اندازه گیری و مدلسازی زیتوده و ذخیره کربن کنده و ریشه درختان صنوبر دلتوئیدس (Populus deltoides)
محورهای موضوعی :
منابع طبیعی
جاوید بهریان
1
,
امیرحسین فیروزان
2
,
رامین نقدی
3
,
سیدآرمین هاشمی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکترای جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران.
4 - دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، مدیریت جنگل ،واحد لاهیجان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/05/28
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/08/11
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/10/01
کلید واژه:
ذخیره کربن,
جنگلکاری,
زیتوده,
زراعت چوب,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: تغییرات اقلیمی و گرمایش جهانی در نتیجه افزایش گازهای گلخانه ای اتفاق می افتد که آثار زیانباری بر حیات انسان روی کره زمین دارد و این در حالی است که جنگل ها تأثیر بسیار مهمی در ذخیره سازی کربن دارند. هدف این پژوهش، اندازه گیری و مدل سازی زیتوده و ذخیره کربن کنده و ریشه درختان صنوبر دلتوئیدس (Populus deltoides) در جنگلکاری های شهرستان لنگرود در استان گیلان بوده است.روش بررسی: بدین منظور با استفاده از روش نمونه برداری انتخابی، 93 اصله درخت صنوبر از طبقات قطری مختلف در بهار 1400 انتخاب و پس از عملیات قطع و خروج مقطوعات، از یک دستگاه بیل مکانیکی جهت خارج کردن کنده و ریشه درختان از خاک استفاده شد. به منظور برآورد میزان زیتوده و ذخیره کربن ریشه و کنده درختان، نمونه هایی از این اندام ها جدا و توزین شد و پس از خشک کردن در داخل آون، وزن خشک نمونه ها اندازه گیری شد. میزان کربن کنده و ریشه درختان، پس از سوزاندن نمونه های خشک شده در کوره الکتریکی محاسبه شد.یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد میزان زیتوده کنده و ریشه به ترتیب 99/7 و 5/65 و میزان ذخیره کربن کنده و ریشه به ترتیب 92/3 و 32/32 کیلوگرم به ازای هر اصله درخت برآورد شده است. نتایج روابط آلومتریک نشان داد که مدل های به دست آمده برای برآورد زیتوده و ذخیره کربن کنده و ریشه با استفاده از سه متغیر قطر کنده، قطر برابرسینه و حجم درختان از ضریب تبیین بالایی برخوردار هستند اما مدل به دست آمده با استفاده از ارتفاع کنده ضریب تبیین قابل قبولی ارائه نداد. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که میزان کربن ذخیره شده در اندام های کنده و ریشه به ترتیب 568/1 و 928/12 تن در هکتار به دست آمد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد که آگاهی از مقادیر زیتوده و ذخیره کربن درختان صنوبر دلتوئیدس اهمیت زیادی در ارزش گذاری و نیز برنامه های مدیریتی جهت توسعه زراعت چوب و استفاده از این اندام ها جهت تأمین بخشی از نیاز صنایع چوب خواهد داشت.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Climate change and global warming occur as a result of increasing greenhouse gases that have detrimental effects on human life on the planet, while forests have a very important impact on carbon storage. The purpose of this study was to measure and modeling of biomass and carbon storage of root and stump of Populus deltoids trees in plantations of Langaroud county, Guilan province.Material and Methodology: For this purpose, based on selection sampling method, 93 trees were selected from different diameter classes in spring of 2021 and after cutting and removing the sections, an excavator was used to remove the stumps and roots of the trees from the soil. To estimate the amount of biomass and carbon storage of tree roots and stumps, samples of these organs were fallen down and weighed, and after drying in the oven, the dry weight of the samples was measured. After burning an enough amount of dried samples in electric kiln, the weight of organic matter and carbon of the stump and root samples were obtained. Findings: Results showed that mean of stump and root biomass were 7.99 and 65.5, and mean of stump and root carbon sequestration were 3.92 and 32.32 kg/tree, respectively. The results showed that the obtained models for estimating biomass and carbon storage of stumps and roots using three variables of stump diameter, DBH and volume of trees have a high coefficient of determination, but the model obtained using stump height did not provide an acceptable coefficient of determination. The results showed that the amount of carbon storage in the stumps and roots were 1.568 and 12.928 tons/hectare, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that knowledge of biomass and carbon storage of poplar trees is very important in valuation and management programs for the development of wood farming and the use of these organs to provide part of the needs of the wood industry.
