بررسی اثر لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم و مانان الیگوساکارید بر رشد و برخی فاکتورهای گوارشی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
محورهای موضوعی : مجله پلاسما و نشانگرهای زیستی
محمد حامد نجفی انفرادی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری شیلات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بندرعباس)
فلورا محمدی زاده
2
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بندرعباس)
مهدی سلطانی
3
(دانشگاه تهران)
امیر هوشنگ بحری
4
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بندرعباس)
نجمه شیخ زاده
5
(دانشگاه تبریز)
کلید واژه: آنزیمهای گوارشی, مانان الیگوساکارید, Oncorhynchus mykiss, رشد, لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم (Lactobacillus plantarum) و قند مانان الیگوساکارید(Mannan Oligosaccharides) بر رشد و برخی فاکتورهای گوارشی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان، تعداد 270 عدد ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان با میانگین وزنی 8/28 گرم به صورت کاملا تصادفی در قالب 6 تیمار مختلف پروبیوتیک، پری بیوتیک و سینبیوتیک و در 3 تکرار توزیع شدند. گروه پروبیوتیک در دو تیمار آزمایشی 3/0 و 5/0 گرم از باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم بر کیلوگرم غذا، گروه پری بیوتیک در یک تیمار آزمایشی به میزان 2 گرم مانان الیگوساکارید بر کیلوگرم غذا و گروه سینبیوتیک در دو تیمار (3/0 گرم باکتری مذکور به همراه 2 گرم مانان الیگوساکارید بر کیلوگرم غذا) و تیمار (5/0 گرم باکتری مذکور به همراه 2 گرم مانان الیگوساکارید بر کیلوگرم غذا) به مدت 45 روز غذادهی شدند. در پایان دوره آزمایش به منظور بررسی هر یک از شاخص های مورد مطالعه تعداد 15 عدد ماهی بطور کاملا تصادفی صید گردیده و با روش های مختلف زیست سنجی، کالری متری و بررسی میکروسکوپی مورد ارزیابی واقع شدند. پژوهش حاضر، افزایش معنادار فاکتورهای رشد و فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی را متعاقب مصرف باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس پلانتاروم در تیمارهای پروبیوتیک و سینبیوتیک در قیاس با تیمار شاهد نشان داد (P<0.05).
Inroduction & Objective: Growth and immunity resistance of fish are the most important factors in aquaculture. therefore, many types of research in probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for improving growth and immunity in fish have been studied in the last years. Materials and Methods: In this study, effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and MOSon growth performance, digestive enzymes activity and intestine morphology of Oncorhynchus mykiss were studied. Juvenile rainbow trout (n=270) in 6 administration groups in 18 tanks were kept and fed with diets containing different doses (0.3 and 0.5 g kg-1 feed) of the probiotic, (2 g kg-1 feed) of prebiotic, (0.3+2 and 0.5+ 2g kg-1 feed of probiotic and prebiotic respectively) and a control group for 45 days. Results: Results showed a positive effect on growth performance and digestive enzymes activity in probiotic (0.3 and 0.5 g kg-1 feed of probiotic) and synbiotic groups compared to the control group(p<0.05).
منابع
1.Akrami, R., Karimabadi, A., Mohammadzadeh H., Ahmadifar, E. (2010). Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide on growth performance, survival, body composition and salinity stress resistance in Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) fry stage. J. Mar. Sci. Technol., 8;47-57.
2.Al-Dohail, M.A., Hashim, R., Aliya-paiko, M. (2009). Effects of the probiotics, Lactobacillus acidiphilus, on the growth performance, hematology parameters and immunoglobulin concentration in African catfish fingerling. Aquaculture Research, 40; 1642-1652.
3.Aly, S. M., Ahmed, Y. A.-G., Ghareeb, A. A.-A., Mohamed, M. F. (2008). Studies on Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, as potential probiotics, on the immune response and resistance of Tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus) to challenge infections. Fish and Shell Fish Immunology, 25(1); 128-136.
4.Ayo Olalusi, CI., Mojekwu, T., Adeleke, TA., Bernard, E., Adejonwo, MO., Adeyemi, YB. (2014). Digestive enzymes assay and haematological profile of clarias gariepinus juveniles fed with probiotics supplemented diets. Plants and Agriculture Research, 1(4); 124-135.
