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  • بررسی و امکان‌سنجی روش‌های احیاء و پاک‌سازی خاکچال‌های قدیمی و رهاشده (مطالعه موردی: خاکچال بابا حیدر)

اشتراک گذاری

آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : JEST-1705-3620 (R2) بازدید : 63 صفحه: 95 - 109

10.22034/jest.2020.27146.3620

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی و امکان‌سنجی روش‌های احیاء و پاک‌سازی خاکچال‌های قدیمی و رهاشده (مطالعه موردی: خاکچال بابا حیدر)

محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)

محمدصادق نیکنام 1 (کارشناس ارشد آلودگی‌های محیط‌زیست، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.)
مهدی جلیلی قاضی زاده 2 (استادیار گروه فناوری‌های محیط زیست، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات).)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/02/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/12/02 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/09/01

کلید واژه: احیاء و پاک‌سازی, پسماند, خاکچال رهاشده, باباحیدر,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: یکی از مشکلات خاکچال‌ یا به عبارتی دیگر لندفیل‌های قدیمی و رها‌شده مساله آلودگی های زیست محیطی جانبی آن است. خاکچال باباحیدر در مجاورت مخزن سد باباحیدر و در سه کیلومتری شهری با همین نام در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری واقع شده است و پسماندهای تولیدی این شهر و برخی از روستاهای اطراف آن به این خاکچال وارد شده و تلنبار می‌شود. ازآنجایی‌که یکی از اهداف اصلی احداث سد تأمین آب شرب منطقه است، لذا وجود این خاکچال می تواند باعث آلوده شدن آب در مخزن سد شده و عملکرد سد را با مشکل مواجه نماید. از این رو در مطالعه حاضر روش های موجود برای مواجهه با این نوع خاکچال ها از لحاظ فنی، اقتصادی و زیست محیطی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش بررسی: به منظور انتخاب بهترین گزینه برای مواجهه با خاکچال مورد مطالعه ابتدا تمام روش های موجود برای مواجهه با خاکچال باباحیدر مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند و سپس روش‌های دارای پتانسیل اجرا شامل پوشاندن خاکچال، حفاری و انتقال به خاکچال جدید، تصفیه با روش خاک‌شوئی و محصورسازی با اجرای دیوار جداکننده مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از انواع معیار‌های مقایسه از نظر فنی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی نشان داد که شیوه تصفیه با روش خاک‌شویی از لحاظ پیچیدگی فناوری و نیاز به تجهیزات خاص، راهبری تخصصی، نیاز به آب، مواد مصرفی و شیمیایی، هزینه‌های سرمایه‌گذاری و راهبری، شرایط خاصی را می‌طلبد که اجرایی شدن این روش را با مشکل مواجه می‌کند. در مقابل روش حفاری و انتقال به خاکچال جدید از لحاظ پارامتر‌های فوق‌الذکر بیش ترین قابلیت را برای اجرا دارد. روش‌های پوشاندن خاکچال و محصور‌سازی با اجرای دیوار‌های جداکننده از لحاظ شرایط و پیچیدگی های اجرایی مابین دو روش فوق قرار دارند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: با بررسی، مقایسه و امکان سنجی روش های دارای پتانسیل اجرا جهت پاک‌سازی و احیاء خاکچال مشخص گردید که از میان روش های مختلف احیاء و پاک سازی، روش حفاری و انتقال به خاکچال جدید نسبت به سایر روش‌ها از دیدگاه فنی، اقتصادی و زیست محیطی مناسب تر و دارای قابلیت بیش تری برای اجرا است. از این رو به کارگیری این روش برای خاکچال باباحیدر پیشنهاد می گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: One of the problems in the old landfills in the world is the side environmental pollution. Babaheydar landfill is in the vicinity of the Babaheydar’s dam reservoir and located three kilometers away from the city of the same name in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province and municipal solid waste of Babaheydar city and some surrounding villages is being imported and dumped to this landfill. Since one of the main objectives of Babaheydar’s dam is supplying drinking water and the presence of these landfill can contaminate the dam reservoir water. Therefore, in this study existing methods for facing with this type of landfills was investigating technically, economically and environmentally. Method: In order to select the best option for facing with the landfill, at first, all of the available methods were studied. Then feasible methods such as landfill capping, landfill mining, treatment with soil washing and subsurface cut-off walls were investigated. Findings: Comparison results according to technical, economic and environmental aspects show that soil washing technique in terms of technology and need for special equipment, specialized management, need for water, materials and chemicals, investment and management costs require specific conditions that make the implementation of this method difficult. In opposite, excavation and transfer to a new landfill in terms of above parameters has most potential to execute. The methods of landfill capping and enclosing with subsurface cut-off walls are between two mentioned methods. Discussion and Conclusion: With investigation, feasibility and Comparison of potential executable methods for reclamation and remediation of landfill, it was found that the method of excavation and transfer to a new landfill compared to other methods is more suitable technically, economically and environmentally. Thus, applying of this method is recommended for Babaheydar landfill.  

