ارزیابی ریسک‌های محیط‌زیستی واحد بهره‌برداری پالایش گاه نفت خام گچساران با تلفیق روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره و تجزیه و تحلیل حالات خرابی و شکست محیط‌زیستی
محورهای موضوعی : ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستیجهانبخش بالیست 1 , بهرام ملک محمدی 2 , فائزه چهرآذر 3 , یاسر معرب 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار گروه برنامه ریزی و مدیریت محیط‌زیست ، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
3 - کارشناس ارشد آموزش محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: ارزیابی ریسک محیط‌زیستی, AHP, EFMEA, TOPSIS, پالایش گاه نفت خام گچساران,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: ارزیابی ریسک روشی برای تعیین اندازه کمی و کیفی خطرات و پیامدهای ناشی از حوادث احتمالی بر روی افراد، مواد، تجهیزات و محیط زیست است. با انجام این کار میزان کارآمدی روش های کنترلی موجود مشخص شده و داده های با ارزشی برای تصمیم گیری در زمینه کاهش ریسک فراهم می آید. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق واحد بهره برداری پالایش گاه نفت گچساران مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی ریسک های محیط زیستی این واحد با روش ها و فنون به روز و ارایه راه کارهای کنترلی به منظور مدیریت این ریسک ها است. به کارگیری هم زمان روش های مختلف ارزیابی ریسک و فنون تصمیم گیری چند معیاره می تواند به ارزیابی و مدیریت بهینه ریسک ها کمک نماید. برای دست یابی به این هدف از ترکیب فنون تجزیه و تحلیل حالات خرابی بالقوه محیط زیستی[1] (EFMEA) با فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی[2] (AHP) و روش ترجیح بر اساس مشابهت به راه حل ایده آل[3] (TOPSIS) استفاده شده است. یافته ها: در ابتدا از طریق بازدید و اخذ نظرات کارشناسان از واحد مذکور ریسک ها شناسایی و بر اساس تاثیر روی مولفه های پنج گانه محیط زیست ارزش گذاری شدند. در ادامه عدد اولویت ریسک ها تعیین و وارد TOPSIS شد و رتبه بندی صورت گرفت. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل نشان می دهند که مهم ترین ریسک ها شامل آلاینده های خروجی از دودکش ها و بار اضافی منتقل به مشعل[4] است. [1]- Environmental Failure-Mode and Effects Analysis [2]- Analytical hierarchy process [3]- Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution [4]- Flare
Background and Objective:Risk assessment is a method to determine risk quantitative and qualitative and probable accident consequence on people, materials, equipment and environment. By doing so, existence controlling methods effectiveness are specified and valuable data for decision making in risk mitigating is produced. Method: In this study, GACHSARAN oil refinery production unit is assessed. The purpose of this study is environmental risk assessment of this unit by updating methods and techniques and representing controlling strategies to manage these risks. Simultaneously use of several risk assessment and multi criteria decision making can lead to optimum risk management. To achieve this goal, the Environmental Failure-Mode and Effects Analysis (EFMEA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) are used. Findings: At first by site visiting and obtaining expert opinions of the unit, risks are identified and evaluated according to their effects on environmental of five components. In the following, risk priority number in specified and enter to TOPSIS and prioritized. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that important risks are exhausted pollutant from stack and carry over to flare.
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- Mirjalili, alireza, mirjalili, aliasghar, 2009, fundamental of environmental risk assessment and management, 1th Edition, Yazd, Andishmandan Yazad publication, Volume II (In Persian).
- Rashtchian, davood and, hashemi, vahid, 2007, Hazop study in izeromax unit of bandar abas oil refinery, 2th national conference on safety and HSE, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).
- Jafarianmoghadam, elahe, 2007, environmental impact assessment of petrochemical industry PET-PTA in Mahshahr economic region, Ahvaz, master thesis, science and research university of KHouzestan (In Persian).
- Ka’b zadeh, shahla, 2009, Ahvaz pipe company risk assessment by viliam fine method in order to present management way to reduce the risks, Ahvaz, master thesis, science and research university of KHouzestan (In Persian).
- Nivolianitou Z. 2002, Risk Analysis and Risk Management: A European in sight Law, Probability and Risk.
