Response of Yield and Morphophysiological Characteristics of Corn (SC 704) to Different Source of Potash Fertilizer under Deficient Irrigation Situation (at South West of Iran)
محورهای موضوعی : Journal of Crop Nutrition ScienceSattar Kazemi 1 , Keyvan Marashi 2
1 - Msc Graduated, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
کلید واژه: Maize, Nutrition, Potassium, <i>Alternate furrow irrigation, Seed weight</i>,
چکیده مقاله :
BACKGROUND: Deficit irrigation strategies were effective in saving volume of water. Potassium is an essential nutrient that affects most of the biochemical and physiological processes are involved in plant resistance to biotic and a biotic stresses. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to assess effect of different pattern of irrigation and several source of potassium on crop production and morphological traits of corn. METHODS: This research was carried out via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2015 year. The main factor included three level of Irrigation regime (I1: Conventional Irrigation or Control, I2: Fix furrow irrigation, I3: Alternate furrow irrigation) and three level of potassium (K1: 100 kg.ha-1 Potassium sulfate base application or Control, K2: 10 kg.ha-1 Solo potash with first irrigation, K3: 100 gr.ha-1 PotaBARVAR-2 as a biofertilizer + 50 kg.ha-1 Potassium sulfate base application) belonged to sub factor. RESULT: The results showed that in different irrigation patterns, application K3 treatment with alternate furrow irrigation increased the seed yield and its components. Under deficient irrigation conditions, the plant height, length and diameter of ear were reduced and the application of K3 treatment with alternate furrow irrigation led to increase above traits. The highest number of rows per ear (16.6) and number of seed per row (28) were obtained from the interaction effect of normal irrigation and K3 treatment. The lowest number of row per ear (12.2) was due to the fix furrow irrigation and K2 treatment. The highest (237.5 gr) and lowest (213.5 gr) amount of 1000-seed weight belonged to I1K3 and I2K2 treatments, respectively. Also the maximum (5463 kg.ha-1) and minimum (2966 kg.ha-1) amount of seed yield was achieved from I1K3 and I2K2 treatments, respectively. CONCLUSION: Alternate furrow irrigation showed a significant advantage over the fix furrow irrigation after control with K3 treatment had the highest seed yield. Generally use of 100 gr.ha-1 PotaBARVAR-2 as a biofertilizer + 50 kg.ha-1 Potassium sulfate base applications with alternate furrow irrigation can be advised to farmers.
Abid, M., Z. Tian, S. T. Ata-Ul-Karim, Y. Liu, Y. Cui, R. Zahoor, D. Jiang. and T. Dai. 2016. Improved tolerance to post-anthesis drought stress by pre-drought priming at vegetative stages in drought tolerant and -sensitive wheat cultivars. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 106: 218-227.
Abedi, T. and H. Pakniyat. 2010. Antioxidant enzyme changes in response to drought stress in ten cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Czech J. Genetics Plant Breed. 46: 27-34.
Armin, M. and H. Hajinezhad. 2016. Yield and yield components response of cotton to Potash source and Zinc amount application under saline condition. J. Plant Eco-physiol. 8: 68-77. (Abstract in English)
Ashfaq, A., N. Hussain. and M. Athar. 2015. Role of potassium fertilizers in plant growth, crop yield and quality fiber production of cotton-an overview. J. Biol. 5: 27-35.
Babaogli, F., F. Rahimzadeh Khoeai. and M. Yarnia. 2012. Effect of biological fertilizer on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) CV. S.C. 504 in drought condition. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. Sci. 2(3): 117-122.
Bahrani, A., J. Pourreza, A. Madani. and F. Amiri. 2012. Effect of PRD irrigation method and potassium fertilizer application on corn yield and water use efficiency. Bulgarian J. Agri. Sci. 18: 616-625.
Balasubramaniyan, P. and S. P. Palaniappan. 2001. Nutrient Management. Principles and practices of agronomy Instruction. pp: 185-188.
Cakir, R. 2004. Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops. J. 89: 1-16.
