ارزیابی ریسک‌های محیط‌زیستی واحد بهره‌برداری پالایش گاه نفت خام گچساران با تلفیق روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره و تجزیه و تحلیل حالات خرابی و شکست محیط‌زیستی
الموضوعات :جهانبخش بالیست 1 , بهرام ملک محمدی 2 , فائزه چهرآذر 3 , یاسر معرب 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشیار گروه برنامه ریزی و مدیریت محیط‌زیست ، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
3 - کارشناس ارشد آموزش محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران
الکلمات المفتاحية: ارزیابی ریسک محیط‌زیستی, AHP, EFMEA, TOPSIS, پالایش گاه نفت خام گچساران,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: ارزیابی ریسک روشی برای تعیین اندازه کمی و کیفی خطرات و پیامدهای ناشی از حوادث احتمالی بر روی افراد، مواد، تجهیزات و محیط زیست است. با انجام این کار میزان کارآمدی روش های کنترلی موجود مشخص شده و داده های با ارزشی برای تصمیم گیری در زمینه کاهش ریسک فراهم می آید. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق واحد بهره برداری پالایش گاه نفت گچساران مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی ریسک های محیط زیستی این واحد با روش ها و فنون به روز و ارایه راه کارهای کنترلی به منظور مدیریت این ریسک ها است. به کارگیری هم زمان روش های مختلف ارزیابی ریسک و فنون تصمیم گیری چند معیاره می تواند به ارزیابی و مدیریت بهینه ریسک ها کمک نماید. برای دست یابی به این هدف از ترکیب فنون تجزیه و تحلیل حالات خرابی بالقوه محیط زیستی[1] (EFMEA) با فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی[2] (AHP) و روش ترجیح بر اساس مشابهت به راه حل ایده آل[3] (TOPSIS) استفاده شده است. یافته ها: در ابتدا از طریق بازدید و اخذ نظرات کارشناسان از واحد مذکور ریسک ها شناسایی و بر اساس تاثیر روی مولفه های پنج گانه محیط زیست ارزش گذاری شدند. در ادامه عدد اولویت ریسک ها تعیین و وارد TOPSIS شد و رتبه بندی صورت گرفت. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل نشان می دهند که مهم ترین ریسک ها شامل آلاینده های خروجی از دودکش ها و بار اضافی منتقل به مشعل[4] است. [1]- Environmental Failure-Mode and Effects Analysis [2]- Analytical hierarchy process [3]- Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution [4]- Flare
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- Farshidnezhad, mohammad reza, 2004, Familiarity with Environmental Pollutions, 1th Edition, Tehran, Adineh publication (In Persian).
- Mirjalili, alireza, mirjalili, aliasghar, 2009, fundamental of environmental risk assessment and management, 1th Edition, Yazd, Andishmandan Yazad publication, Volume II (In Persian).
- Rashtchian, davood and, hashemi, vahid, 2007, Hazop study in izeromax unit of bandar abas oil refinery, 2th national conference on safety and HSE, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).
- Jafarianmoghadam, elahe, 2007, environmental impact assessment of petrochemical industry PET-PTA in Mahshahr economic region, Ahvaz, master thesis, science and research university of KHouzestan (In Persian).
- Ka’b zadeh, shahla, 2009, Ahvaz pipe company risk assessment by viliam fine method in order to present management way to reduce the risks, Ahvaz, master thesis, science and research university of KHouzestan (In Persian).
- Nivolianitou Z. 2002, Risk Analysis and Risk Management: A European in sight Law, Probability and Risk.
- Allahyari, t, 2005, hazard analysis and risk assessment in chemical process, Fanavaran publication (In Persian).
- Heller, S., 2006. Managing Industrial Risk‐having a Tasted and Proven System to Prevent and Assess Risk. Hazardous Material. Vol. 130(17): pp. 58‐63.
- Safarian, sh and Jozi , S.A, 2011, environmental risk assessment of Abadan power plant by using of TOPSIS method, environment journal, V 58, 55-63pp (In Persian).
- Reza zadeh niavarani, m, 2004, FMEA application in environmental identification and evaluation and EFMEA introduction, Ravesh journal, p 20 (In Persian).
- Ebrahimian dehaghani, m and khademi mal miri, m,a, 2010, risk assessment and prioritization of water treatment of Ahvaz by HAZOP and MCDM with TOPSIS, 5th Irans environmental crisis, Ahvaz (In Persian).
- Jozi, S.A, Hosseini, h, khayatzadeh, A, tabib shushtari, M, 2010, Balaroud Dam physical risk assessment in Khuzestan by MCDM, environmental study journal, V 56, 25-38pp (In Persian).
- Rahimi balouchi, l and malek mohamadi, b, 2011, Shadegan international wetland environmental risk assessment, Master thesis in environmental planning and management, university of Tehran (In Persian).
- Wang, Y.M., Liu, J. and Taha, M.S., 2008. An integrated AHP‐DEA methodology for bridge risk assessment.
- Allen, H.H., Chia‐Wei, H., Tsai‐Chi, K., Wei‐Cheng, W., 2009. Risk evaluation of green components to hazardous substance using FMEA and FAHP. Expert system with application. Vol. 36:pp. 7142‐7147.
- Kania, M. Roszak, M. Spilka., 2014..Evaluation of FMEA methods used in the environmentalmanagement, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering vol. 65/1،pp. 37-44.
- N. T. Moqadam, B. Malekmohammadi, E. Salehi., 2015. An Integration of Fault Tree Analysis and Environmental Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Risk Assessment of Wetland Ecosystems: A Case Study of Anzali Wetland, Iran. International Bulletin of Water Resources & Development. Vol. (II) – No. (05)- S.N. (08).
- http://gsogpc.nisoc.ir/HomePage.aspx?TabID=4120&Site=gsogpc.nisoc&Lang=fa-IR
- New life news magazine, 2000 (In Persian).
- Iran News magazine, 2001 (In persian).
- Saaty, T.L., 1995. Transport planning with multiple criteria: The analytic hierarchy process application and progress review. Advanced Transportation. Vol. 29:pp. 81‐126.
- Saaty, T.L, and Vargas, L.G., 1991. Prediction, Projection and Forecasting. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Effat H. A., 2010. Identifying Potential Sites for Wind Farms in South Sinai Governorate Using Spatial MultiCriteria Evaluation, 3rd International Conference on Cartography and GIS, 15-20 June, Nessebar, Bulgaria.
- Momeni, m, 2008, operation research new issues, 2th edition, Tehran University (In Persian).
- Makondi, R, astani, s and anooshe, z, 2012, wetlands environmental risk assessment by TOPSIS and EFMEA (hmedan shirinsu wetland), wetland ecobiology journal, 3th yaer, 12th number (In Persian).
- Jozi, S.A, and Salati, P., 2012. Environmental risk assessment of low density polyethylene unit using the method of failure mode and effect analysis. Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly. 18 (1): pp. 103−113.
- Bandarja, m and Jozi, S.A, 2013, HSE risk assessment of hidrokraker unit of oil refinery of bandar abas, environmental study journal, v 4 (In Persian).
- Noori, J, Aabaspour, M, and torabinia, M, 2010, educational unit risk assessment by FMEA method, environment science and technology journal, V 3 (In Persian).
