رابطه اخلاق کاری و تاب آوری شغلی با استرس و فرسودگی شغلی معلمان مدارس استثنایی شهر زاهدان
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورش
سمانه سلیمی
1
(استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران)
ملیحه صیامی
2
(کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت آموزشی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران)
کلید واژه: اخلاق کاری, تاب آوری شغلی, معلمان مدارس استثنایی, فرسودگی شغلی, استرس شغلی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف پژوهش حاضر تعیین رابطه اخلاق کاری و تاب آوری شغلی با استرس و فرسودگی شغلی معلمان مدارس استثنایی بود. روش پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و جامعه آماری این پژوهش را معلمان مدارس استثنایی شهر زاهدان به تعداد 163 نفر که از میان آنها با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده، 113 نفر انتخاب شد. برای جمع آوری داده ها از پرسشنامه های استرس شغلی الیوت (1998)، فرسودگی شغلی مسلش (2003)، تاب آوری شغلی کونور و دیودسون (2003) و اخلاق کاری علی الکاظمی (2003) استفاده شد. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه براساس شاخص CVR با نظر هشت نفر از متخصصین مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. همچنین پایایی پرسشنامه بر اساس ضریب آلفای کرونباخ به ترتیب 90/0، 88/0، 90/0 و 86/0 برآورد گردید. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار spss مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته های آزمون تی یک طرفه نشان داد اخلاق کاری معلمان در وضعیت مطلوب، اما استرس و فرسودگی شغلی و تاب آوری شغلی معلمان در وضعیت مطلوبی قرار ندارد. نتایج ضریب همبستگی نشان داد که بین اخلاق کاری و تاب آوری شغلی با استرس شغلی همبستگی منفی و معنادار و بین اخلاق کاری با فرسودگی شغلی و تاب آوری شغلی با فرسودگی شغلی رابطه معناداری یافت نشد.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work ethics and occupational resilience with job stress and burnout among exceptional school teachers. This research was conducted by using the descriptive correlational methodology. The statistical population comprised exceptional school teachers (N=163) in Zahedan, Iran. Among them, 113 teachers were selected using a simple random sampling method. Eliot's Job Stress Questionnaire (1998), Maslach Burnout Inventory (2002), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), and Work Ethics Scale by Ali and Ali Kazemi (2002) were used to collect data. The content validity of these tools was confirmed based on the CVR index and opinions of 8 experts. Moreover, the reliability of the tools mentioned above equaled 0.90, 0.88, 0.90, and 0.86, Cronbach's alpha respectively. Data analysis was done through SPSS software. According to findings obtained from the one-way t-test, the work ethics of teachers was perfect, while they did not have an optimal situation in terms of job stress and burnout, as well as occupational resilience. Correlation coefficients indicated a negative and significant correlation between work ethics, occupational resilience, and job stress. Further, there was no significant relationship between work ethics and job burnout, as well as occupational resilience and job burnout.
References
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- Arabshahi Karizi, Ahmad and Erfanifar, Abolfazl. (2020). The effect of work ethic on job stress. Journal of Industry and University. 9 (34), 91-101. [In Persian]
- Askari, Zahra; Abedi Sarvestani; Ahmad and Mahboubi, Mohammad Reza. (1396). The Relationship between Burnout and Moral Behavior in the Workplace. Journal of Ethics in Science and Technology, 12 (3), 64-57. [In Persian]
- Bakhtiarpour, S., & Zarei, H. (2018). Comparison of job stress and burnout of normal and exceptional primary school teachers in Ahvaz. Fourth Scientific Conference on Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Harms of Iran. [In Persian]
- Ball, J., Armistead, L., & Austin, B. J. (2003). The relationship between religiosity and adjustmen among African-American, female, urban adolescents. Journal of Adolescence. 26, 431- 446.
- Banerjee, Y., Akhras, A., Khamis, A. H., Alsheikh-Ali, A., & Davis, D. (2019). Investigating the Relationship Between Resilience, Stress-Coping Strategies, and Learning Approaches to Predict Academic Performance in Undergraduate Medical Students: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Study. JMIR research protocols, 8(9), e14677.
