تحلیل فضایی مولفه های تاب آوری کالبدی بافت مرکزی شهر رشت در برابر زلزله با استفاده از مدلFuzzy-AHP و GIS

محورهای موضوعی : کالبدی

مهدیه دلشاد ¹ (گروه آموزشی شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، قزوین، ایران)
منوچهر طبیبیان ² (استادگروه آموزشی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.)
سید محسن حبیبی ³ (استاد گروه آموزشی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/06/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/08/28 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/09/01

کلید واژه: تاب آوری, رشت, زلزله, کالبد,

چکیده مقاله :

زلزله از مهم ترین عوامل تهدید طبیعی ایران محسوب می گردد. مساحت زیادی از ایران در محدوده با خطر بالا و خطر بسیار بالای زلزله قرار دارد. شهر رشت نیز در محدوده خطر بالا و خطر بسیار بالا قرار گرفته است. با توجه به احتمال بالای وقوع زلزله در رشت، تراکم بالای فعالیت و جمعیت، تراکم بالای ابنیه فرسوده، زیرساخت ها و سایر شاخص های مهم مدنظر تحقیق؛ محدوده مرکزی شهر رشت در برابر زلزله احتمالی آسیب پذیر می باشد. هدف اصلی این تحقیق، بررسی تاب آوری کالبدی در برابر زلزله در بافت مرکزی شهر رشت می باشد. پرسش اصلی این است که وضعیت تاب آوری کالبدی بافت مرکزی شهر رشت در برابر زلزله چگونه می باشد؟ همچنین مهمترین نکات وابسته به پاسخ این پرسش بررسی می گردد. در این پژوهش با انتخاب چهار دسته شاخص تاب آوری کالبدی در برابر زلزله و استفاده از مدل ترکیبی منطق Fuzzy و AHP میزان اهمیت شاخص ها، معیارها و زیرمعیارها مشخص می گردد. در نهایت اطلاعات جمع آوری شده به صورت لایه های اطلاعاتی وزن گرفته در نرم افزار GIS نسخه 10.3 تبدیل به یک نقشه تحلیلی از وضعیت تاب آوری(ERM) محدوده مورد مطالعه می گردد. نتایج نشان می دهد با توجه به چهار دسته شاخص عمده تاب آوری کالبدی بافت مرکزی شهر رشت، وضعیت بازار رشت در مرز هشدار و وضعیت بحرانی در برابر زلزله احتمالی قرار دارد. همچنین 27 درصد از بافت مورد مطالعه در وضعیت کاملا آسیب پذیر و نسبتا آسیب پذیر قرار گرفته است.

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