واکنش تعدادی از ارقام گندم، جو و تریتیکاله به نماتد سیستی غلات (Heterodera filipjevi) در شرایط مزرعه در استان خوزستان

محورهای موضوعی : گیاه پزشکی

علیرضا احمدی ¹ , زهرا تنها معافی ² , توفیق عبیات ³

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تاریخ دریافت : 1391/08/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1393/09/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1393/06/01

کلید واژه: خسارت, barley, triticale, Wheat, گندم, جو, تریتیکاله, Heterodera filipjevi, reaction,

چکیده مقاله :

نماتدهای سیستی غلات از مهم‌ترین نماتدهای خاکزی خسارت‌زای گندم و جو در جهان می‌باشند. گونه Heterodera filipjevi به طور وسیعی در مزارع گندم کشور گسترش دارد. در این مطالعه تأثیر گونه فوق بر روی تعدادی از ارقام متداول غلات در خوزستان، آزمایشی با چهار رقم گندم (چمران، ویریناک، یاواروس و بهرنگ)، یک رقم جو (زهک) و یک رقم تریتیکاله (ژانیلو) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 6 تیمار (شامل یک قطعه سمپاشی شده با نماتدکش آلدیکارب و یک قطعه سمپاشی نشده) در چهار تکرار در یک مزرعه با سابقه آلودگی به این گونه نماتد واقع در شهرستان رامشیر استان خوزستان درسال زراعی 88-1387 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از نماتدکش موجب افزایش شاخص‌های عملکرد دانه به میزان 73-31 درصد، وزن خشک ساقه به میزان 47-6 درصد، ارتفاع ساقه به میزان 21- 1 درصد و تعداد پنجه‌ به میزان 40-11 درصد در رقم‌های آزمایشی در مقایسه با شاهد بدون سم گردید. گونه H. filipjevi روی کلیه گیاهان آزمایشی تکثیر یافت ولی رقم‌های گندم دوروم نسبت به گندم‌های نان در مقابل نماتد میزبان مناسب‌تری بودند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Cereal cyst nematodes are one of the most important damaging nematodes of wheat and barley in the world. Heterodera filipjevi is widely distributed on wheat in Iran. In this study, an experiment was conducted with four wheat cultivars (Cvs. Chamran,Virinak,Yavarus and Behrang), barley (Cv. Zehak) and triticale (Cv. Janilo) in a randomized complete block design with 6 treatments (1 plot not sprayed and 1 plot sprayed with a nematicide as control) and four replications in a nematode infested wheat field in Ramshir region of Khuzestan province during growing season 2008-2009. The results indicated that usage of nematicide reduced grain yield, shoot dry weight, shoot height and tillering by 31-73, 6-47, 1-21 and 11-40 percent respectively as was compared to control. H. filipjevi was multiplied on the all plants in the test, 

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