بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی و جمعیت گیاهی برانتقال مجدد مواد و عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام گندم آبی
محورهای موضوعی : زراعتعزت اله نباتی 1 , امین فرنیا 2 , مجتبی جعفرزاده کنارسری 3 , شهرام نخجوان 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه كشاورزي، دانشكده كشاورزي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بروجرد، بروجرد، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه كشاورزي، دانشكده كشاورزي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بروجرد، بروجرد، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه كشاورزي، دانشكده كشاورزي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بروجرد، بروجرد، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه كشاورزي، دانشكده كشاورزي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد بروجرد، بروجرد، ایران
کلید واژه: تراکم, تنش, رقم, عملکرد و گندم,
چکیده مقاله :
بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی و جمعیت گیاهی بر انتقال مجدد مواد و عملکرد و برخی اجزای عملکرد ارقام گندم در تحقیقات کشاورزی بروجرد و دورود واقع در استان لرستان در سال زراعی 1398-99 انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با آرایش اسپلیت فاکتوریل درسه تکرار انجام شد. تنش خشکی با سه سطح (شاهد، آبیاری تا گلدهی و آبیاری تا مرحله شیری خمیری) به عنوان عامل اصلی و تراکم بوته (300، 400، 500 و 600 در متر مربع) و رقم (بهاران و میهن) عامل‌های فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد سطوح تنش خشکی، تراکم بوته و رقم بر اجزای عملکرد دانه و همچنین اثر متقابل تنش-تراکم بوته بر طول سنبله معنی دار شدند. اثر متقابل مکان-تنش-رقم بر ارتفاع بوته، طول سنبله و وزن هزار دانه معنی دار شد بطوریکه بالاترین میزان ارتفاع بوته در تیمار آبیاری تا مرحله شیری خمیری و رقم میهن در بروجرد حاصل شد. طول سنبله در آبیاری تا مرحله گلدهی و تراکم 600 بوته بیشتر از سایر تیمارهای آزمایش بود. بالاترین تعداد پنجه در بوته در تیمار شاهد بود. بالاترین وزن هزار دانه در رقم میهن و در سطح آبیاری کامل در منطقه دورود و بالاترین میزان عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت نیز در آبیاری کامل حاصل شد. در تنش شیری خمیری دانه و تراکم 400 دانه در متر مربعُ بیش‌ترین عملکرد مربوط به رقم بهاران بود.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of drought stress and plant population on re-transfer of materials and yield and some yield components of wheat cultivars in Dorud and Boroujerd regions located in Lorestan province in the crop year 2019-20. The experiment was performed as a factorial split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Drought stress treatment (in three levels of control, irrigation to flowering and irrigation to milk development) was plant density treatments (300, 400, 500 and 600 plants per square meter) and cultivar (Mihan and Baharan) were stand in sub plots. The results showed that drought stress, density and cultivar treatments had an effect on grain yield components and the interaction effect of stress * plant density on spike length and leaf area was significant. Also, the interaction effect of location * stress * cultivar on plant height, spike length and 1000-seed weight was significant. The highest plant height was obtained in irrigation treatment up to the milk development stage and Mihan cultivar cultivated in Boroujerd. The spike length in irrigation treatment up to flowering stage and at the level of 600 plants / m2 was higher than other experimental treatments. The highest number of spike per plant was in the control treatment. The highest 1000-seed weight was obtained in Mihan cultivar at the level of complete irrigation treatment in Dorud region and the highest grain yield was obtained in full irrigation treatment.
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