منابع و مأخذ:


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    43.

 
 



 

_||_

  1. Alavi Moghadam M, Mokhtarani N, Mokhtarani B. Municipal solid waste management in Rasht City, Iran. Waste Management. 2009;29(1):485-489.
    2.
  2. EPA. Available and Emerging Technologies for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills Office of Air and Radiation. 2011:1-28.
    3.
  3. Eskandari M, Homaee M, Mahmodi S. An integrated multi criteria approach for landfill siting in a conflicting environmental, economical and socio-cultural area. Waste management. 2012;32(8):1528-1538.
    4.
  4. Nabizadeh R., M. Heidari, MS. Hassanvand, Municipal Solid Waste Analysis in Iran, Iran. J. Health & Environ., 2008, Vol. 1, N0. 1: 9-18. [Persian]
    5.
  5. EPA. Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States: Facts and Figures for 2012. Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 2012:14.
    6.
  6. Kim H, Endo D, Sato M, Matsuo T, Matsuto T. Estimation of water movement in a closed landfill based on tracer tests in gas vents and changes in leachate quality. Waste management. 2009;29(8):2308-2315.
    7.
  7. Panahandeh M., Arastou B., Ghavidel A., Ghanbari F., Use of Analytical Hierarchy Process Model (AHP) in Landfill Site Selection of Semnan Town, Iran. J. Health & Environ., 2010, Vol. 2, N0. 4: 276-283. [Persian]
    8.
  8. OzeairAbessi MS. Site selection of a hazardous waste landfill using GIS technique and priority processing, a power plant waste in Qazvin Province case example. Environmental sciences. 2009;6(4):121-134.
    9.
  9. Ehrampoush M, Moghadam MB. Survey of knowledge, attitude and practice of Yazd University of Medical Sciences students about solid wastes disposal and recycling. Iranian journal of environmental health science & engineering. 2005;2(2):26-30.
    10.
  10. Khamehchiyan M, Nikoudel MR, Boroumandi M. Identification of hazardous waste landfill site: a case study from Zanjan province, Iran. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2011;64(7):1763-1776.
    11.
  11. Sharifi M, Hadidi M, Vessali E, Mosstafakhani P, Taheri K, Shahoie S, et al. Integrating multi-criteria decision analysis for a GIS-based hazardous waste landfill sitting in Kurdistan Province, western Iran. Waste management. 2009;29(10):2740-2758.
    12.
  12. Akbari V, Rajabi M, Chavoshi S, Shams R. Landfill site selection by combining GIS and fuzzy multi criteria decision analysis, case study: Bandar Abbas, Iran. World Applied Sciences Journal. 2008;3(1):39-47.
    13.
  13. Yazdani M, Monavari M, Omrani GA, Shariat M, Hosseini M. The Evaluation of Municipal Landfill Sites in North of Iran through Comparing BC Guideline and Iran Legislation. Journal of Environmental Protection. 2013;4:811.
    14.
  14. Uchrin CG, Park SS. VI. 4 Municipal landfills. A case study: remediation and reclamation at Nanji Island. Waste Management Series. 2004;4:807-813.
    15.
  15. Ezyske C, Deng Y. Landfill Management and Remediation Practices in New Jersey, United States. Chapter; 2012.
    16.
  16. Vasudevan NK, Vedachalam S, Sridhar D, editors. Study on the various methods of landfill remediation. Workshop on Sustainable Landfill Management; 2003.
    17.
  17. Tchobanoglous G, Theisen H, Vigil S. Integrated Solid Waste Management: Engineering Principles and Management Issues: McGraw-Hill; 1993
    18.
  18. Simon F-G, Müller WW. Standard and alternative landfill capping design in Germany. Environmental Science & Policy. 2004;7(4):277-290.
    19.
  19. Svensson N, Frändegård P, Krook J, Eklund M, editors. Introducing an approach to assess environmental pressures from integrated remediation and landfill mining. Knowledge Collaboration & Learning for Sustainable Innovation, ERSCP-EMSU conference, Delft, The Netherlands, October 2010; 25-29.
    20.
  20. Frändegård P, Krook J, Svensson N, Eklund M. A novel approach for environmental evaluation of landfill mining. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2013;55:24-34.
    21.
