توانمندی گزنه (Urtica Dioica L.) در جذب فلزات سنگین (Pb, As, Cd, Ni) از شیرابه محل دفن پسماند تنکابن
محورهای موضوعی :
آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)
خشایار شریفی
1
,
آپتین راه نورد
2
,
کیوان صائب
3
,
فرید غلامرضا فهیمی
4
,
احمد توانا
5
1 - دکتری آلودگی محیط زیست، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
5 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/04/26
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/09/23
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/02/01
کلید واژه:
گیاه پالایی,
فلزات سنگین,
شیرابه لندفیل,
گزنه (Urtica Dioica L.),
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: شیرابه حاصل از دفن زباله حاوی فلزات سنگین آلاینده است که باعث ایجاد اثرات سمی بر روی آب و خاک در نزدیکی محل های دفن زباله می شد. گیاه پالایی یکی از روش های کنترلی است که در آن از گیاهان بومی با قابلیت انباشتگری استفاده می شود. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی قدرت انباشتگری فلزات سنگین به توسط گزنه از شیرابه صورت گرفته است.
روش بررسی: در پژوهش حاضر پس از جمع آوری بذور گزنه از لندفیل تنکابن، آنها رادر 16 گلدان کشت و پس از مرحله 6 برگی تحت چهار غلظت شیرابه تازه (0، 30، 60 و 100 %) قرار داده شد و بعد از اتمام دوره رویشی، میزان فلزات سنگین (توسط دستگاه طیف سنج جذب اتمی) و فاکتورهای مورفولوژیک مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفتند.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان دادند که با افزایش غلظت شیرابه، مقدار فلزات سنگین در تمامی اندام های گزنه افزایش یافته (Ni>Pb>Cd>Ar) و اندام های هوایی جذب بیشتری داشتند. به موازات آن، فاکتورهای وزن خشک ساقه و برگ، ریشه و شاخص سطح برگ نیز کاهش یافت. محاسبه TF>1 در اندام های گزنه حاکی از توانایی انباشتگر بودن فلزات سنگین در آن در مواجهه با شیرابه بوده است.
بحث ونتیجه گیری: زیست‌پالایی با استفاده از گیاهان بومی و انباشتگر جهت حذف فلزات سنگین روشی کم‌هزینه و سازگار با محیط‌زیست می باشد. گزنه گیاهی است بومی که به صورت خودرو در مکان های دفع زباله در شمال کشور می روید و با توجه به توان انباشتگری آن، گونه مناسبی برای پاک سازی خاک از فلزات سنگین محسوب می شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Landfill leachate contains heavy metals that cause toxic effects on water and soil near landfills. Phytoremediation is one of the control methods in which native plants with accumulation ability are used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation strength of heavy metals by nettle from leachate.
Material and Methodology: In the present study, after collecting nettle seeds from Tonekabon landfill, they were planted in 16 pots and after the 6-leaf stage, placed under four concentrations of fresh leachate (0, 30, 60 and 100%) and after the growth period, the amount of metals Heavy (by atomic absorption spectrometer) and morphological traits were measured.
Findings: The result showed that with increasing leachate concentration, the amount of heavy metals in all organs increased (Ni> Pb > Cd> Ar) and the aerial parts were more absorbed. In parallel with this result, dry weight factors of stem and leaf, root and leaf area index also decreased. Calculation of TF> 1 in nettle organs showed its ability to be more accumulative in the face of leachate.
Discussion and Conclusion: Bioremediation with using of native plants and accumulators to remove heavy metals is a low cost and environmentally friendly method. Nettle is a native and wild plant that grows in landfills in the north of the country and due to its accumulative power, it is a suitable species for clearing the soil of heavy metals.
منابع و مأخذ:
Nta, S.A. and Odiong, I.C., 2017. Impact of municipal solid waste landfill leachate on soil properties in the dumpsite (A case study of Eket Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria). Int J Sci Eng Sci, 1(1), pp.5-7.
Kumari, M., Ghosh, P. and Thakur, I.S., 2016. Landfill leachate treatment using bacto-algal co-culture: an integrated approach using chemical analyses and toxicological assessment. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 128, pp.44-51.
Beentjes, K. 2021. Intercepting landfill leachate for recirculation: an initial assessment of experimental design parameters.