- Allahyari, t, 2005, hazard analysis and risk assessment in chemical process, Fanavaran publication (In Persian).
- Heller, S., 2006. Managing Industrial Risk‐having a Tasted and Proven System to Prevent and Assess Risk. Hazardous Material. Vol. 130(17): pp. 58‐63.
- Safarian, sh and Jozi , S.A, 2011, environmental risk assessment of Abadan power plant by using of TOPSIS method, environment journal, V 58, 55-63pp (In Persian).
- Reza zadeh niavarani, m, 2004, FMEA application in environmental identification and evaluation and EFMEA introduction, Ravesh journal, p 20 (In Persian).
- Ebrahimian dehaghani, m and khademi mal miri, m,a, 2010, risk assessment and prioritization of water treatment of Ahvaz by HAZOP and MCDM with TOPSIS, 5th Irans environmental crisis, Ahvaz (In Persian).
- Jozi, S.A, Hosseini, h, khayatzadeh, A, tabib shushtari, M, 2010, Balaroud Dam physical risk assessment in Khuzestan by MCDM, environmental study journal, V 56, 25-38pp (In Persian).
- Rahimi balouchi, l and malek mohamadi, b, 2011, Shadegan international wetland environmental risk assessment, Master thesis in environmental planning and management, university of Tehran (In Persian).
- Wang, Y.M., Liu, J. and Taha, M.S., 2008. An integrated AHP‐DEA methodology for bridge risk assessment.
- Allen, H.H., Chia‐Wei, H., Tsai‐Chi, K., Wei‐Cheng, W., 2009. Risk evaluation of green components to hazardous substance using FMEA and FAHP. Expert system with application. Vol. 36:pp. 7142‐7147.
- Kania, M. Roszak, M. Spilka., 2014..Evaluation of FMEA methods used in the environmentalmanagement, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering vol. 65/1،pp. 37-44.
- N. T. Moqadam, B. Malekmohammadi, E. Salehi., 2015. An Integration of Fault Tree Analysis and Environmental Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Risk Assessment of Wetland Ecosystems: A Case Study of Anzali Wetland, Iran. International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development. Vol. (II) – No. (05)- S.N. (08).
- http://gsogpc.nisoc.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4120&Site=gsogpc.nisoc&Lang=fa-IR
- New life news magazine, 2000 (In Persian).
- Iran News magazine, 2001 (In persian).
- Saaty, T.L., 1995. Transport planning with multiple criteria: The analytic hierarchy process application and progress review. Advanced Transportation. Vol. 29:pp. 81‐126.
- Saaty, T.L, and Vargas, L.G., 1991. Prediction, Projection and Forecasting. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Effat H. A., 2010. Identifying Potential Sites for Wind Farms in South Sinai Governorate Using Spatial MultiCriteria Evaluation, 3rd International Conference on Cartography and GIS, 15-20 June, Nessebar, Bulgaria.
- Momeni, m, 2008, operation research new issues, 2th edition, Tehran University (In Persian).
- Makondi, R, astani, s and anooshe, z, 2012, wetlands environmental risk assessment by TOPSIS and EFMEA (hmedan shirinsu wetland), wetland ecobiology journal, 3th yaer, 12th number (In Persian).
- Jozi, S.A, and Salati, P., 2012. Environmental risk assessment of low density polyethylene unit using the method of failure mode and effect analysis. Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly. 18 (1): pp. 103−113.
- Bandarja, m and Jozi, S.A, 2013, HSE risk assessment of hidrokraker unit of oil refinery of bandar abas, environmental study journal, v 4 (In Persian).
- Noori, J, Aabaspour, M, and torabinia, M, 2010, educational unit risk assessment by FMEA method, environment science and technology journal, V 3 (In Persian).
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- Farshidnezhad, mohammad reza, 2004, Familiarity with Environmental Pollutions, 1th Edition, Tehran, Adineh publication (In Persian).
- Mirjalili, alireza, mirjalili, aliasghar, 2009, fundamental of environmental risk assessment and management, 1th Edition, Yazd, Andishmandan Yazad publication, Volume II (In Persian).
- Rashtchian, davood and, hashemi, vahid, 2007, Hazop study in izeromax unit of bandar abas oil refinery, 2th national conference on safety and HSE, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).
