ارزش‌‌گذاری اقتصادی هزینه‌‌ها و منافع ویروس کرونا بر سلامت جامعه و آلودگی هوا (مطالعه موردی: شهر تهران)

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست

علیرضا نظریان ¹ , زهرا عابدی ² , امیر اشکان نصیری پور ³ , علیرضا حاجی سید میرزا حسینی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی گروه تخصصی مدیریت میحط زیست- اقتصاد محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری های پزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه تخصصی مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/03/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/11/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/01/01

کلید واژه: ‌‌‌‌سال‌های عمر از دست رفته, ویروس کرونا, آلودگی هوا, روش ارزش‌گذاری مشروط,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: مقاله حاضر با هدف بررسی پژوهش‌های علمی مرتبط با آلودگی هوا و مرگ‌های ناشی از ویروس کرونا و هزینه‌های ناشی از مرگ زودرس افراد و ‌‌‌‌سال‌های از دست رفته عمر می‌باشد. روش بررسی:‌‌‌‌ روش پژوهش حاضر مطالعه مروری است. جامعه آماری پژوهش تمام مطالعات انجام شده موجود در پایگاه‌های علمی بین المللی و ملی بر اساس شاخص (DALY) و رابطه آن با ذرات آلاینده با تاکید بر آلاینده ذرات معلق با قطر 5/2 میکرون (PM2.5) ، همچنین میزان اثرگذاری آلودگی هوا بر ویروس COVID-19 و میزان تمایل به پرداخت (WTP) آنها در ایران و جهان است. یافته‌های پژوهش با استفاده از تکنیک کدگذاری بر اساس کلید واژه‌های آلودگی هوا، ارزش‌گذاری مشروط،‌‌‌‌ ‌‌‌‌سال‌های عمر از دست رفته (DALY) و‌‌‌‌ COVID-19 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌‌ها: بررسی مطالعات بار بیماری‌های محیطی نشان دهنده سهم عوامل خطرزای محیطی از جمله‌‌‌‌ PM2.5 هوای آزاد بر حسب شاخص تعداد ‌‌‌‌سال‌های از دست رفته به واسطه مرگ یا ناتوانی (DALY‌‌‌‌ ) بوده است. همچنین بیشتر مطالعات در مورد تحلیل‌های آماری بر غلظت اندازه گیری شده برای آلاینده PM2.5‌‌‌‌ و داده‌های ابتلا و مرگ ناشی از COVID-19‌‌‌‌ در کشورهای مختلف می‌باشد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج مطالعات نشان دهنده همبستگی قوی و معنادار بین غلظت آلاینده PM2.5‌‌‌‌ و نرخ ابتلا و مرگ ناشی از ویروس کرونا است. این امر نشان می‌دهد که با کنترل غلظت آلاینده‌های ‌‌‌‌می‌شود نرخ ابتلا و مرگ ناشی از ویروس کرونا را کاهش داد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: The purpose of this article is to review scientific research related to air pollution and deaths caused by the corona virus and the costs of premature death and Disability Adjusted Life Years. Material and Methodology: The present research method is a review study. The statistical population of the research is all the studies conducted in international and national scientific databases based on the index (DALY) and its relationship with pollutant particles with an emphasis on the pollutant of suspended particles with a diameter of 2.5 microns (PM2.5), as well as the effect of air pollution on The COVID-19 virus and their Willingness to Pay (WTP) in Iran and the world. The research findings were analyzed using the coding technique based on the keywords of air pollution, Contingent Valuation, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) and COVID-19. Findings: survey of environmental disease studies shows the contribution of environmental risk factors including PM2.5, have been according to the DALY index because of death or disability. Also, the study of articles are mostly about statistical analyses on the measured concentrations of‌‌‌‌ PM2.5‌‌‌‌ and infection and death data by COVID-19‌‌‌‌ in different countries. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the studies show a strong and significant correlation between the concentration of PM2.5 pollutants and the rate of infection and death caused by the corona virus. which shows that by controlling the concentration of pollutants, the rate of infection and death caused by the corona virus can be reduced.

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