مقایسه اثرات استفاده از ایمونوپروپوفیت و آنتی‌بیوتیک بر عملکرد، میکروفلور روده و سیستم ایمنی جوجه گوشتی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه کیفیت و ماندگاری تولیدات کشاورزی و مواد غذایی

ایمان فدوی اردستانی ¹ (دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم دامی، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
مرتضی مهری ² (استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
فاطمه شیرمحمد ³ (استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/11/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/11/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01

کلید واژه: ایمونوپروفیت, عملکرد, جوجه گوشتی, سیستم ایمنی,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی امکان جایگزینی آنتی‌بیوتیک با مخلوطی از چند عصاره گیاهی در قالب محصولی به نام ایمونوپروپوفیت، آزمایشی با استفاده از 300 قطعه جوجه گوشتی راس 308 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 3 تیمار و 4 تکرار و 25 قطعه جوجه گوشتی در هر تکرار، به مدّت ۴۲ روز انجام شد. جیره‌های آزمایشی عبارت بودند از: جیره پایه، جیره پایه حاوی 02/0 درصد آنتی‌بیوتیک ویرجینیامایسین، و جیره پایه حاوی 1/0 درصد محلول ایمونوپروپوفیت به صورت محلول در آب. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل بین گروه‌های آزمایشی در دوره‌های 42-22 و 42-1 روزگی معنی‌دار بوده به طوری که استفاده از آنتی‌بیوتیک و ایمونوپروپوفیت سبب بهبود این فراسنجه‌ها نسبت به گروه کنترل شد (05/0P<). خوراک مصرفی در بین تیمارهای آزمایشی تفاوت معنی‌داری را نشان نداد. تحریک سیستم ایمنی به وسیله تیمارها در دو مرحله ارزیابی گردید و مشخص شد که عیار آنتی‌بادی علیه گلبول قرمز گوسفند و نیوکاسل در تیمارهای دارای آنتی‌بیوتیک و ایمونوپروپوفیت، به ترتیب در نوبت اول خونگیری و روز 42 بالاتر از تیمار شاهد بود (05/0P<). استفاده از آنتی‌بیوتیک و ایمونوپروپوفیت سبب کاهش معنی‌دار چربی محوطه شکمی‌ در مقایسه با تیمار کنترل شد (05/0P<). شمارش باکتری‌های دستگاه گوارش نیز حاکی از کاهش معنی‌دار جمعیت باکتری اشرشیاکلی و سالمونلای ایلئوسکال در جوجه‌های دریافت کننده ایمونوپروپوفیت بود (05/0P<). نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که ایمونوپروپوفیت را می‌توان بدون کاهش عملکرد، به عنوان جایگزین آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی به کار برد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to investigate the possibility of replacing antibiotics with a mixture of several plant extracts (Immunopropophyte), an experiment using 300 Ross 308 broilers in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 4 replications and 25 broilers per replication was performed for 42 days. Experimental diets were: basal diet, basal diet containing 0.02% of the antibiotic virginiamycin, and diets containing 0.1% of water-soluble immunopropophyte solution. The results showed that the difference in body weight and conversion ratio between the experimental groups in the periods of 22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days was significant so that the use of antibiotics and immunopropophytes improved these parameters compared to the control group (P<0.05). Feed intake did not show a significant difference between experimental treatments. Stimulation of the immune system by the treatments was evaluated in two stages and it was found that the antibody titer against SRBC and Newcastle in the treatments with antibiotics and immunopropophytes were higher than the control treatment (P<0.05). The use of antibiotics and immunopropophytes caused a significant reduction in abdominal fat compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). Immunopropophyte significantly decreased the bacterial population of E. coli and salmonella in ileocaecal part of broilers’ intestine (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that immunopropophytes can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in the diet of broilers without adversely affecting performance.

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