بررسی انتروویروس‌های شیر آب مصرفی و آب چاه بوستان‌های منتخب شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست
امیرمحمد فرهودی
1
,
گیتی کاشی
2
,
رضا حاجی سید محمد شیرازی
3
,
سیده هدی رحمتی
4
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی محیط زیست- آب و فاضلاب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: انتروویروس, آب چاه, بوستان, روش کشت, روش واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز (PCR), شمارش بشقابی هتروتروفی. ,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: مطالعات سرم‌شناسی تاکنون ۶۶ نوع انتروویروس انسانی را با استفاده از آنتی‌بادی آن‌ها شناسایی کرده است. عفونت‌های انتروویروسی غالبا بدون علامت هستند، لکن شاید به طیف متنوعی از بیماری‌های کلینیکی منجر شوند. نظیر بیماری تب ملایم، بیماری‌های شدید پوستی،معده‌ای-روده‌ای، تنفسی،قلبی-عروقی و سیستم مرکزی عصبی. تعدادی از کشورها افزون بر سیستم نظارت پولیومیلیت، برنامه‌های نظارت جامع برای انتروویروس‌های غیرپولیو را نیز تدوین کرده‌اند. هدف اصلی از این مطالعه تحقیق درباره انتروویروس‌ها در شیر آب مصرفی و آب چاه بوستان‌های منتخب شهر تهران است.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه آنالیزی نمونه‌ها به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شد. نمونه‌ها از شیر آب مصرفی 22 نمونه و آب چاه ۶ نمونه از بوستان‌های منتخب در نواحی مختلف شهر تهران از تاریخ 15شهریور تا30 آبان 1398 تهیه شد. نمونه‌ها در ظروف استریل براساس دستورالعمل روش‌های استاندارد ملی جمع‌آوری شد. در این تحقیق انتروویروس‌ها با استفاده از واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز (RT-PCR) ارزیابی‌شد.
یافته ها: این مطالعه میانگین انتروویروس‌ها شیر آب مصرفی و آب‌چاه بوستان‌های منتخب شهر تهران با روش RT-PCR به‌ترتیب85/0±18/0 و 63/1±1/0 را نشان داد. میانگین باکتری‌های بشقابی هترتروفی شیر آب مصرفی و آب چاه بوستان‌های منتخب شهر تهران با روش کشت R2A آگاربه ترتیب 05/3± 05/6 و 26/2±97/85 بدست آمد. افزایش دما و کدورت به افزایش باکتری‌های بشقابی هترتروفی و انتروویروس‌ها منجرمی‌شود.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: کاهش کلر باقی‌مانده آب در برخی نقاط به افزایش باکتری‌های بشقابی هترتروفی و انتروویروس‌ها منجر می‌شود. کنترل آلودگی و استراتژی‌های پیشگیری به منظور کاهش ریسک حضور انتروویروس‌ها برای تهیه منابع آب سالم به مقامات بهداشت عمومی پیشنهاد می‌شود.
Background and Objective: Serology studies have identified 66 types of human Enteroviruses using their antibodies. Enterovirus infections are often asymptomatic, but may lead to a variety of clinical diseases such as mild fever, severe skin, gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous system diseases. In addition to the polio monitoring system, a number of countries have developed comprehensive monitoring programs for non-polio Enteroviruses. The main goal of this study is to investigate the Enteroviruses in tap consumed water and well water in selected parks in Tehran city.
Material and Methodology: In this analytical study to sample, random sampling is used. 22 samples are taken from tap consumed water and water well (6 samples) in selected parks in different areas in Tehran city, from September 6 to November 20, 2019. The samples are collected in sterile bottle according to procedure detailed in national standard methods. In this study, Enteroviruses are measured using polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method.
Findings: This study shows that the mean of Enteroviruses in tap consumed water and well water selected in Tehran by RT-PCR method were 0.18±0.85 and 0.1±1.63, respectively. The mean of plate heterotrophic bacteria of tap consumed water and well water of selected parks in Tehran city are obtained by R2A agar culture method of 6.05±3.05 and 85.97±2.26, respectively. Increased temperature and turbidity lead to an increase in Heterotrophic plate bacteria and Enteroviruses.
Discussion and Conclusion: Reduction of residual chlorine in water in some places leads to an increase in Heterotrophic plate bacteria and enteroviruses. Infection control and preventive strategies planning in order to reducing the exposure risk to Enteroviruses due to producing a safe water supply is purposed to public health authorities.
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