Campos, H., M. Cooper, J. E. Habben, G. O. Edmeades. and J. R Schussler. 2004. Improving drought tolerance in maize view from industry. Field Crop Res. 90: 19-34.
El-Halim, A. A. 2013. Impact of alternate furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals on yield, water use efficiency, and economic return of corn. Chilean J. Agri. Res. 73(2): 175-180.
English, M. J. and L. James. 1990. Deficit irrigation. II: Observation on colombia basin. ASCE, J. Irrigation Drain. Eng. 116: 413-426.
Farahmandfar, M., P. Sharifi. and M. N. Shakibaee-Vishkaee. 2018. Effects of potassium sulphate fertilizer rates on some of qualitative and quantitative traits of forage corn (Zea mays L.) in different irrigation regimes. J. Crop Prod. 11(1): 127-140.
Farshad, R. and M. J. Malakooti. 2003. Effect of potassium and zinc on quality and quantity of grain maize in Karaj. J. Soil Water. 12: 70-75. (Abstract in English)
Gardner, F., R. Pearce. and R. L. Mitchell. 1985. Physiology of crop plants. Iowa State Univ. Press. Ames.
Ghosh, D. C., P. K. Panda. and P. M. Sahoo. 1995. Response of rainfall rapeseed (Brassica compestris L.) to NPK. Indian J. Agric. Res. 29: 5–9.
DOI: 10.2478/acas-2013-0014.
Kang, S. Z, P. Shi, Y. H. Pan, Z. S. Liang, X. T. Hu. and J. Zhang. 2000. Soil Water distribution uniformity and water use efficiency under alternative furrow irrigation arid area. Irrigation Sci. J. 19(4): 181-190.
Kashiani, P., Gh. Saleh, M. Osman. and D. Habibi. 2011. Sweet corn yield response to alternate furrow irrigation methods under different planting densities in a semiarid climatic condition. Afri. J. Agri. Res. 6(4): 1032-1040.
Kirda, C., S. Topcu, H. Kaman, A. C. Ulger, A. Yazici, M. Cetin. and M. R. Derici. 2005. Grain yield response and N-fertilizer recovery of maize under deficit irrigation. J. Field Crops Research. 93: 132–141.
Marshal, J., M. Mata, J. Del-Campo, A. Arbones, X. Vallverdu, J. Girona. and N. Olivo. 2008. Evaluation of partial root-zone drying for potential field use as a deficit irrigation technique in commercial vineyards according to two different pipeline layouts. Irrigation Sci. J.26: 347-356.
Majlesy, A. and E. Gholinezhad. 2013. Phenotype and quality variation of forage maize (Zea mays L.) with potassium and micronutrient application under drought stress conditions. J. Res. Field Crop. 1(2): 44-55. (Abstract in English)
Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press. San Diego. USA.
Mirzashahi, K., S. Salimpour, A., Daryashnac, M. J. Malakouti. and H. Rezaei. 2009. Effects rates and time (Topdressing) of potassium fertilizers on canola yield in Dezful region. Soil and Water Research J. 12(3): 18-29. (Abstract in English)
Mohammadi, Y. 2011. Evaluation effect of different amounts of water consumption and planting arrangement on seed yield of corn at Khuzestan province. Msc. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. Chamran University. 117 pp. (Abstract in English)
Monneveux, P., C. Sanchez, D. Beck. and G. O. Edmeds. 2006. Drought tolerance improvement in topical maize source populations: evidence of progress. Crop Sci. J. 46: 180-191.
Naseri, R., A. Moghada, F. Darab, A. Hatami. and Gh. R. Tahmasebei. 2013. The Effect of deficit irrigation and Azotobacter Chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense on grain yield, yield components of maize (S.C. 704) as a second cropping in western Iran. Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci. 2(10): 104-112.
Nasri, M., M. Khalatbari. and H. Aliabadi-Farahani. 2010. The effect of alternate furrow irrigation under different nutritional element supplies on some agronomic traits and seed qualitative parameters in corn (Zea mays L.). J. Cereals and Oilseeds. 1(2): 17-23.
