نقش میانجی محیط همسایگی در تأثیر حمایت و فعالیت بدنی والدین بر فعالیت بدنی کودکان

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات جامعه شناسی ورزشی

نرگس اعظم نظامی ¹ (گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
علی زارعی ² (گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
فرشاد تجاری ³ (گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
سیدحمید سجادی هزاوه ⁴ (گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
فروغ محمدی ⁵ (گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/11/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/04/01

کلید واژه: فعالیت بدنی کودکان, محیط همسایگی, حمایت والدین, فعالیت بدنی والدین,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف:هدف ازپژوهش حاضربررسی نقش میانجی محیط همسایگی درتأثیرحمایت وفعالیت بدنی والدین برفعالیت بدنی کودکان بود. روش شناسی:این تحقیق به روش توصیفی همبستگی ومبتنی برمدلسازی معادلات ساختاری بود.جامعۀ آماری این تحقیق راکلیۀ دانش آموزان دختروپسر9 تا 11ساله شهرتهران و والدین آنها تشکیل دادند،که تعداد آنها 299610 نفر بودکه براساس جدول مورگان تعداد 384 نفرانتخاب و تعداد 400پرسشنامه به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی توزیع شد.دراین تحقیق از پرسشنامه های فعالیت بدنی برای کودکان کوالسکی وهمکاران(1997)، حمایت والدین ازفعالیت بدنی کودکان بیتز وهمکاران (2006)، سطح فعالیت بدنی والدین کرایگ و همکاران (2003) ومحیط همسایگی سالیس و همکاران (2010) استفاده شد.روایی صوری ومحتوایی و سازه به روش تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و پایایی به روش ضریب آلفای کرونباخ و برای تجزیه ‌وتحلیل داده ها از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با نسخۀ 2 نرم افزار اسمارت پی ال اس استفاده شد.یافته ها:نتایج نشان دادکه حمایت والدین(18.724=β=0.662، t)برفعالیت بدنی کودکان ،فعالیت بدنی والدین (12.235=β=0.486، t)برفعالیت بدنی کودکان ،حمایت والدین(12.139=β = 0.468، t)برمحیط همسایگی ،فعالیت بدنی والدین (13.673=β=0.572، t)برمحیط همسایگی و محیط همسایگی(29.026=β=0.766، t) بر فعالیت بدنی کودکان تأثیرمثبت ومعنی داری دارند.درنهایت ،نتایج به دست آمده ازآزمون سوبل وVAF نقش میانجی محیط همسایگی راتأئید و مدل تحقیق برازش مطلوب را نشان داد.نتیجه گیری :پیشنهاد میشود والدین و اعضای خانواده به‌ منظور پررنگ تر شدن نقش شان درمشارکت کودکان درفعالیت بدنی، با حمایت خودازطریق تدارک برنامه های گروهی وحضور در پارکها و اماکن ورزشی محلی به ویژه برای شرکت دربرنامه های ورزشی و تفریحی به همراه کودکان نقش محیط همسایگی رادرافزایش فعالیت بدنی کودکان توسعه دهند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

AbstractObjective : The main purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of the neighborhood environment in the effect of parental support and physical activity on children's physical activity.Methodology: This research was carried out as a descriptive - correlational work and based on structural equation modeling . The statistical population consisted of all male and female students aged 9 - 11 years in Tehran and their parents (n=299,610). In total , 384 were selected based on Morgan’s Table and 400 questionnaires were collected . The participants were selected through a random cluster- method. In this study, the physical activity questionnaires for children by K Kowalski et al. (1997), the parental support for physical activity by Beets et al. (2006), the level of physical activity by Craig et al. (2003), and the neighborhood environment by Sallis et al. (2010) were used as data gathering tools. Formal, content, and structure validity were obtained using the confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha method. For data analysis , SPSS software was used and for modeling structural equations Smart PLS (v.2) was used. Results : The results showed the positive and significant effects of parental support (β = 0.662, t = 18.724) on children's physical activity , parents' physical activity (β = 0.486, t = 12.235) on children's physical activity , parental support (β = 0.468, t = 12,139) on the neighborhood environment, parents' physical activity (β = 0.572, t = 13.673) on the neighborhood environment, and the neighborhood environment (β = 0.766, t= 29.026) on children's physical activity. Finally, the results of Sobel test and VAF confirmed the mediating role of the neighborhood environment and supported the optimal fit of the research model.Conclusion : Parents and family members must enhance their role in children's physical activities. Parents can improve the role of the neighborhood environment in increasing children's physical activity by planning group programs and attending parks and sports venues in the neighborhood. In particular, they can participate in sports and recreation programs with their children.

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