5.Azevedo, R.V., J.C. Fosse-Filho, S.L., Pereira, D.R., Vidal-Júnior, M.V. (2016b). Prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic to Trichogaster leeri larvae. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec., 68(3); 795-804.
6.Bekcan, S., Dogankaya, L., Cakirogullari, G. C. (2006). Growth and body composition of European catfish, Silurus glanis (L.)fed diets containing different percentages of protein. The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 58; 137–142.
7.Bogut, I., Z. Milakovic, S. Brkic, Novoselic, D., Bukvic, Z. (2000). Effects of Enterococcus faecium on the growth rate and intestinal microflora in sheat fish (Silurus glanis). Vet. Med. Czech, 45; 107–109.
8.Bradford, M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem, 72; 248-254.
9.Burrel, C. (2001). Dietary nucleotides: a novel supplement in fish feeds 2. Effects on vaccination, salt water, growth rate and physiology of Atlantic salmon. Aquaculture, 8; 181-174.
10.Dawood, M,A,O., Magouz, F,I., Salem, M,F,I., Daim, H,A.A. (2019). Modulation of digestive enzyme activity, blood health, oxidative responses and growth-related gene expression in GIFT by heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum (L-137). Aquaculture, 505; 127-136.
11.Dehaghani, P. G., Baboli, M. J., Moghadam, A. T., Ziaei-Nejad, S., Pour- farhadi, M. (2015). Effect of synbiotic dietary supplementation on survival, growth performance, and digestive enzyme activities of com- mon carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 60; 224–232.
12.Dimitroglou, A., Merrifield, D.L., Moate, R., Davies, S.J., Spring, P., Sweetman, J. (2009). Dietary mannan oligosaccharide supplementation modulates intestinal microbial ecology and improves gut morphology of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. America Soc AnimSci, 87; 3226–3234.
13.Dimitroglou, A., Merrifield, D.L., Spring, P., Sweetman, J., Moate, R., Davies, S.J. (2010). Effects of mannan oligosaccharide(MOS) supplementation on growth performance, feed utilisation, intestinal histology and gut microbiota of gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata). Aquacult. 300; 182-188.
14.Duncan, D.B. (1955). Multiple range and multiple ‘F’ tests. Biometrics.
15.El-Haroun, E.R., Goda, A.M.A-S., Chowdury, M.A.K. (2006). Effect of dietary probiotic biogen supplementation as a growth promoter on growth performance and feed utilization of Nile Tilapia. Aquaculture Research, 37; 1473-1480.
16.Erlanger, B., Kokowsky, N., Cohen, W. (1961). The preparation and propertion of two new chromogenic substrates of trypsin. Arch. Biochem. Biophys, 95; 271-278.
17.Garcia-Carreno, F.L., Haard, N. (1993). Characterization of proteinase classes in langostilla(Pleuroncodes planipes) and crayfish(Pacifastacus astacus) extract. J Food Biochem, 17; 97-113.
18.Genc, M.A., Yilmaz, E., Genc, E. (2006). Mannan-oligosaccharides added to the eating catfish(Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822))growth, intestinal and liver histology effects. J. Fish Aquatic Sci., 23; 37-41.
19.Geovany, G.R., Luis, B.J., Shem, M. (2007). Probiotic activity of aeromonas media on the pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) when challenged with Vibrio tubiashii. Aquaculture, 169; 111-120.
20.Giri, S.S., Sukumaram,V., Oviya, M. (2013). Potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum VGS3 improve the growth, immunity and disease resistance of tropical freshwater fish, Labeo rohita. Fish and shellfish Immunology, 34(2); 660-666.
21.Gisbert, E., Castillo, M., Skalli, A., Andree, K.B., Badiola, I. (2014). Bacillus cereus var: toyol promotes growth, affects the histological organization and microbiota of intestinal mucosa in rainbow trout fingerlings. J. Anim.Sci., 91; 2766-2774.
22.Gultepe, N., Salnur, S., Hossu, B., Hisar, O. (2010). Dietary supplementation with Mannan oligosaccharides(MOS) from Bio-Mos enhances growth parameters and digestive capacity of gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata). Aquaculture Nutr, 17(5); 482-487.