  21. Cunningham SD, Berti WR. Remediation of contaminated soils with green plants: an overview. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant. 1993;29(4):207-212.
    22.
  22. Blowes DW, Ptacek CJ, Jambor JL. In-situ remediation of Cr (VI)-contaminated groundwater using permeable reactive walls: laboratory studies. Environmental Science & Technology. 1997;31(12):3348-3357.
    23.
  23. Waybrant K, Blowes D, Ptacek C. Selection of reactive mixtures for use in permeable reactive walls for treatment of mine drainage. Environmental Science & Technology. 1998;32(13):1972-1979.
    24.
  24. Gvirtzman H, Gorelick SM. The concept of in-situ vapor stripping for removing VOCs from groundwater. Transport in porous media. 1992;8(1):71-92.
    25.
  25. report I. In-Well Vapor Stripping Technology. Demonstrated at US Department of Energy Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton, New York. 2002;6:1-50.
    26.
  26. Lamb DT, Heading S, Bolan N, Naidu R. Use of biosolids for phytocapping of landfill soil. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2012;223(5):2695-2705.
    27.
  27. Kim K-R, Owens G. Potential for enhanced phytoremediation of landfills using biosolids–a review. Journal of environmental management. 2010;91(4):791-797.
    28.
  28. Dermont G, Bergeron M, Mercier G, Richer-Laflèche M. Soil washing for metal removal: a review of physical/chemical technologies and field applications. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2008;152(1):1-31.
    29.
  29. Mann MJ. Full-scale and pilot-scale soil washing. Journal of hazardous materials. 1999;66(1):119-136.
    30.
  30. Dragun J. Geochemistry and soil chemistry reactions occurring during in situ vitrification. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 1991;26(3):343-364.
    31.
  31. Çoruh S, Ergun ON. Leaching characteristics of copper flotation waste before and after vitrification. Journal of environmental management. 2006;81(4):333-338.
    32.
  32. Devlin J, Parker B. Optimum hydraulic conductivity to limit contaminant flux through cutoff walls. Groundwater. 1996;34(4):719-726.
    33.
  33. Schönfelder W, Dietrich J, Märten A, Kopinga K, Stallmach F. NMR studies of pore formation and water diffusion in self-hardening cut-off wall materials. Cement and concrete research. 2007;37(6):902-908.
    34.
  34. Koda E. Influence of vertical barrier surrounding old sanitary landfill on eliminating transport of pollutants on the basis of numerical modelling and monitoring results. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2012;21(4):929-935.
    35.
  35. Koda E, Wiencław E, Martelli L. Transport modelling and monitoring research use for efficiency assessment of vertical barrier surrounding old sanitary landfill. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW Land Reclamation. 2009;41(1):41-48.
    36.
  36. Harbottle MJ, Al-Tabbaa A, Evans C. A comparison of the technical sustainability of in situ stabilisation/solidification with disposal to landfill. Journal of hazardous materials. 2007;141(2):430-340.
    37.
  37. Qian G, Cao Y, Chui P, Tay J. Utilization of MSWI fly ash for stabilization/solidification of industrial waste sludge. Journal of hazardous materials. 2006;129(1):274-281.
    38.
  38. Hogland W, Marques M, Nimmermark S. Landfill mining and waste characterization: a strategy for remediation of contaminated areas. Journal of material Cycles and Waste management. 2004 Sep 1;6(2):119-24.
    39.
  39. Vidali M. Bioremediation. an overview. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2001 Aug;73(7):1163-72.
    40.
  40. Mulligan CN, Yong RN, Gibbs BF. Remediation technologies for metal-contaminated soils and groundwater: an evaluation. Engineering geology. 2001 Jun 30;60(1):193-207.
    41.
  41. Hamby DM. Site remediation techniques supporting environmental restoration activities—a review. Science of the Total Environment. 1996 Nov 22;191(3):203-24.
    42.
  42. Hogland W. Remediation of an old landsfill site. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2002 Jan 1;9:49-54.
    43.

 
 



 

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