اثربخشی واقعیت درمانی بر سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق و معنای زندگی در زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار شهر اصفهان
محورهای موضوعی : خانوادهفاطمه شهسواری 1 , مریم انصاری 2 , نیلا علمی منش 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران. ایران.
2 - استادیارگروه علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران. ایران
3 - دانشیارگروه علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور. تهران. ایران
کلید واژه: واقعیّت درمانی, سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق, معنای زندگی, زنان مطلقه.,
چکیده مقاله :
طلاق و سازگاری زندگی پس از آن برای زنان سرپرست خانواده همواره با مشکلاتی همراه بوده که نیاز به حمایت های اجتماعی و مداخله های درمانی برای بهبود سازگاری و معنای زندگی آنان دارد. لذا هدف از این پژوهش تعیین اثربخشی واقعیّت درمانی بر سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق و معنای زندگی در زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار بود. روش پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیّه زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار مراجعه کننده به مرکز مشاوره مداخله در بحران سازمان بهزیستی شهر اصفهان در سال 1400 بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری در دسترس تعداد30 نفر از آنان انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. به منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه‌های سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق (Fisher, 1976) و معنای زندگی (Steger, 2010) استفاده شد. گروه آزمایش تحت آموزش هشت جلسه گروهی 45 دقیقه‌ای واقعیّت درمانی گلاسر (Glasser, 2011) قرار گرفتند.گروه کنترل در طیّ این زمان هیچ گونه مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری با نرم‌افزار spss22 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد واقعیّت درمانی بر بهبود سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق (05/0≥ P) و بهبود معنای زندگی (05/0≥ P) زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار اثربخش بوده است. این درمان برمؤلفه‌های سازگاری از جمله احساس خودارزشی، رهاشدگی از رابطه قبلی و احساس خشم تأثیر داشت ولی در مؤلفه‌های سوگ، صمیمّت اجتماعی و خودارزشی اجتماعی تأثیری نداشت. همچنین بر مؤلفه‌های معنای زندگی، حضور و جستجو تأثیرگذار بوده است. بطوریکه سبب بهبود عملکرد آن ها در رویارویی با مشکلات زندگی پس از طلاق گردیده است.
Divorce and life adjustment after it have always been associated with problems in divorced head of household women that require to social supports and therapeutic interventions to improve their adjustment and meaning of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of reality therapy on life adjustment after divorce and meaning of life in divorced head of household women. The research method was quasi-experimental with the pre/post – test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all divorced head of household women referred to Crisis intervention counseling center of Isfahan city welfare organization in year 1400, Thirty of them were selected through convenient sampling and randomly assigned in two experimental and control groups. In order to collect datathe Fisher divorce adjustment and the Stagger meaning of life questionnaires were used. The experimental group underwent training in eight 45-minute group sessions of Glasser reality therapy. The control group did not receive any intervation during this time. The data were analysed using multivariate covariance analysis through spss22 software. The results showed that reality therapy was effective in improving the life adjustmen (P≤0/05) and the meaning of life (P≤0/05) in divorced head of household women. This therapy was effective in the sub scales of adjustment including feeling of self worth, disentanglement from relationship and feeling of self anger but it was not effective in sub scales of symptoms of grief, rebuilding social trust and social self worth. Also it was effective in the meaning of life sub scales, presence and search. So that it has led to the improvement of their performance to encounter with the problems of life after divorce.
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