اثربخشی واقعیت درمانی بر سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق و معنای زندگی در زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار شهر اصفهان
الموضوعات :فاطمه شهسواری 1 , مریم انصاری 2 , نیلا علمی منش 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد روان شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران. ایران.
2 - استادیارگروه علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران. ایران
3 - دانشیارگروه علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور. تهران. ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: واقعیّت درمانی, سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق, معنای زندگی, زنان مطلقه.,
ملخص المقالة :
طلاق و سازگاری زندگی پس از آن برای زنان سرپرست خانواده همواره با مشکلاتی همراه بوده که نیاز به حمایت های اجتماعی و مداخله های درمانی برای بهبود سازگاری و معنای زندگی آنان دارد. لذا هدف از این پژوهش تعیین اثربخشی واقعیّت درمانی بر سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق و معنای زندگی در زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار بود. روش پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیّه زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار مراجعه کننده به مرکز مشاوره مداخله در بحران سازمان بهزیستی شهر اصفهان در سال 1400 بود که با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری در دسترس تعداد30 نفر از آنان انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. به منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از پرسشنامه‌های سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق (Fisher, 1976) و معنای زندگی (Steger, 2010) استفاده شد. گروه آزمایش تحت آموزش هشت جلسه گروهی 45 دقیقه‌ای واقعیّت درمانی گلاسر (Glasser, 2011) قرار گرفتند.گروه کنترل در طیّ این زمان هیچ گونه مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری با نرم‌افزار spss22 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد واقعیّت درمانی بر بهبود سازگاری زندگی پس از طلاق (05/0≥ P) و بهبود معنای زندگی (05/0≥ P) زنان مطلقه سرپرست خانوار اثربخش بوده است. این درمان برمؤلفه‌های سازگاری از جمله احساس خودارزشی، رهاشدگی از رابطه قبلی و احساس خشم تأثیر داشت ولی در مؤلفه‌های سوگ، صمیمّت اجتماعی و خودارزشی اجتماعی تأثیری نداشت. همچنین بر مؤلفه‌های معنای زندگی، حضور و جستجو تأثیرگذار بوده است. بطوریکه سبب بهبود عملکرد آن ها در رویارویی با مشکلات زندگی پس از طلاق گردیده است.
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