Gworek, B., Dmuchowski, W., Koda, E., Marecka, M., Baczewska, A.H., Brągoszewska, P., Sieczka, A. and Osiński, P., 2016. Impact of the municipal solid waste Łubna Landfill on environmental pollution by heavy metals. Water, 8(10), p.470.
Jitar, O., Teodosiu, C., Oros, A., Plavan, G. and Nicoara, M., 2015. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in marine organisms from the Romanian sector of the Black Sea. New biotechnology, 32(3), pp.369-378.
Eslami, E., & Joodat, S. H. S. (2018). Bioremediation of oil and heavy metal contaminated soil in construction sites: a case study of using bioventing-biosparging and phytoextraction techniques. ArXiv preprint arXiv: 1806.03717.
Farooqi, Z.U.R., 2021. Phytoremediation of inorganic pollutants: An eco-friendly approach, its types and mechanisms. Plant and Environment, 1(02), pp.110-129.
Babakhani, B., Kakoei, A., Saeb, K., Hosseini Beldaji S. A., Pourshamsian, K., Rahdari, P., Jafari Hajati, R. 2012. The effect of height on the amount of medicinal compounds of nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in Ramsar region. Quarterly Journal of Plant and Ecology. Consecutive 33. (In Persian)
Janighorban, M. 1999. Flora of Iran. No. 36, Urticacea Research Institute Publications Forests and pastures of the country. (In Persian)
Viktorova, J., Jandova, Z., Madlenakova, M., Prouzova, P., Bartunek, V., Vrchotova, B., Lovecka, P., Musilova, L. and Macek, T., 2016. Native phytoremediation potential of Urtica dioica for removal of PCBs and heavy metals can be improved by genetic manipulations using constitutive CaMV 35S promoter. PLoS One, 11(12), p. e0167927.
Biriescu, C., Chiriac, V., Popovici, H. and Vlascici, D., 2012. Removal of copper from water using plant leaves. New Frontiers in Chemistry, 21(1), p.79.
Grubor, M.I.L.E.N.A., 2008. Lead uptake, tolerance, and accumulation exhibited by the plants Urtica dioica and Sedum spectabile in contaminated soil without additives. Archives of Biological Sciences, 60(2), pp.239-244.
Gregory, R. P. G., & Bradshaw, A. D., 1965. Heavy metal tolerance in populations of Agrostis tenuis Sibth and other grasses. New phytologist, 64(1), 131-143.20. Verma, D.K., Gupta, A.P. and Dhakeray, R., 2011. Removal of heavy metals from whole sphere by plants working as bioindicators–a review. Basic Res. J Pham Sci, 1, pp.1-7.
Hiller, E., Jurkovič, Ľ., Majzlan, J., Kulikova, T., & Faragó, T. 2021. Environmental Availability of Trace Metals (Mercury, Chromium and Nickel) in Soils from the Abandoned Mine Area of Merník (Eastern Slovakia). Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 30(6), 5013-5025.
Mashayekhi, H. 2000. Take a look at Tonekabon from all sides. Publications of the Printing and Publishing Institute of the University of Tehran, 703 p. (in Persian)
Zacchini, M., Pietrini, F., Mugnozza, G.S., Iori, V., Pietrosanti, L. and Massacci, A., 2009. Metal tolerance, accumulation and translocation in poplar and willow clones treated with cadmium in hydroponics. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 197(1), pp.23-34.
World Health Organization. 2011. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, 4th Edition, Geneva, WHO chronicle, 38(4); 104-8.
Mahdavi, A., Khermandar, Kh. Ahmady-Asbchin, S. and Tabaraki, R. 2014. Lead accumulation potential in Acacia victoriae. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 16 (4): 582-592.
Balali-Mood, M., Naseri, K., Tahergorabi, Z., Khazdair, M. R., & Sadeghi, M. 2021. Toxic mechanisms of five heavy metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, and Arsenic. Frontiers in pharmacology, 12.
Štofejová, L., Fazekaš, J., & Fazekašová, D. 2021. Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Soil and Plants in the Dumping Ground of Magnesite Mining Factory Jelšava-Lubeník (Slovakia). Sustainability, 13(8), 4508.
Yan, A., Wang, Y., Tan, S. N., Mohd Yusof, M. L., Ghosh, S., & Chen, Z. 2020. Phytoremediation: a promising approach for revegetation of heavy metal-polluted land. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 359.
