نقش توزیع مکانی واحدهای هیدرولوژیکی حوضه بر تغییرات دبی اوج سیلاب با استفاده از مدل هیدرولوژیکیHEC-HMS (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبخیز صفارود)
محورهای موضوعی : برنامه های کاربردی در مدیریت منابع آبمرتضی شاهدی 1 , غلامرضا نبی بیدهندی 2
1 - پژوهشگاه مهندسی بحران طبیعی
2 - استاد گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایرانان
کلید واژه: حوضه آبخیز صفارود, بهینه‌سازی عملیات, کنترل سیل, آبخیزداری, مدل HEC-HMS,
چکیده مقاله :
با توجه به تغییرات عمده در کاربری زمین و همچنین تغییرات اقلیمی طی چند دهه اخیر مدیریت سیلاب از نقش عمده ای در مدیریت منابع آب برخوردار است. هدف اصلی تحقیق حاضر بررسی نقش توزیع مکانی واحدهای هیدرولوژیکی حوضه آبخیز صفارود بر تغییرات دبی اوج سیلاب با استفاده از مدل هیدرولوژیکیHEC-HMS میباشد. برای این منظور ابتدا توزیع مکانی زیرحوضه‌ها با استفاده از نقشه سطوح هم‌پیمایش در سطح منطقه تعیین گردید. سپس با استفاده از نقشه سیل‌خیزی و مدل هیدرولوژیکی HEC-HMS، رفتار زیرحوضه‌های واقع در هر سطح هم پیمایش براساس سیلاب طراحی با دوره بازگشت صد ساله مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. با حذف اثر هیدرولوژیکی زیرحوضه‌های یاد شده در هر سطح هم‌پیمایش، هیدروگراف سیلاب خروجی شبیه‌سازی گردید. بررسی نتایج نشان می‌دهد زیرحوضه های سطح هم پیمایش 1 و 2 واقع در خروجی حوضه صفارود با شاخص 67/0 و 78/0 دارای کمترین تاثیر و در مقابل زیرحوضه های واقع در سطح 4 با شاخص 10/1 دارای بیشترین تاثیر بر دبی اوج سیلاب خروجی از حوضه میباشند. میزان تغییرات ایجاد شده در ناحیه میانی و مناطق بالاتر، ناشی از شکل حوضه در تلفیق با شدت سیل‌خیزی میباشد. با توجه به نتایج ذکر شده توصیه میگردد جهت کاهش هزینه های اجرایی کنترل سیلاب در حوضه آبخیز صفارود تمرکز عملیات اجرایی در مناطق اولویت‌بندی شده شامل زیرحوضه های بالاتر و همچنین میانی قرار گیرد.
Due to the significant variations in land control, also regional changes, in recent several decades, floodwater management has attained a vital importance, from the view of water sources management. The aim of this recent research is to study the role of local distribution Aquifer laver hydraulic units of Safaarood on floodwater climax, by utilization HEC-HMS Hydraulic Model. In order to obtain such a purpose, at first, local distribution of under of lavers was estimated, through the amount of its occurrences Flood & HEC-HMS hydraulic Model, co scaling surfaces map according to region level. Then, by using the map of occurrences Flood and HEC-HMS hydraulic Model, the behavior of sub of lavers bestead in every co scaling surfaces, according to floodwater designed, and at the end, along centenary recursion course was discussed. Through elimination of effect of mentioned sub lavers on each co scaling levels, hydrography of exiting floodwater was stimulated. The results showed that sub lavers levels 1 & 2, located on Safaarood laver exiting with index of 67% and 78% had the least impact, and instead, sub lavers level 4 with index of 1.10% had the most impact on exiting floodwater climax of laver. The amount of created variabilities in median region and superior regions resulted from the figure of laver, on compilation with occurrences flood severity. According to above mentioned issues, recommended that, in order to reduce administrative costs, centralization of administrative operation of Safaarood laver floodwater management on all of the regions, including median and superior regions should be prioritized.
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