23.Harikrishnan, R., Kim, M.C., Kim, J.S., Balasundaram, C., Heo, M.S. (2011). Probiotics and herbal mixtures enhance the growth, blood constituents, and nons-pecific immune response in Paralichthys olivaceus against Streptococcus parauberis. Fish Shellfish Immunol., 31(2); 310-317.
24.Hoseinifar, S.H., Eshaghzadeh, H., Vahabzadeh, H., Mana, N.P. (2015). Modulation of growth performances, survival, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal microbiota in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) larvae using short chain fructooligosaccharide. Aquacult. Res., doi: 10.1111/are. 12777.
25.Lemieux, H., Blier, P., Dutil, J.D. (1999). Do digestive enzymes set a physiological limit on growth rate and food conversion efficiency in the Atlantic cod(Gadus morhua)? Fish Physiology abd Biochemistry, 20; 293-303.
26.Leilie, Y., Zhai, Q., Zhu, J., Zhang, C,C., Li, T., Liu, X. (2017). Ecotoxicology and Environmental. Safety, 143; 307-314.
27.Li, Y., Liu, H., Dai, X., Li, J., Ding, F. (2018). Effects of dietary inulin and mannan oligosaccharide on immune related genes expression and disease resistance of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 76; 78-92
28.Mahious, A.S., Ollevier, F. (2005). Probiotics and prebiotics in aquaculture: review. 1st regional workshop on techniques for enrichment of live food for use in larviculture. AAARC, pp. 17-26 (Urmia, Iran).
29.Merrifield, D.L., Harper, G.M., Dimitroglou, A., Ringo, E., Davies, S.J. (2010). Possible influence of probiotic adhesion to intestinal mucosa on the activity and morphology of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) enterocytes. Aquac. Res, 41; 1268-1272.
30.Najdegerami, E.H., Ngoc-Tran, T., Defoirdt, T., Marzorati, M., Sorgeloos, P., Boon N. (2011). Effects of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate(PHB) on siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) fingerlings performance and its GI tract microbial community. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 79; 25–33.
31.Nan, B., Min, Gu., Xiaojie, Xu., Bingying, Xu., Ashild, K. (2017). Protective effects of mannan oligosaccharides on turbot Scophthalmus maximus suffering from soy enteropathy. Aquaculture, 476; 141-151.
32.Nguyen, N., Onoda, S., Khanh, T,V., Hai, P,D., Trung, N,T., Koshio, S. (2019). Evaluation of dietary heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum strain L-137 supplementation on growth performance, immunity and stress resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture, 498; 371-379.
33.Nya, E.J., Austin, B. (2011). Dietary modulation of digestive enzymes by the administration of feed additives to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17; e459–e466.
34.Pararat, N., Pinpimai, K., Endo, M., Katagiri, T., Ponpompisit, A., Chansue, N. (2011). Modulation of intestinal morphology and immunity in Nile tilapia by Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Res. Vet. Sci., 91(3); 92-97.
35.Pryor, G.S., Royes, J.B., Chapman, F.A. and Miles, R.D. (2003). Mannan oligosaccharides in fish nutrition: Effects of dietary supplementation on growth and gastrointestinal villi structure in gulf of mexico sturgeon. North America J. Aquacult, 65; 106-111.
36.Razeghi, M.M., Akrami, R., Ghobadi, S.H., Denji, K.A., Ezatrahimi, N., Gharaei, A. (2012). Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide(MOS) on growth performance, survival, body composition and some hematological parameters in giant sturgeon juvenile(Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754). Fish Physiol. Biochem., 38; 829-835.
37.Ringo, E., Myklebust, R., Mayhew, T. M., Olsen, R. E. (2007). Bacterial translocation and pathogenesis in the digestive tract of larvae and fry. Aquaculture, 268; 251–264.
38.Sado, R.J., Bicudo, A.J.D.A., Cyrino, J.E.P. (2008). Feeding dietary mannanoligosaccharid to juvenile nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus), has no effect on hematological parameters and showed decreased feed consumption. J World Aquacult Soc., 39; 821-826.
39.Salze, G., E. McLean, Schwarz, M.H., Craig, S.R. (2008). Dietary mannan oligosaccharide enhances salinity tolerance and gut development of larval cobia. Aquaculture, 274(1); 148-152.