- Jafarianmoghadam, elahe, 2007, environmental impact assessment of petrochemical industry PET-PTA in Mahshahr economic region, Ahvaz, master thesis, science and research university of KHouzestan (In Persian).
- Ka’b zadeh, shahla, 2009, Ahvaz pipe company risk assessment by viliam fine method in order to present management way to reduce the risks, Ahvaz, master thesis, science and research university of KHouzestan (In Persian).
- Nivolianitou Z. 2002, Risk Analysis and Risk Management: A European in sight Law, Probability and Risk.
- Allahyari, t, 2005, hazard analysis and risk assessment in chemical process, Fanavaran publication (In Persian).
- Heller, S., 2006. Managing Industrial Risk‐having a Tasted and Proven System to Prevent and Assess Risk. Hazardous Material. Vol. 130(17): pp. 58‐63.
- Safarian, sh and Jozi , S.A, 2011, environmental risk assessment of Abadan power plant by using of TOPSIS method, environment journal, V 58, 55-63pp (In Persian).
- Reza zadeh niavarani, m, 2004, FMEA application in environmental identification and evaluation and EFMEA introduction, Ravesh journal, p 20 (In Persian).
- Ebrahimian dehaghani, m and khademi mal miri, m,a, 2010, risk assessment and prioritization of water treatment of Ahvaz by HAZOP and MCDM with TOPSIS, 5th Irans environmental crisis, Ahvaz (In Persian).
- Jozi, S.A, Hosseini, h, khayatzadeh, A, tabib shushtari, M, 2010, Balaroud Dam physical risk assessment in Khuzestan by MCDM, environmental study journal, V 56, 25-38pp (In Persian).
- Rahimi balouchi, l and malek mohamadi, b, 2011, Shadegan international wetland environmental risk assessment, Master thesis in environmental planning and management, university of Tehran (In Persian).
- Wang, Y.M., Liu, J. and Taha, M.S., 2008. An integrated AHP‐DEA methodology for bridge risk assessment.
- Allen, H.H., Chia‐Wei, H., Tsai‐Chi, K., Wei‐Cheng, W., 2009. Risk evaluation of green components to hazardous substance using FMEA and FAHP. Expert system with application. Vol. 36:pp. 7142‐7147.
- Kania, M. Roszak, M. Spilka., 2014..Evaluation of FMEA methods used in the environmentalmanagement, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering vol. 65/1،pp. 37-44.
- N. T. Moqadam, B. Malekmohammadi, E. Salehi., 2015. An Integration of Fault Tree Analysis and Environmental Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Risk Assessment of Wetland Ecosystems: A Case Study of Anzali Wetland, Iran. International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development. Vol. (II) – No. (05)- S.N. (08).
- http://gsogpc.nisoc.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4120&Site=gsogpc.nisoc&Lang=fa-IR
- New life news magazine, 2000 (In Persian).
- Iran News magazine, 2001 (In persian).
- Saaty, T.L., 1995. Transport planning with multiple criteria: The analytic hierarchy process application and progress review. Advanced Transportation. Vol. 29:pp. 81‐126.
- Saaty, T.L, and Vargas, L.G., 1991. Prediction, Projection and Forecasting. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Effat H. A., 2010. Identifying Potential Sites for Wind Farms in South Sinai Governorate Using Spatial MultiCriteria Evaluation, 3rd International Conference on Cartography and GIS, 15-20 June, Nessebar, Bulgaria.
- Momeni, m, 2008, operation research new issues, 2th edition, Tehran University (In Persian).
- Makondi, R, astani, s and anooshe, z, 2012, wetlands environmental risk assessment by TOPSIS and EFMEA (hmedan shirinsu wetland), wetland ecobiology journal, 3th yaer, 12th number (In Persian).
- Jozi, S.A, and Salati, P., 2012. Environmental risk assessment of low density polyethylene unit using the method of failure mode and effect analysis. Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly. 18 (1): pp. 103−113.
- Bandarja, m and Jozi, S.A, 2013, HSE risk assessment of hidrokraker unit of oil refinery of bandar abas, environmental study journal, v 4 (In Persian).
- Noori, J, Aabaspour, M, and torabinia, M, 2010, educational unit risk assessment by FMEA method, environment science and technology journal, V 3 (In Persian).