منابع و مأخذ:
Backeus, S., Wikstrom, P. & Lamas, T. 2005. A model for regional analysis of carbon sequestration and timber production. Forest Ecology and Management, 216: 28-40.
Upadhyay, T., Sankhayan, P.L. & Solberg, B. 2005. A review of carbon sequestration dynamics in the Himalayan region as a function of land-use change and forest/ soil degradation with special reference to Nepal. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 105: 449–465.
Chambers, J.Q., Santos, J.S., Ribeiro, R.J. & Higuchi, N. 2001. Tree damage, allometric relationships, and above-ground net primary production in central Amazon forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 152(1–3): 73–84.
Husch, B., Beers, T.W. & Kershaw, J.A. 2003. Forest mensuration. 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 443 pp.
Parsapour, M.K., Sohrabi, H., Soltani, A. & Iranmanesh, Y. 2013. Allometric equations for estimating biomass in four poplar species at Charmahal and Bakhtiari province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21(3): 517-528. (In Persian)
Panahi, P., Pourhashemi, M. & Hassani Nejad, M. 2011. Estimation of leaf biomass and leaf carbon sequestration of Pistacia atlantica in National Botanical Garden of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(1): 1-12. (In Persian)
Meenakshi Kaul., G. M., Mohren, J. & Dadhwal, V. K. 2010. Carbon storage and sequestration potential of selected tree species in India. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change, 15: 489–510.
Forteir, J., Truax, B., Gagnon, D. & Lambert, F. 2013. Root biomass and soil carbon distribution in hybrid poplar riparian buffers, herbaceous riparian buffers and natural riparian woodlots on farmland. Springer PLUS, 2(539): 1-19.
Oliveira, , Rodríguez-Soalleiro, R., Pérez-Cruzado, C., Cañellas, I., Sixto, H. & Ceulemans, R. 2018. Above- and below-ground carbon accumulation and biomass allocation in poplar short rotation plantations under Mediterranean conditions. Forest Ecology and Management, 428: 57-65.
Jahanpour, F., Badehian, Z. & Soosani, J. 2019. Investigating the efficiency of the carbon sequestration in above-ground biomass of some populous clones. Iranian Journal of Forest, 11(2): 195-205. (In Persian)
Siddiq, Z., Hayyat, M.U., Khan, A.U., Mahmood, R., Shahzad, L., Ghaffar, R. & Cao, K.F. 2021. Models to estimate the above and below ground carbon stocks from a subtropical scrub forest of Pakistan. Global Ecology and Conservation, p.e01539.
Maghsoudlou Nezhad, M., Bonyad, A. & Shataee, SH. 2020. Estimation stock and economic value of carbon storage of Juniperus excelsa in Gorgan Chahar Bagh. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 72(4): 301-311. (In Persian)
Pajtik, J., Konopka, B. & Lukac, M. 2008. Biomass functions and expansion factors in young Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) trees. Forest Ecology and Management, 256: 1096-1103.
Johansson, T. & Hjelm, B. 2012. Stump and root biomass of poplar stands. Forests, 3: 166-178.
Niiyama, K., Kajimoto, T., Matsuura, Y., Yamashita, T., Matsuo, N., Yashiro, Y., Ripin, A., Kassim, A.R. & Noor, N.S. 2010. Estimation of root biomass based on excavation of individual root systems in a primary dipterocarp forest in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 26:271–284.
Ribeiro, S.C., Soares, C.P.B., Fehrmann, L., Jacovine, L.A.G. & Von Gadow, K. 2015. Aboveground and belowground biomass and carbon estimates for clonal Eucalyptus trees in Southeast Brazil. Revista Árvore, 39(2): 353-363.
Jha, K.K. 2018. Biomass production and carbon balance in two hybrid poplar (Populus euramericana) plantations raised with and without agriculture in southern France. Journal of Forestry Research, 29: 1689-1701.
Navar, J. 2009. Allometric equations and expansion factors for tropical dry forest trees of eastern Sinaloa, Mexico. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 10: 45-52.