- Banger, M. (2003). Job stress of exceptional children's teachers. Exceptional education. 16 and 17. 40-45. [In Persian]
- Bin Ajmal MU, Irfan S. (2014). Understanding the moderating role of islamic work ethics between job stress and work outcomes. IOSR Journal of business and management. 2014. 16 (1): 62-67.
- Christopher, A. N., Zabel, K. L., Jones, J. R., & Marek, P. (2008). Protestant ethic ideology: Its multifaceted relationships with just world beliefs, social dominance orientation, and right-wing authoritarianism. Personality and Individual Differences. 45(6), 473-477.
- Day, C. & Hong, J. (2017). Influences on the capacities for emotional resilience of teachers in schools serving disadvantaged urban communities: Challenges of living on the edge. Teaching and Teacher Education,59,115-125.
- Feghi Farahmand, N., & Zanjani, S. (2013). The esurvey of relationship between employee’s conceptions fromdimentions of work ethic with job satisfaction and job stress (case study: Technical training organization of Tabriz). Journal of Sociology Studies, 5(18), 103-118. [In Persian]
- Firoozabadi, S., and Nourani, Jila. (2019). Explaining the job resilience of teachers of exceptional students: based on the coping style and mediating role of religious beliefs. exceptional Children. 18 (1), 97-108. [In Persian]
- Golmohammadian, M., & Sajadi, N. (2017). The role of psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior in predicting burnout of primary school teachers in special schools. Psychology of exceptional people. 5 (1), 11-25. [In Persian]
- Hao, S., Hong, W. & Zhou, L. (2015). Relationship between resilience, stress and burnout among civil servants in Beijing, China: Mediating and moderating effect analysis, Personality and Individual Differences. 3(8), 15-32.
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- Islami, Z., & Mastarshadi, R. (2019). The relationship between responsibility and resilience with burnout of teachers in exceptional primary schools in Bojnourd. International Conference on Research in Science and Engineering, Turkey, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference, Istanbul University. Turkey. [In Persian]
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- Keshmiri, M. (2014). The relationship between personality characteristics and work ethics with burnout among staff of shahid rajaee technical faculty. M.A. Thesis, Islamic azad university marvdasht branch, Shiraz. [In Persian]
- Kia, A. (2018). Relationship between job enthusiasm and resilience with life satisfaction in teachers of exceptional students in Amol city, provincial scientific research conference on strategies and strategies for improving quality in education. [In Persian]
- Kiykha, S., & Kahrazehi, F. (2017). Predicting the resilience and happiness of exceptional school teachers based on religiosity at work. Journal of Disability Studies. 7 (2), 75-83. [In Persian]
- Lanz, J. J. (2015). Examining the Impact of Resilience on Work Stress and Strains in Nurses. FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations.
- Mackenzie, S. (2012). I can’t imagine doing anything else: Why do teachers of children with SEN remain in the profession? Resilience, rewards and realism over time. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 12(3), 151–161.
- Mehrabizade, Mahnaz; Atash Afrooz, Asgar and Rezaei, Shabnam (2015). Comparison of General Health, Job Stress and Job Burnout in Exceptional and Normal School Teachers, Clinical Personality Psychology, 9 (4), 89-97. [In Persian]
- Meriac, J. P., Woehr, D. J., Gorman, C. A., & Thomas, A. L. (2013). Development and validation of a short form for the multidimensional work ethic profile. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82(3),155-164 .
- Moltafet, Gh., Sadati Firozabadi, S. (1393). Provide a model for students' resilience with respect to family variables and mediate religious orientation in high school students. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 13 (49), 54-74. [In Persian]
- Monafzade, A. (2015). Job burnout, causes and strategies to deal with it. Work and society, 187, 47-54. [In Persian]
- Motlebi, R., & Kiyani, Gh. (2018). The Relationship between Burnout and Mental Health of Exceptional School Teachers: The Mediating Role of Job Participation. Health promotion management. 7 (1), 59-67. [In Persian]
- Ngui, G. K., & Lay, Y. F. (2017). The relationship between resilience and perceived practicum stress: The mediating role of self-efficacy. Sains Humanika, 9(1-4).
