Policies, 21(68), 159-174. [ in Persian]
- Toghyani, M. (2012). The effectiveness of quality of life therapy on mental health and mental well-being of male adolescents. Master Thesis in Clinical Psychology: University of Isfahan. . [in Persian]
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- Yousefzadeh, M. (2017). Explaining the position and principles of desirable economic behavior from the perspective of Imam Ali (AS). Nahj al-Balaghah Research Quarterly, (16) 4, 13-1.
