شناسایی و اولویت¬بندی شاخص¬های محیط زیستی، گردشگری و ایمنی رود دره-های درکه و دربند تهران
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست
سبا دشتکی
1
(دانشجو کارشناسی ارشد رشته مدیریت محیط زیست)
علی محمدی
2
(استادیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحدعلوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
فرزام بابایی سمیرمی
3
(استادیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، واحدعلوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران. )
کلید واژه: شاخص های محیط زیستی, گردشگری و ایمنی, فضای سبز, رود دره های درکه و دربند.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و اولویت¬بندی شاخص¬های محیط زیستی، گردشگری و ایمنی رود دره¬های درکه و دربند تهران انجام شده است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از لحاظ انجام کار توصیفی-پیمایشی بود. روش بررسی: جامعه مورد مطالعه نیز در قسمت روش های تصمیم گیری چند معیاره (AHP و TOPSIS) برنامه ریزان شهری و متخصصان منطقه 1 تهران می باشند. جامعه آماری پژوهش در قسمت پرسشنامه افراد عادی، گردشگران فضای سبز درکه و دربند به تعداد روزانه 300 نفر می¬باشند و در جامعه اول 15 نفر از برنامه ریزان شهری و متخصصان منطقه 1 تهران و به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس بعنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. همچنین نمونه آماری در قسمت پرسشنامه نیز تعداد 169 نفر از گردشگران فضای سبز درکه و دربند بود که بر اساس جدول مورگان مشخص شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات نیز در این پژوهش پرسشنامه مقایسه زوجی (AHP) و TOPSIS بود و در قسمت تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از روش‌هاي آمار استنباطي در جهت آزمون فرضيه ها از نرم افزار Expert Choice و SPSS (آزمون تی تک نمونه یا فریدمن) استفاده گردید. یافته ها: بر اساس نتایج پژوهش اولویت اول متعلق به معیار مدیریت محیط زیست، اولویت دوم متعلق به معیار گردشگری و اولویت سوم به معیار ایمنی تعلق گرفته است. ضرایب آماره آزمون فریدمن نیز برای زیرمعیارهای 3 معیار اصلی عبارت از محیط زیست (80/122)، گردشگری (34/77) و ایمنی (83/59) بودند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: با توجه به تجزیه و تحلیل های صورت گرفته مشخص شد که معیارهای محیط زیست در فضاهای سبز و رود دره‌های درکه و دربند تهران عبارت از پاکیزگی محیط زیست در این مناطق، نگه داری لازم از گیاهان، اقدامات لازم جهت کاهش آلودگی صوتی در پارک ها، تنوع گیاهان و درختان موجود، وجود سطل زباله به اندازه کافی، آلودگی هوا، شیب موجود در منطقه، تنوع گونه پرندگان، اقدامات لازم جهت جلوگیری از آلودگی آب رودخانه، تلاش رهگذران و مغازه داران برای پاکیزگی محیط زیست می باشند. همچنین معیارهای گردشگری در فضاهای سبز و رود دره‌های درکه و دربند تهران شامل وجود مسیر مشخصی برای گردشگری، مطابقت موسیقی پخش شده با فرهنگ ایرانی، وجود رستوران و کافه و بوفه به اندازه کافی و دردسترس، وجود نیمکت و آلاچیق جهت استراحت گردشگران، وجود وسایل ورزشی و بازی کودکان، وجود سرویس های بهداشتی به اندازه کافی و قابل دسترس، وجود پارکینگ و یا جای پارک مناسب جهت پارک خودرو و موتوسیکلت بودند. معیارهای ایمنی در فضاهای سبز و رود دره‌های درکه و دربند تهران نیز عبارت از سنگ فرش مناسب و حفاظت فیزیکی در پیاده روها، وجود روشنایی کافی درهنگام تاریکی هوا، وجود تابلوهای راهنمایی و هشدار دهنده در مسیر گردشگران، ایمنی در تجهیزات برقی و تفریحی مانند تله سیژ، وجود د پایگاه اورژانس و آمبولانس و ایستگاه آتش نشانی، حضور ماموران حفاظت فیزیکی و نگهبان در منطقه، ایمن بودن زمین بازی کودکان، در نظر گرفتن تمهیدات ایمنی دربرابر مخاطرات طبیعی مانند سیل و زلزله بودند.
Background and Objective: The current research was carried out with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the environmental, tourism and safety indicators of Derkeh and Darband rivers in Tehran. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of carrying out work. Material and Methodology: The studied community is also urban planners and experts in the 1st district of Tehran in the field of multi-criteria decision-making methods (AHP and TOPSIS). The statistical population of the research in the questionnaire section of ordinary people, tourists of the green spaces of Derkeh and Darband are 300 people per day, and in the first population, 15 people from urban planners and specialists of the 1st district of Tehran were selected as a statistical sample using available sampling method. Also, the statistical sample in the questionnaire was 169 tourists from Derkeh and Darband green areas, who were determined based on Morgan's table. In this research, the data collection tool was pairwise comparison questionnaire (AHP) and TOPSIS, and in the data analysis part, inferential statistics methods were used to test the hypotheses using Expert Choice and SPSS software (one-sample t-test or Friedman.) Findings: According to the results of the research, the first priority belongs to the environmental management criterion, the second priority belongs to the tourism criterion, and the third priority belongs to the safety criterion. The coefficients of the Friedman test were also for the sub-criteria of the 3 main criteria: environment (122.80), tourism (77.34) and safety (59.83) Discussion and Conclusion: According to the analysis, it was found that the environmental standards in the green spaces and rivers of Derkeh and Darband valleys of Tehran are the cleanliness of the environment in these areas, the necessary maintenance of plants, the necessary measures to reduce noise pollution in Parks, the variety of available plants and trees, the presence of enough trash cans, air pollution, the slope in the area, the variety of bird species, the necessary measures to prevent river water pollution, the efforts of passers-by and shopkeepers for the cleanliness of the environment. Also, the criteria of tourism in the green spaces and rivers of Derkah and Darband valleys of Tehran include the presence of a specific route for tourism, the compatibility of the music played with Iranian culture, the presence of sufficient and available restaurants, cafes and buffets, the presence of benches and gazebos for tourists to rest, and the presence of sports equipment. and children's play, the presence of adequate and accessible toilets, the presence of a parking lot or a suitable parking place for cars and motorcycles. The safety criteria in the green spaces and rivers of Derkeh and Darband valleys in Tehran include suitable paving stones and physical protection on the sidewalks, the presence of sufficient lighting in the dark, the presence of warning and guidance signs on the way of tourists, safety in electrical and recreational equipment such as traps. Siege, the presence of an emergency and ambulance base and a fire station, the presence of physical protection officers and guards in the area, the safety of children's playgrounds, taking into account safety measures against natural hazards such as floods and earthquakes.
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