- Ozbey, S., Buyuktanir, A., & Turkoglu, D. (2014). An investigation of preservice pre-school teachers’ resilience skills. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 116, 4040-4046.
- Pasandideh, A. (2005). Life satisfaction. Qom. Darolhadis. 384 pages. [In Persian]
- Polat, D. D., & Iskender, M. (2018). Exploring Teachers' Resilience in Relation to Job Satisfaction, Burnout, Organizational Commitment and Perception of Organizational Climate. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies. 5(3), 1-13.
- Raisifar, K., & Mellati, A. (2014). The Role of Positive Organizational Behavior in the Prevention of Occupational Injuries: Investigating the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout. governmental management. 6 (4), 705-723. [In Persian]
- Razban, R. (2012). Investigating the Relationship between Teacher Burnout and Organizational Commitment and Job Motivation among Primary School Teachers in Nazarabad County in the Academic Year 91-90. Master Thesis. Faculty of Humanities. Tarbiat Dabir Shahid Rajaei University of Tehran. [In Persian]
- Sharifzade, F., Saleh ardestani, A., Hamidiyan, M & Nouri, H. (2015). The Identification of Causes of employee burnout of the National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company and its relationship with human resource organizational maturity. Farayandno, 10(49), 99-113. [In Persian]
- Shen, B., McCaughtry, N., Martin, J., Garn, A., & Kulik, N. (2015). The relationship between teacher burnout and student motivation, British Journal of Educational Psychology. 85(4), 75-89.
- Sheukhehpoor, Z., Ebrahimi, A., Sheukhehpoor, M., & Zeinali, Sh. (2015). The study of the relationship between Islamic work ethic and burnout among instructors of Islamic Azad University and Payame Noor. Islamic Management Journal, 23(1), 241-225. [In Persian]
- Soleymani, N., Abbas zade, N., Niaz azari, B. The Relationship between Work Ethics and Job Satisfaction and Job Stress among Staff at Tehran Technical and Vocational Education Organization. Journal of New Approach in Educational Management. 2012. 3(1): 21-38. [In Persian]
- Tamanai far, M., & Golmohammadi, S. (2017). Comparison of psychological well-being, job stress (job stress) among teachers in special and ordinary schools in Isfahan. Clinical Personality Psychology. 5 (8), 36-42. [In Persian]
- Toral-Villanueva, R., Aguilar-Madrid, G., & Juárez-Pérez, C. A. (2009). Burnout and patient care in junior doctors in Mexico City. Occupational medicine. 59(1), 8-13.
- Vousiopoulos, S., Kouli, O., Kourtessis, T., Tsitskari, E., & Tsitskari, D. (2019). Job Satisfaction and Burnout among Greek Teachers and Physical Education Teachers. A Comparison in Minority and Public Sector Schools in Thrace. Annals of Applied Sport Science. 7(4), 52-60.
- Yankelovich, D., & Immerwahr, J. (1984). Putting the work ethic to work. Society. 21(2), 58-76
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References
- Ali, J .A. and Al-Kazemi, A, (2007), ianagerial problems in Kuwait, the journal of management development, 21(5): pp. 366-375.
- Arabshahi Karizi, Ahmad and Erfanifar, Abolfazl. (2020). The effect of work ethic on job stress. Journal of Industry and University. 9 (34), 91-101. [In Persian]
- Askari, Zahra; Abedi Sarvestani; Ahmad and Mahboubi, Mohammad Reza. (1396). The Relationship between Burnout and Moral Behavior in the Workplace. Journal of Ethics in Science and Technology, 12 (3), 64-57. [In Persian]
- Bakhtiarpour, S., & Zarei, H. (2018). Comparison of job stress and burnout of normal and exceptional primary school teachers in Ahvaz. Fourth Scientific Conference on Educational Sciences and Psychology, Social and Cultural Harms of Iran. [In Persian]
- Ball, J., Armistead, L., & Austin, B. J. (2003). The relationship between religiosity and adjustmen among African-American, female, urban adolescents. Journal of Adolescence. 26, 431- 446.
