پیش‌بینی استرس و فرسودگی شغلی بر اساس ویژگی‌های شخصیتی پرستاران
محورهای موضوعی : تربیتی
محمد سعید احمدی
1
(عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه فرهنگیان، زنجان، ایران)
کلید واژه: ویژگی‌های شخصیتی, استرس شغلی, پرستاران, فرسودگی شغلی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف پیش‌بینی استرس و فرسودگی شغلی براساس ویژگی‌های شخصیتی در پرستاران انجام شد. روش مطالعه، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی است. جامعۀ آماری همۀ پرستاران مشغول به کار در بیمارستان‌های شهر تهران در سال 1393 بودند. نمونۀ مورد نظر 300 پرستار است که به روش تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣۀ ﻓﺮﺳﻮدﮔﻲ ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻣﺴﻠﺶ (1986)، نسخۀ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎمۀ ویژگی‌های پنج عاملی شخصیتی ﻧﺌﻮ (ﻣﻚﻛﺮا و ﻛﺎﺳﺘﺎ، 1992) و پرسشنامۀ استرس شغلی مؤسسۀ سلامت و ایمنی انگلستان (1990) است. یافته‌ها نشان داد که ویژگی‌های شخصیتی روان‌رنجوری، توافق‌پذیری، باوجدان بودن، برونگرایی و انعطاف‌پذیری پیش‌بینی‌کنندۀ استرس شغلی و فرسودگی شغلی در پرستاران است (001/0P≤). بنابراین می‌توان گفت ویژگی‌های شخصیتی نقش مهمی در مقابله با استرس شغلی و فرسودگی شغلی پرستاران دارد.
The purpose of this research was to determine the role of personality characteristics in predicting job stress and burnout in nurses. The research method was correlational-descriptive. The population of the study consisted of all nurses working at hospitals in Tehran. The sample comprised 300 nurses selected randomly. The instruments were Maslach Burnout Inventory (1986), the Short Form Costa and McCrae Neo-Personality Inventory (1992) and Job Stress Questionnaire developed by the Institute for Health and Safety Execution (1990). The findings indicated that neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness can predict nurses’ job stress and burnout (P<0.001). So it can be found from the research findings that the personality characteristics can play an important role in coping with job stresses and burnout for nurses.
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