بررسی کمی و کیفی جنگل شهری مناطق یک و پنج شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی :
منابع طبیعی
مریم داغستانی
1
(
استادیار، گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
)
سارا کلهری
2
(
فارغ التحصیل گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد ابهر، د انشگاه ازاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران.
)
نینا رجایی
3
(
استادیار، گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران.
)
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/04/20
تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/08/22
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/06/01
کلید واژه:
پایداری,
جنگل شهری,
شهرسازی,
فضای سبز,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف : از مؤلفه های مهم در رسیدن به پایداری شهری داشتن محیط زیست سالم، مطلوب و دسترسی به فضای سبز کافی است. جنگل های شهری بهترین عملکرد را میان فضاهای سبز در نقش های گوناگون ایفا می کنند، بررسی جنگل های شهری یکی از راهکارهای مهم برای حل بسیاری از معضلات زیست محیطی است. هدف اصلی تحقیق داشتن اطلاعات دقیق از ساختار فضای سبز به منظور حفاظت و توسعه فضای سبز است.روش بررسی: این پژوهش به بررسی وضعیت کمی و کیفی و مقایسه دو منطقه از شهر تهران با هدف کسب اطلاعات برای حفاظت و توسعه بهینه فضای سبز می پردازد.به این منظور تعداد 83 درخت قطعه نمونه در دو منطقه به روش سیستماتیک تصادفی آماربرداری شدند. در درون کرت ها برخی مشخصه های رویش درخت ها اندازه گیری شدند و سپس شاخص‌های توصیفی، جداول توافقی آزمون‌های آماری برای بررسی و مقایسه کمیت و کیفیت درختان مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. داده های این تحقیق در سال 1397 جمع آوری شده اند.یافته ها: نتایج بیانگر وجود تفاوت معنی دار در تاج پوشش جنگل های شهری دو منطقه است و در سایر مشخصه ها تفاوت معنی داری مشاهده نشد. نتایج نشان داد که گونه چنار (Platanus orientalis)دارای بیشترین فراوانی در دو منطقه است. بین مشخصه های اندازه گیری شده درصد تاج پوشش دو منطقه تفاوت معنی داری را نشان داد. بین مشخصه شیب قطعه نمونه ها با ارتفاع، قطربرابرسینه، قطر بن، تعداد پایه در قطعه نمونه و تعداد پاجوش درخت ها رابطه مثبت و معنی داری وجود دارد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: علی رغم عدم تفاوت معنی دار در میانگین شادابی گونه های دو منطقه، نتایج نشان داد بالاترین میزان شادابی گونه ها در منطقه یک مربوط به بلوط (Quercus macranthera)، توت سفید (Morus alba)و تبریزی ( Populus nigra) و در منطقه پنج مربوط به اقاقیا (Robiniap pseudoacacia)و آیلان (Ailanthus altissima) بوده است. بنابراین گونه های ذکر شده برای توسعه جنگل های شهری در این مناطق قابل توصیه هستند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: An important achievment to urban stability is enjoyment of healthy and wellbeeing environment and having enough green space. While the urban forests do the best performance among different groups of green spaces, therefore, evaluating of this topic, is one of the important methods for solving of environmental problems.Material and Methodology: This study will pay attention to check of the quantitative and qualitative status and comparison of two regions of Tehran with the goal of obtaining information for the conservation and optimal development of green space. Collecting the data, were conducted through the field operation and systematic randomly sampling. Totally, 83 plots in two regions have been determined. Then, descriptive indices, adaptive tables of statistical tests for assessing and comparing of quantity and quality of trees in these two regions have been used.Findings: The results indicated that there was a significant difference in the crown cover of urban forests between two regions with no significant difference in other traits. Results showed buttonwood (Platanus orientalis) had highest frequency within two regions. There was a positive and significant correlation between traits like, plots with height, diameter at breast height, main collar diameter, number of tree in plot and number of roots.Discussion and Conclusion: While there weren't any difference between succulence of trees in two regions, results showed the highest level of freshness in regions 1 were obtained by oak (Quercus macranthera), white berry (Morus alba) and Poplar (Populus nigra) and in 5 regions regarding to acacia (Robinia Pseudoacacia) and trees of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) were respectively. Therefore, the species listed for the development of urban forests in these areas can be investigated.