Olfati., M., M. J. Malakouti. and M. Balai. 2010. Determination potassium critical level for wheat in Iran, balanced nutrition. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization Pub.
Pandey, R. K., J. W. Marienville. and A. Adum. 2000. Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effect on maize in a Sahelian environment. I. Grain yield components. Agri. Water Manag. J. 46: 1-13.
Payero, J. O., D. D. Tarkalson, S. Irmak, D. Davison. and J. L. Petersen. 2009. Effect of timing of a deficit–irrigation allocation on corn evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency and dry mass. Agri. Water Manag. J. 96: 1387-1397.
Pervez, H., M. Ashraf. and M. I. Makhdum. 2004. Influence of potassium rates and sources on seed cotton yield and yield components of some elite cotton cultivars. J. Plant Nut. 27: 1295-317.
Ritchie, S. W. and J. J. Hanway. 1997. How a corn plant develops. Spec. Rep. No. 48. Iowa State Univ. Coop. Ext. Serv. Ames. USA.
Samsamipoor, M., P. Afrasiab, M. R. Emdad, M. Delbari. and F. Karandish. 2015. Evaluation of corn forage yield and yield components under alternate furrow irrigation. Iranian J. Soil and Water Res. 46(1): 11-18. (Abstract in English)
Savaghebi, Gh. and M. J. Malakouti. 1999. Interaction potassium and zinc on concentrations and nutrients uptake in wheat (I). Balanced nutrition. Agricultural Education. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization Publication.
Sepasi, Sh., K. Kelarastaghi. and H. Ebrahimi. 2012. Effects of different levels drought stress and plant density on yield and yield components of Corn (Zea mays, SC. 704). J. Crop Eco-physiology. 6(3): 279-288. (Abstract in English)
Sepaskhah, A. R. and M. H. Khajehabdollahi. 2005. Alternate furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals for maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Prod. Sci. J. 8(5): 592-600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.8.592.
Sinclair, T., R. D. M. Bennetto. and R. O. Muchow. 1990. Relative sensitivity of grain yield and biomass accumulation to drought in field grown maize. Crop Sci. J. 30: 690- 693.
Singh, V., A. Shukla. and M. Singh. 2015. Effect of site-specific nutrient management on yield, profit and apparent nutrient balance under pre-dominant cropping systems of upper genetic plains. Indian J. Agri. Sci. 85: 43–51.
Soltanbeigi, A. 2009. Effects of seeds priming with C.C.C. and irrigation cutting in different stages of growth and developments of corn cultivars. M.Sc. Thesis. Islamic Azad University. Khoy Branch. Khoy. Iran. 137 pp.
Tabatabaei, S., A. Shams, S. Shakeri. and M. R. Mirjalili. 2014. Effect of different levels of potassium sulphate on yield, yield components and protein content of wheat cultivars. Appl. Mathematics Eng. Manag. Tech. J. 2(3): 119-123.
Tagheian-aghdam, A., S. R. Hashemi, A. Khashei. and A. Shahidi. 2014. Effects of various irrigation treatments on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sweet Corn. Intl. Res. J. Appl. Basic Sci. 8(9): 1165-1173.
Valadabadi, A. D., D. Mazaheri. and A. Hashemi dezfooli. 2014. Study of effects of drought stress on quantitative and qualitative traits of corn. 7th Iranian Cong. Crop Produc. Plant Breed. Karaj. Iran. 436 pp. (Abstract in English)
Yang, C. M., M. J. Fan. and W. M. Hsiang. 1993. Growth and yield responses of maize (Zea mays L.) to water deficit timing and strength. J. Agri. Res. China. 42: 173-186.
Zafar, Z. U. and H. R. Athar. 2013. Reducing disease incidence of cotton leaf curl virus in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by potassium supplementation. Pak. J. Bot. 45: 1029-1038.
Zenselmeier, C., M. E. Westgate. and R. J. Jones. 1998. Kernel set at low water potential does not vary with source sink ratio in maize. Crop Sci. J. 35: 158-163.