Socha, J. & Wezyk, P. 2007. Allometric equations for estimating the foliage biomass of Scots Pine. European Journal of Forest Research, 126: 263-270.
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Backeus, S., Wikstrom, P. & Lamas, T. 2005. A model for regional analysis of carbon sequestration and timber production. Forest Ecology and Management, 216: 28-40.
Upadhyay, T., Sankhayan, P.L. & Solberg, B. 2005. A review of carbon sequestration dynamics in the Himalayan region as a function of land-use change and forest/ soil degradation with special reference to Nepal. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 105: 449–465.
Chambers, J.Q., Santos, J.S., Ribeiro, R.J. & Higuchi, N. 2001. Tree damage, allometric relationships, and above-ground net primary production in central Amazon forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 152(1–3): 73–84.
Husch, B., Beers, T.W. & Kershaw, J.A. 2003. Forest mensuration. 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 443 pp.
Parsapour, M.K., Sohrabi, H., Soltani, A. & Iranmanesh, Y. 2013. Allometric equations for estimating biomass in four poplar species at Charmahal and Bakhtiari province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 21(3): 517-528. (In Persian)
Panahi, P., Pourhashemi, M. & Hassani Nejad, M. 2011. Estimation of leaf biomass and leaf carbon sequestration of Pistacia atlantica in National Botanical Garden of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(1): 1-12. (In Persian)
Meenakshi Kaul., G. M., Mohren, J. & Dadhwal, V. K. 2010. Carbon storage and sequestration potential of selected tree species in India. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change, 15: 489–510.
Forteir, J., Truax, B., Gagnon, D. & Lambert, F. 2013. Root biomass and soil carbon distribution in hybrid poplar riparian buffers, herbaceous riparian buffers and natural riparian woodlots on farmland. Springer PLUS, 2(539): 1-19.
Oliveira, , Rodríguez-Soalleiro, R., Pérez-Cruzado, C., Cañellas, I., Sixto, H. & Ceulemans, R. 2018. Above- and below-ground carbon accumulation and biomass allocation in poplar short rotation plantations under Mediterranean conditions. Forest Ecology and Management, 428: 57-65.
Jahanpour, F., Badehian, Z. & Soosani, J. 2019. Investigating the efficiency of the carbon sequestration in above-ground biomass of some populous clones. Iranian Journal of Forest, 11(2): 195-205. (In Persian)
Siddiq, Z., Hayyat, M.U., Khan, A.U., Mahmood, R., Shahzad, L., Ghaffar, R. & Cao, K.F. 2021. Models to estimate the above and below ground carbon stocks from a subtropical scrub forest of Pakistan. Global Ecology and Conservation, p.e01539.
Maghsoudlou Nezhad, M., Bonyad, A. & Shataee, SH. 2020. Estimation stock and economic value of carbon storage of Juniperus excelsa in Gorgan Chahar Bagh. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 72(4): 301-311. (In Persian)
Pajtik, J., Konopka, B. & Lukac, M. 2008. Biomass functions and expansion factors in young Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst) trees. Forest Ecology and Management, 256: 1096-1103.
Johansson, T. & Hjelm, B. 2012. Stump and root biomass of poplar stands. Forests, 3: 166-178.
Niiyama, K., Kajimoto, T., Matsuura, Y., Yamashita, T., Matsuo, N., Yashiro, Y., Ripin, A., Kassim, A.R. & Noor, N.S. 2010. Estimation of root biomass based on excavation of individual root systems in a primary dipterocarp forest in Pasoh Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 26:271–284.
Ribeiro, S.C., Soares, C.P.B., Fehrmann, L., Jacovine, L.A.G. & Von Gadow, K. 2015. Aboveground and belowground biomass and carbon estimates for clonal Eucalyptus trees in Southeast Brazil. Revista Árvore, 39(2): 353-363.
Jha, K.K. 2018. Biomass production and carbon balance in two hybrid poplar (Populus euramericana) plantations raised with and without agriculture in southern France. Journal of Forestry Research, 29: 1689-1701.
Navar, J. 2009. Allometric equations and expansion factors for tropical dry forest trees of eastern Sinaloa, Mexico. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 10: 45-52.
Socha, J. & Wezyk, P. 2007. Allometric equations for estimating the foliage biomass of Scots Pine. European Journal of Forest Research, 126: 263-270.