منابع و مأخذ:
Alavi, A., Garousi, A.R., ShahrokhiFar, Z. and Nasiri Majd, S. 2016. Assessment amount of satisfaction citizens of quantitative and qualitative green space with approach sustainable development. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Urban Design, 4 (2): 31-42. (Farsi with English abstract)
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Tabari khochaksarai, S., Laghai, H.A., Hosseini, S.M. and Tabari khochaksarai, M. 2013. Qualitative-Quantitative Assessment of Urban Parks and Determining Green Spaces for Sustainable Development. Journal of Natural Ecosystem of Iran, 3(3): 27-39. (In Farsi with English abstract)
N., Swanwick, C. and Woolley. H. 2002.Improving Urban Parks,Play Areas and Green Spaces.Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions, 2002 - City planning - 214 pages.
Laghai, H.A., Bahmanpour, H., and Heidari, F. 2009. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of parks and green spaces in city of Tehran (case study). Science and Research Branch, 7(1): 2-13. (In Persian)
Pourahmad, A., Akbarpoursarskanroud, K. and Sotudeh, S. 2010. Management of Urban Green Space in Zone 9 of Tehran. Human Geigraphy Research Quarterly, 42 (69): 29-50. (In Farsi)
Ebrahimzadeh, A. And Hatami, R.2014. An Analysis of Urban Green Management Performance and Its Social Productivity in Izeh City. Regional Planning Quarterly, 4 (13): 44-31. (In Persian)
Manlun, Y. 2003. Suitability Analysis of Urban Green Space System Based on GIS. MS Thesis, ITC, Enschede, the Netherlands. P.?
Carman,M. 2003. "public places-urban spaces", the dimetion of urban desigin-oxford. Publisher: routledge, 2nd P.?
Zobeiry, M. 2002 .Forest inventory measurement of tree and forest. 411pp. (In Persian)
Hasibi, A.R., Fallah Farbod, Sh. and Laghai, H.A. 2014. Theory and Techniques for Revitalization of Urban Park in Old Context of City with Emphasis on Conservation of Cultural and Historical Heritage (Case study: The First Tehran’s public park). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(3): 137-154. (In Farsi with English abstract)
Marvi Mohadjer MR. 2012. Silviculture. Tehran, Iran: University of Tehran Press, 387pp. (In Persian)
Longe, S.P., and Naidu, S.L. 2002. Effects of oxidants at the biochemical, cell and physiological levels, with particular reference to ozone. Journals of Air pollution and plant life. 69-88 pp.
Zayyari, K., Vahedian Beiky, L.and Parnoon, Z. 2012. The Study of Environmental Crisis and Local Distribution of Green Space in Tehran City. Journal of Urban - Regional Studies and Research, 4(14): 101-114. (In Farsi with English abstract)
Azady Ghatar, S. 2012. Study and evaluation of information management quality in Babolsar Municipality, and the development and design of SDI conceptual model, a graduate degree course in the field of measurement and geographic information system, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran.(In Persian). P.?
