پیش بینی بخشش بر اساس باور به دنیای عادلانه/ ناعادلانه با ميانجي¬گری عواطف خودآگاه درجمعیت مراجعه کنندگان به خانه¬های سلامت شهر کرج

محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی

طاهره جولانیان ¹ , هایده صابری ² , سیمین بشردوست ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی عمومی، دانشکده روانشناسی وعلوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی رودهن، رودهن، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی وعلوم اجتماعی واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی وعلوم اجتماعی واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/09/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/10/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/12/12

کلید واژه: بخشش, باور به دنیای عادلانه/ ناعادلانه, عواطف خودآگاه, جمعیت مراجعه کنندگان به خانه¬های سلامت شهر کرج,

چکیده مقاله :

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش میانجی­گری عواطف خودآگاه بین باور به دنیای عادلانه/ ناعادلانه با بخشش انجام شد. طرح پژوهش توصیفی بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 411 نفر به شیوه نمونه­گیری تصادفی از جمعیت مراجعه کنندگان به خانه­های سلامت شهر کرج در سال 1397 بودند و به پرسشنامه­های باور به دنیای عادلانه (Rubin & Peplau, 1973) سومین نسخه تجدید نظرشده مقیاس عاطفه خودآگاهی برای بزرگسالان (Tangney, Dearing, Wagner & Gramazow, 2000) و مقیاس بخشش  (Rye, Loiacono, Folk, Olszewski, Heim & Madia, 2001) پاسخ دادند. برای تحلیل نتایج با استفاده از تحلیل مسیر توسط برنامه AMOS اثرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم متغیرها، بدست آمد یافته­ها نشان دادکه باور به دنیای عادلانه/ ناعادلانه به صورت معنادار بخشش را پیش­بینی می­کند و ضریب مسیر غیر مستقیم بین باور به دنیای عادلانه و بخشش مثبت و معنادار بود(01/0> P  ،055/0=β) و این نشان دهنده نقش میانجی‌گری عواطف خودآگاه است. مدل مفهومی پژوهش با استفاده از داده­ها تایید شد و شاخص­های برازش مدل تاییدی بر این امر است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان دادکه باور به دنیای عادل منجر به بازسازی شناختی می­شود و به این ترتیب به عنوان یک سازوکار مقابله­ای عمل می‌کند و به عنوان یک برونداد رفتاری مثبت، می­تواند حاصل تعامل ساختاری باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-conscious emotions between believing in a just / unjust world and forgiveness. The research design was descriptive. The sample consisted of 411 people randomly sampled from the population of health centers in Karaj in 1397 and the questionnaire of belief in a just world (Rubin & Peplau, 1973) the third revised version of the Self-awareness Emotion Scale for Adults (Tangney) , Dearing, Wagner & Gramazow, 2000) and the Forgiveness Scale (Rye, Loiacono, Folk, Olszewski, Heim & Madia, 2001). To analyze the results using path analysis by AMOS program, direct and indirect effects of variables were obtained. The results showed that belief in a fair / unfair world significantly predicts forgiveness and indirect path coefficient between belief in a fair world and positive forgiveness. And was significant (P <0.01, β = 0.055) and this indicates the mediating role of conscious emotions. The conceptual model of the research was confirmed using the data and the indicators of the model fit the confirmation of this. The results of this study show that belief in a just world leads to cognitive reconstruction and thus acts as a coping mechanism and as a positive behavioral output, can be the result of structural interaction.

منابع و مأخذ:

Amani, Malatyat-Shiri, Ismail-Rajabi, Saeed. (2013). The role of emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence in predicting students' forgiveness. Journal of Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, Volume 15, Number 1, pp. 2-4. [Persian].
Backus, L. N. (2009). Establishing the link between desecration forgiveness and Marital quality during pregnancy. Master of art dissertation, graduate college of Bowliny green state university.
Baharlahore, Hurriyya-Sabahi, Parviz and Rafieinia, Parvin. (2017). A Comparison of Attribution and Belief Styles in a Just World between Neurotic, Extraverted, and Normal Individuals. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences Research, Volume 7, Number 1, pp. 35-50. [Persian].
Brannan, D., Davis, A., Biswas-Diener, R. (2016). The Science of Forgiveness: Examining the Influence of Forgiveness on Mental Health A2 - Friedman, Howard S Encyclopedia of Mental Health. Oxford: Academic Press.
Bartholomaeus, J., Strelan, P. (2016). Just world beliefs and forgiveness: The mediating role of implicit theories of relationships. Personality and Individual Differences, 96, 106-110.
Bell, C. M., Davis, D. E., Griffin, B. J., Ashby, J. S., & Rice, K. G. (2017). The promotion of self-forgiveness, responsibility, and willingness to make reparations through a workbook intervention. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(6), 571–578.
Blackie, L. E., Roepke, A. M., Hitchcott, N., & Joseph, S. (2016). Can people experience posttraumatic growth after committing violent acts?. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 22(4), 409.
Callan, M. J., Shead, N. W., Olson, J. M. (2009). Fore going the labor for the fruits: The effect of just world threat on the desire for immediate monetary rewards. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 246-249.
Carpenter, T. P., Tignor, S. M., Tsang, J.A., Willett, A. (2016). Dispositional self-forgiveness, guilt- and shame-proneness, and the roles of motivational tendencies. Personality and Individual Differences, 98(Supplement C), 53-61.
Donat, M., Umlauft, S., Dalbert, C., Kamble, S. V. (2012). Belief in a just world, teacher justice, and bullying behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 38, 185-193.
Else-Quest, N. M., Higgins, A., Allison, C., Morton, L. C. (2012). Gender differences in self-conscious emotional experience: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull, 138(5), 947-981.
Enright, R. D., Fitzgibbons, R. P. (2015). Forgiveness therapy: An empirical guide for resolving anger and restoring hope. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
Golparvar, Mohsen; Akbari, Mohammad. (1388). Belief in a just and unjust world (looking at differences of opinion in terms of demographic variables). Journal of Psychology and Religion, No. 4, pp. 142-119. [In Persian].
Golparvar, Mohsen-Barazadeh, Amin; Javadian, Zahra. (2014). The Relationship Between the Big Five Personality Factors with Beliefs in the Fair World and Beliefs for Justice. Journal of Clinical and Personality Psychology, Volume 1, Number 2, pp. 2-4.[Persian].
Golparvar, Mohsen-Barazadeh, Amin; Javadian, Zahra. (2014). The Relationship of the Big Five Personality Factors with Beliefs in the Fair and Unfair World and Beliefs for Justice. Quarterly Journal of Clinical and Personality Psychology, Volume 10, Number 2, pp. 2-1. [Persian].
Golparvar, Mohsen; Javadi, Sara. (2007). The Relationship between Fair World Beliefs for Self and Others with Mental Health Indices: A Structural Equation Model. Journal of the Principles of Mental Health, Vol. 1, No. 32-31, pp. 122-109. [Persian].
Hamidipour, Rahim; Sanaei Zaker, Bagher-Nazari, Ali Mohammad-Farahani, Mohammad Taghi. (2009). The effect of forgiveness-based group couple therapy on marital satisfaction. Journal of Social Psychological Studies in Women, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 73-49. [Persian].
Kaleta, K., Mróz, J. (2018). Forgiveness and life satisfaction across different age groups in adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 120(Supplement C), 17-23.
Louden, G.M., Gerber, ED.S. (2008). Group forgiveness intervention for adult male homeless individuals: effects on forgiveness, rumination, Texas at san Antonio University.
Langman, L., Chung, M. C. (2013). The relationship between forgiveness, spirituality, traumatic guilt and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among people with addiction. Psychiatr Q, 84(1), 11-26.
Nudelman, G., Nadler, A. (2017). The effect of apology on forgiveness: Belief in a just world as a moderator. Personality and Individual Differences, 116(Supplement C), 191-200.
Rindfleisch, J. A. (2018). Chapter 99 - Forgiveness A2- Rakel, David Integrative Medicine (Fourth Edition) (pp. 940-944.e941): Elsevier.
Rubin, Z., Peplau, L. A. (1973). Belief in a just world and reactions to another's lot: A study of participants in the national draft lottery. Journal of Social Issues, 29(4), 73-93.
Roshan Chasley, Rasul; Perfume of perfume, Mahdieh; (2007). Validation and Reliability of the "Third Revised Version of Adult Self-Awareness Scale" (TOSCA-3). Journal of Clinical Psychology and Personality-Daneshvar Ex Behavior, Volume 25, Number 1, pp. 46-31. [Persian].
Rye, M. S., Loiacono, D. M., Folk, C. D., Olszewski, B. T., Heim, T. A., Madia, B. P. (2001). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of two forgiveness scales. Current Psychology: Development. Learning Personality, 20, 260-277.
Sutton, R. M., Stoeber, J., & Kamble, S. V. (2017). Belief in a just world for oneself versus others, social goals, and subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 113, 115-119.
Strelan, P., Sutton, R. M. (2011). When just-world beliefs promote and when they inhibit forgiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(2), 163-168.
Stuewig, J., Heigel, C., Harty, L., Mccloskey, L. (2010). Shaming blaming and maiming: functional links among the moral emotions, externalization of blame and aggression. Journal of Research in Personality, 44, 91-102
Tangney, J. P., Dearing, R. L., Wagner, P. E., Gramazow, R. (2000) The Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3 (TOSCA-3). George Mason University, Fairfax, VA.
Woodyatt, L., Wenzel, M., & de Vel-Palumbo, M. (2017). Working through psychological needs following transgressions to arrive at self-forgiveness. In Handbook of the psychology of self-forgiveness (pp. 43-58). Springer, Cham.
White, C., Baimel, A., & Norenzayan, A. (2017). What are the causes and consequences of belief in karma?. Religion, Brain & Behavior, 7(4), 339-342.