Nissim, W. G., Palm, E., Pandolfi, C., Mancuso, S., & Azzarello, E. 2021. Relationship between Leachate Pollution Index and growth response of two willow and poplar hybrids: Implications for phyto-treatment applications. Waste Management, 136, 162-173.
Haider, F. U., Liqun, C., Coulter, J. A., Cheema, S. A., Wu, J., Zhang, R., ... & Farooq, M. 2021. Cadmium toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation strategies. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 211, 111887.
Mobin, M. and Khan, N.A., 2007. Photosynthetic activity, pigment composition and antioxidative response of two mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to cadmium stress. Journal of Plant Physiology, 164(5), pp.601-610.
Hassanpour, A., Zafarian, F. Rezvani, M., & Jalili, B. 2019. The effect of cadmium on pigment, phytochemical and antioxidant changes of three medicinal species Mentha aquatica L., Trautv. Eryngium caucasicum and Froriepia subpinnata Ledeb. Ecophytochemistry of Medicinal Plants, 7 (2), 91-103.
Peralta-Videa, J.R., De la Rosa, G., Gonzalez, J.H. and Gardea-Torresdey, J.L., 2004. Effects of the growth stage on the heavy metal tolerance of alfalfa plants. Advances in Environmental Research, 8(3-4), pp.679-685.
Gjorgieva, D., Kadifkova Panovska, T., Ruskovska, T., Bačeva, K. and Stafilov, T., 2013. Influence of heavy metal stress on antioxidant status and DNA damage in Urtica dioica. BioMed Research International.
Oladoye, P. O., Olowe, O. M., & Asemoloye, M. D. (2021). Phytoremediation technology and food security impacts of heavy metal contaminated soils: A review of literatures. Chemosphere, 132555.
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Nta, S.A. and Odiong, I.C., 2017. Impact of municipal solid waste landfill leachate on soil properties in the dumpsite (A case study of Eket Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria). Int J Sci Eng Sci, 1(1), pp.5-7.
Kumari, M., Ghosh, P. and Thakur, I.S., 2016. Landfill leachate treatment using bacto-algal co-culture: an integrated approach using chemical analyses and toxicological assessment. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 128, pp.44-51.
Beentjes, K. 2021. Intercepting landfill leachate for recirculation: an initial assessment of experimental design parameters.
Gworek, B., Dmuchowski, W., Koda, E., Marecka, M., Baczewska, A.H., Brągoszewska, P., Sieczka, A. and Osiński, P., 2016. Impact of the municipal solid waste Łubna Landfill on environmental pollution by heavy metals. Water, 8(10), p.470.
Jitar, O., Teodosiu, C., Oros, A., Plavan, G. and Nicoara, M., 2015. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in marine organisms from the Romanian sector of the Black Sea. New biotechnology, 32(3), pp.369-378.
Eslami, E., & Joodat, S. H. S. (2018). Bioremediation of oil and heavy metal contaminated soil in construction sites: a case study of using bioventing-biosparging and phytoextraction techniques. ArXiv preprint arXiv: 1806.03717.
Farooqi, Z.U.R., 2021. Phytoremediation of inorganic pollutants: An eco-friendly approach, its types and mechanisms. Plant and Environment, 1(02), pp.110-129.
Babakhani, B., Kakoei, A., Saeb, K., Hosseini Beldaji S. A., Pourshamsian, K., Rahdari, P., Jafari Hajati, R. 2012. The effect of height on the amount of medicinal compounds of nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in Ramsar region. Quarterly Journal of Plant and Ecology. Consecutive 33. (In Persian)
Janighorban, M. 1999. Flora of Iran. No. 36, Urticacea Research Institute Publications Forests and pastures of the country. (In Persian)
Viktorova, J., Jandova, Z., Madlenakova, M., Prouzova, P., Bartunek, V., Vrchotova, B., Lovecka, P., Musilova, L. and Macek, T., 2016. Native phytoremediation potential of Urtica dioica for removal of PCBs and heavy metals can be improved by genetic manipulations using constitutive CaMV 35S promoter. PLoS One, 11(12), p. e0167927.
Biriescu, C., Chiriac, V., Popovici, H. and Vlascici, D., 2012. Removal of copper from water using plant leaves. New Frontiers in Chemistry, 21(1), p.79.