Sheibani, M. 1996. Homogeneous Development and Urban Green Space, Green Space Quarterly, Parks & Green Space Organization of Tehran. (In Persian)
Aminian, M. and Aminian, M. 2014. Sustainable urban green space development with integrated urban management approach. Sixth National Conference on Urban Planning and Management with emphasis on Islamic city, Mashhad. (In Persian)
Bahraini, S.A. 1999.modernism, postmodernism, and after in urban design and planning, University of Tehran Press. 362pp.(In Persian)
Momeni Moghadam, T. Hoseini, S.M. Makhdum, M. and Akbarinia, M. 2006. The study of ecological and silvicultural characteristics of natural stands Juniperus Polycarpus in Kopedagh. Mohitshenasi Journal.40: 109-116 (In Farsi with English abstract)
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Alavi, A., Garousi, A.R., ShahrokhiFar, Z. and Nasiri Majd, S. 2016. Assessment amount of satisfaction citizens of quantitative and qualitative green space with approach sustainable development. Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Urban Design, 4 (2): 31-42. (Farsi with English abstract)
Saeed Nia, A. 2004. Urban Management, Municipal Green Book, Vol. 11, Publications of Municipality and Dehighareh Organization of the country.(In Persian)
Majnonian H. 1996. Parks, Green Spaces, and Promenades. Parks and Green Spaces Org Press, Tehran. (In Persian)
Tabari khochaksarai, S., Laghai, H.A., Hosseini, S.M. and Tabari khochaksarai, M. 2013. Qualitative-Quantitative Assessment of Urban Parks and Determining Green Spaces for Sustainable Development. Journal of Natural Ecosystem of Iran, 3(3): 27-39. (In Farsi with English abstract)
N., Swanwick, C. and Woolley. H. 2002.Improving Urban Parks,Play Areas and Green Spaces.Department for Transport, Local Government and the Regions, 2002 - City planning - 214 pages.
Laghai, H.A., Bahmanpour, H., and Heidari, F. 2009. The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of parks and green spaces in city of Tehran (case study). Science and Research Branch, 7(1): 2-13. (In Persian)
Pourahmad, A., Akbarpoursarskanroud, K. and Sotudeh, S. 2010. Management of Urban Green Space in Zone 9 of Tehran. Human Geigraphy Research Quarterly, 42 (69): 29-50. (In Farsi)
Ebrahimzadeh, A. And Hatami, R.2014. An Analysis of Urban Green Management Performance and Its Social Productivity in Izeh City. Regional Planning Quarterly, 4 (13): 44-31. (In Persian)
Manlun, Y. 2003. Suitability Analysis of Urban Green Space System Based on GIS. MS Thesis, ITC, Enschede, the Netherlands. P.?
Carman,M. 2003. "public places-urban spaces", the dimetion of urban desigin-oxford. Publisher: routledge, 2nd P.?
Zobeiry, M. 2002 .Forest inventory measurement of tree and forest. 411pp. (In Persian)
Hasibi, A.R., Fallah Farbod, Sh. and Laghai, H.A. 2014. Theory and Techniques for Revitalization of Urban Park in Old Context of City with Emphasis on Conservation of Cultural and Historical Heritage (Case study: The First Tehran’s public park). Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(3): 137-154. (In Farsi with English abstract)
Marvi Mohadjer MR. 2012. Silviculture. Tehran, Iran: University of Tehran Press, 387pp. (In Persian)
Longe, S.P., and Naidu, S.L. 2002. Effects of oxidants at the biochemical, cell and physiological levels, with particular reference to ozone. Journals of Air pollution and plant life. 69-88 pp.
Zayyari, K., Vahedian Beiky, L.and Parnoon, Z. 2012. The Study of Environmental Crisis and Local Distribution of Green Space in Tehran City. Journal of Urban - Regional Studies and Research, 4(14): 101-114. (In Farsi with English abstract)
Azady Ghatar, S. 2012. Study and evaluation of information management quality in Babolsar Municipality, and the development and design of SDI conceptual model, a graduate degree course in the field of measurement and geographic information system, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran.(In Persian). P.?
Sheibani, M. 1996. Homogeneous Development and Urban Green Space, Green Space Quarterly, Parks & Green Space Organization of Tehran. (In Persian)
Aminian, M. and Aminian, M. 2014. Sustainable urban green space development with integrated urban management approach. Sixth National Conference on Urban Planning and Management with emphasis on Islamic city, Mashhad. (In Persian)
Bahraini, S.A. 1999.modernism, postmodernism, and after in urban design and planning, University of Tehran Press. 362pp.(In Persian)
Momeni Moghadam, T. Hoseini, S.M. Makhdum, M. and Akbarinia, M. 2006. The study of ecological and silvicultural characteristics of natural stands Juniperus Polycarpus in Kopedagh. Mohitshenasi Journal.40: 109-116 (In Farsi with English abstract)