- Banerjee, Y., Akhras, A., Khamis, A. H., Alsheikh-Ali, A., & Davis, D. (2019). Investigating the Relationship Between Resilience, Stress-Coping Strategies, and Learning Approaches to Predict Academic Performance in Undergraduate Medical Students: Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Study. JMIR research protocols, 8(9), e14677.
- Banger, M. (2003). Job stress of exceptional children's teachers. Exceptional education. 16 and 17. 40-45. [In Persian]
- Bin Ajmal MU, Irfan S. (2014). Understanding the moderating role of islamic work ethics between job stress and work outcomes. IOSR Journal of business and management. 2014. 16 (1): 62-67.
- Christopher, A. N., Zabel, K. L., Jones, J. R., & Marek, P. (2008). Protestant ethic ideology: Its multifaceted relationships with just world beliefs, social dominance orientation, and right-wing authoritarianism. Personality and Individual Differences. 45(6), 473-477.
- Day, C. & Hong, J. (2017). Influences on the capacities for emotional resilience of teachers in schools serving disadvantaged urban communities: Challenges of living on the edge. Teaching and Teacher Education,59,115-125.
- Feghi Farahmand, N., & Zanjani, S. (2013). The esurvey of relationship between employee’s conceptions fromdimentions of work ethic with job satisfaction and job stress (case study: Technical training organization of Tabriz). Journal of Sociology Studies, 5(18), 103-118. [In Persian]
- Firoozabadi, S., and Nourani, Jila. (2019). Explaining the job resilience of teachers of exceptional students: based on the coping style and mediating role of religious beliefs. exceptional Children. 18 (1), 97-108. [In Persian]
- Golmohammadian, M., & Sajadi, N. (2017). The role of psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior in predicting burnout of primary school teachers in special schools. Psychology of exceptional people. 5 (1), 11-25. [In Persian]
- Hao, S., Hong, W. & Zhou, L. (2015). Relationship between resilience, stress and burnout among civil servants in Beijing, China: Mediating and moderating effect analysis, Personality and Individual Differences. 3(8), 15-32.
- Hossein Chari, M.; Mohammadi, M. (1390). Predicting psychological resilience based on religious beliefs in urban and rural students. Psychology of Religion, 4 (3), 69-82. [In Persian]
- Islami, Z., & Mastarshadi, R. (2019). The relationship between responsibility and resilience with burnout of teachers in exceptional primary schools in Bojnourd. International Conference on Research in Science and Engineering, Turkey, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference, Istanbul University. Turkey. [In Persian]
- Johnson, B., Down, B., Le Cornu, R., Peters, J., Sullivan, A., Pearce, J., & Hunter, J. (2015). Early career teachers: Stories of resilience. Singapore: Springer.
- Keshmiri, M. (2014). The relationship between personality characteristics and work ethics with burnout among staff of shahid rajaee technical faculty. M.A. Thesis, Islamic azad university marvdasht branch, Shiraz. [In Persian]
- Kia, A. (2018). Relationship between job enthusiasm and resilience with life satisfaction in teachers of exceptional students in Amol city, provincial scientific research conference on strategies and strategies for improving quality in education. [In Persian]
- Kiykha, S., & Kahrazehi, F. (2017). Predicting the resilience and happiness of exceptional school teachers based on religiosity at work. Journal of Disability Studies. 7 (2), 75-83. [In Persian]
- Lanz, J. J. (2015). Examining the Impact of Resilience on Work Stress and Strains in Nurses. FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations.
- Mackenzie, S. (2012). I can’t imagine doing anything else: Why do teachers of children with SEN remain in the profession? Resilience, rewards and realism over time. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 12(3), 151–161.