Grubor, M.I.L.E.N.A., 2008. Lead uptake, tolerance, and accumulation exhibited by the plants Urtica dioica and Sedum spectabile in contaminated soil without additives. Archives of Biological Sciences, 60(2), pp.239-244.
Gregory, R. P. G., & Bradshaw, A. D., 1965. Heavy metal tolerance in populations of Agrostis tenuis Sibth and other grasses. New phytologist, 64(1), 131-143.20. Verma, D.K., Gupta, A.P. and Dhakeray, R., 2011. Removal of heavy metals from whole sphere by plants working as bioindicators–a review. Basic Res. J Pham Sci, 1, pp.1-7.
Hiller, E., Jurkovič, Ľ., Majzlan, J., Kulikova, T., & Faragó, T. 2021. Environmental Availability of Trace Metals (Mercury, Chromium and Nickel) in Soils from the Abandoned Mine Area of Merník (Eastern Slovakia). Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 30(6), 5013-5025.
Mashayekhi, H. 2000. Take a look at Tonekabon from all sides. Publications of the Printing and Publishing Institute of the University of Tehran, 703 p. (in Persian)
Zacchini, M., Pietrini, F., Mugnozza, G.S., Iori, V., Pietrosanti, L. and Massacci, A., 2009. Metal tolerance, accumulation and translocation in poplar and willow clones treated with cadmium in hydroponics. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 197(1), pp.23-34.
World Health Organization. 2011. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, 4th Edition, Geneva, WHO chronicle, 38(4); 104-8.
Mahdavi, A., Khermandar, Kh. Ahmady-Asbchin, S. and Tabaraki, R. 2014. Lead accumulation potential in Acacia victoriae. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 16 (4): 582-592.
Balali-Mood, M., Naseri, K., Tahergorabi, Z., Khazdair, M. R., & Sadeghi, M. 2021. Toxic mechanisms of five heavy metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, and Arsenic. Frontiers in pharmacology, 12.
Štofejová, L., Fazekaš, J., & Fazekašová, D. 2021. Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in Soil and Plants in the Dumping Ground of Magnesite Mining Factory Jelšava-Lubeník (Slovakia). Sustainability, 13(8), 4508.
Yan, A., Wang, Y., Tan, S. N., Mohd Yusof, M. L., Ghosh, S., & Chen, Z. 2020. Phytoremediation: a promising approach for revegetation of heavy metal-polluted land. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 359.
Nissim, W. G., Palm, E., Pandolfi, C., Mancuso, S., & Azzarello, E. 2021. Relationship between Leachate Pollution Index and growth response of two willow and poplar hybrids: Implications for phyto-treatment applications. Waste Management, 136, 162-173.
Haider, F. U., Liqun, C., Coulter, J. A., Cheema, S. A., Wu, J., Zhang, R., ... & Farooq, M. 2021. Cadmium toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation strategies. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 211, 111887.
Mobin, M. and Khan, N.A., 2007. Photosynthetic activity, pigment composition and antioxidative response of two mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars differing in photosynthetic capacity subjected to cadmium stress. Journal of Plant Physiology, 164(5), pp.601-610.
Hassanpour, A., Zafarian, F. Rezvani, M., & Jalili, B. 2019. The effect of cadmium on pigment, phytochemical and antioxidant changes of three medicinal species Mentha aquatica L., Trautv. Eryngium caucasicum and Froriepia subpinnata Ledeb. Ecophytochemistry of Medicinal Plants, 7 (2), 91-103.
Peralta-Videa, J.R., De la Rosa, G., Gonzalez, J.H. and Gardea-Torresdey, J.L., 2004. Effects of the growth stage on the heavy metal tolerance of alfalfa plants. Advances in Environmental Research, 8(3-4), pp.679-685.
Gjorgieva, D., Kadifkova Panovska, T., Ruskovska, T., Bačeva, K. and Stafilov, T., 2013. Influence of heavy metal stress on antioxidant status and DNA damage in Urtica dioica. BioMed Research International.
Oladoye, P. O., Olowe, O. M., & Asemoloye, M. D. (2021). Phytoremediation technology and food security impacts of heavy metal contaminated soils: A review of literatures. Chemosphere, 132555.