40.Sakai, M. (1999). Current research status of fish immunostimulants. Aquaculture, 172; 63-92.
41.Schwarz, K.K., Furuya, W.M., Natali, M.R.M., Gaudezi, C., Lima, P.A.G. (2011). Mannanoligosaccharides in diets for tilapia larvae. Rev. Bras. Zootec., 40(12); 2634-2640.
42.Shenavar Masouleh, A. (2013). Characterization of Lactic acid bacteria in intestine of persian sturgeon(Acipenser persicus) fingelings and their efficiency on the growth performances and some immunophysiological variable. Thesis submitted for Degree of Ph.D. Faculty of Aquatic Animal Health Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran .140 p.
43.Sinha, G.M., Chakrabarti, P. (1985). On topological characteristics of the mucosal surface in the buccopharynx and intestine of an Indian freshwater major carp, Catla catla: a light and scanning electron microscopic study. Zool. J. Biol. (Anat.), 113; 375–389.
44.Soares, M,P., Oliviera, F,C., Cardoso, I,L., Urbianty, E,C., Campos, C,m., Hisano, H. (2018). Glucan-MOS® improved growth and innate immunity in pacu stressed and experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 73; 133-140.
45.Son, V.M., Chang, C.C.,Wu, M.C., Gu, Y.K., Chiu, C.H. (2009). Dietaryadministration of the probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum enhanced the growth, innate immune responses, and disease resistance of the grouper(Epinephelus coioides). Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 26; 691-698.
46.Staykov, Y., Spring, P., Denev, S., Sweetman, J. (2007). Effect of mannan oligosaccharide on the growth performance and immune status of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Int., 15; 153-161.
47.Suzer, C., Coban, D., Okan Kamaci, H., Saka, S., Firat, K., Otgucuoglu, O. (2008). Lacto bacillus Spp. Bacteria as probiotics in gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata) larvae: effect on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities. Aquaculture, 280; 140-145.
48.Torrecillas, S., Makol, A., Caballero, D., Robaina, L., Real, F., Sweetman, J. (2007). Immune stimulation and improved infection resistance in european sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax) fed mannan oligosaccharides. Fish Shellfish Immunol., 23; 969-981.
49.Valipour, A., Nedaei, S., Noori, A., Khanipour, A,A., Hoseinifar, S.H. (2019). Dietary Lactobacillus plantarum affected on some immune parameters, air-exposure stress response, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzyme activity and performance of narrow clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus, Eschscholtz). Aquaculture, 504; 121-130.
50.Venkat, H.K., Narottam, P.S., Jain, K.K. (2004). Effect of feeding Lacto bacillus-based probiotics on the gut micro flora, growth and survival of post larvae of macrobrachium rosenberii. Aquaculture research, 35; 501-507.
51.Wang, T., Cheng, Y., Chen, X., Liu, Z., Long, X. (2017),. Effects of small peptides, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on growth performance, digestive enzymes, and oxidative stress in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides, juveniles reared in artificial seawater. Chin. J. Oceanol. Limno 35; 89–97.
52.Wache, Y., Auffray, F., Gatesoupe, F. J., Zambonino, J., Gayet, V., Labbe, L. (2006). Cross effects of the strain of dietary Saccharomyces cerevisiae and rearing conditions on the onset of intestinal microbiota and digestive enzymes in rainbow trout, Onchorhynchus mykiss, fry. Aquaculture, 258; 470–478.
53.Welker, T.L., Lim, C., Yildirim-Aksoy, M., Shelby, R., Klesius, P.H. (2007). Immune response and resistance to stress and Edwardsiella ictaluri challenge in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, fed diets containing commercial whole-cell yeast or yeast subcomponents. J. World Aquaculture Soc., 38; 24 –35.
54.Yilmaz, E., Genc, MA., Genc, E. (2007). Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides on growth, body composition, and intestine and liver histology of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Isr. J. Aquacult. Bamidgeh., 59;182–188.
55.Ziaei-Nejad, S., Rezaei, M.H., Takami, G.A., Lovett, D.L., Mirvaghefi, A.R., Shakouri, M. (2006). The effect of Bacillusspp. bacteria used as probiotics on digestive enzyme activity, survival and growth in the Indian white shrimp Fennero penaeus indicus. Aquaculture, 252; 516–524.
_||_