- Mehrabizade, Mahnaz; Atash Afrooz, Asgar and Rezaei, Shabnam (2015). Comparison of General Health, Job Stress and Job Burnout in Exceptional and Normal School Teachers, Clinical Personality Psychology, 9 (4), 89-97. [In Persian]
- Meriac, J. P., Woehr, D. J., Gorman, C. A., & Thomas, A. L. (2013). Development and validation of a short form for the multidimensional work ethic profile. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82(3),155-164 .
- Moltafet, Gh., Sadati Firozabadi, S. (1393). Provide a model for students' resilience with respect to family variables and mediate religious orientation in high school students. Journal of Psychological Sciences, 13 (49), 54-74. [In Persian]
- Monafzade, A. (2015). Job burnout, causes and strategies to deal with it. Work and society, 187, 47-54. [In Persian]
- Motlebi, R., & Kiyani, Gh. (2018). The Relationship between Burnout and Mental Health of Exceptional School Teachers: The Mediating Role of Job Participation. Health promotion management. 7 (1), 59-67. [In Persian]
- Ngui, G. K., & Lay, Y. F. (2017). The relationship between resilience and perceived practicum stress: The mediating role of self-efficacy. Sains Humanika, 9(1-4).
- Ozbey, S., Buyuktanir, A., & Turkoglu, D. (2014). An investigation of preservice pre-school teachers’ resilience skills. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 116, 4040-4046.
- Pasandideh, A. (2005). Life satisfaction. Qom. Darolhadis. 384 pages. [In Persian]
- Polat, D. D., & Iskender, M. (2018). Exploring Teachers' Resilience in Relation to Job Satisfaction, Burnout, Organizational Commitment and Perception of Organizational Climate. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies. 5(3), 1-13.
- Raisifar, K., & Mellati, A. (2014). The Role of Positive Organizational Behavior in the Prevention of Occupational Injuries: Investigating the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout. governmental management. 6 (4), 705-723. [In Persian]
- Razban, R. (2012). Investigating the Relationship between Teacher Burnout and Organizational Commitment and Job Motivation among Primary School Teachers in Nazarabad County in the Academic Year 91-90. Master Thesis. Faculty of Humanities. Tarbiat Dabir Shahid Rajaei University of Tehran. [In Persian]
- Sharifzade, F., Saleh ardestani, A., Hamidiyan, M & Nouri, H. (2015). The Identification of Causes of employee burnout of the National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company and its relationship with human resource organizational maturity. Farayandno, 10(49), 99-113. [In Persian]
- Shen, B., McCaughtry, N., Martin, J., Garn, A., & Kulik, N. (2015). The relationship between teacher burnout and student motivation, British Journal of Educational Psychology. 85(4), 75-89.
- Sheukhehpoor, Z., Ebrahimi, A., Sheukhehpoor, M., & Zeinali, Sh. (2015). The study of the relationship between Islamic work ethic and burnout among instructors of Islamic Azad University and Payame Noor. Islamic Management Journal, 23(1), 241-225. [In Persian]
- Soleymani, N., Abbas zade, N., Niaz azari, B. The Relationship between Work Ethics and Job Satisfaction and Job Stress among Staff at Tehran Technical and Vocational Education Organization. Journal of New Approach in Educational Management. 2012. 3(1): 21-38. [In Persian]
- Tamanai far, M., & Golmohammadi, S. (2017). Comparison of psychological well-being, job stress (job stress) among teachers in special and ordinary schools in Isfahan. Clinical Personality Psychology. 5 (8), 36-42. [In Persian]
- Toral-Villanueva, R., Aguilar-Madrid, G., & Juárez-Pérez, C. A. (2009). Burnout and patient care in junior doctors in Mexico City. Occupational medicine. 59(1), 8-13.
- Vousiopoulos, S., Kouli, O., Kourtessis, T., Tsitskari, E., & Tsitskari, D. (2019). Job Satisfaction and Burnout among Greek Teachers and Physical Education Teachers. A Comparison in Minority and Public Sector Schools in Thrace. Annals of Applied Sport Science. 7(4), 52-60.
- Yankelovich, D., & Immerwahr, J. (1984). Putting the work ethic to work. Society. 21(2), 58-76
