شبیه سازی فرآیند تولید گاز متان از پسماندهای دامی در یک بیوراکتور ناپیوسته

محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدید پذیر

حسین بیکی ¹ , الهام جانانه ²

1 - استادیار گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی قوچان، قوچان، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات).
2 - پزشک عمومی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی مشهد، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/12/26 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/08/01

کلید واژه: مدل‌سازی ریاضی, بیوراکتور ناپیوسته, تخمیر بی‌هوازی, تولید گاز متان,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: با توجه به اهمیت حفظ محیط زیست و ضرورت استفاده از انرژی های نو و جایگزین سوخت های مرسوم، استفاده از انرژی های تجدید پذیر مورد توجه فراوان قرار گرفته است. با توجه به این ضرورت در این پژوهش یک بیوراکتور ناپیوسته تولید گاز متان از پسماندهای دامی مدل سازی و شبیه سازی شده است. روش بررسی: از سینتیک مونود برای بیان رابطه بین سرعت رشد میکروارگانیسم‌ها و غلظت سوبسترا استفاده شده است. معادلات مصرف سوبسترا و تولید میکروارگانیسم ها و گاز متان از روش عددی رانگ کوتای مرتبه چهار حل می شوند. اثر غلظت اولیه میکروارگانیسم ها بر تولید گاز متان نیز بررسی شده است. غلظت اولیه سوبسترا و میکروارگانیسم ها به ترتیب g/L 74/51 و g/L 61/1 می باشد. یافته ها: نتایج بدست آمده از این پژوهش نشان داد که مدل ریاضی حدود %53/8 از داده های آزمایشگاهی انحراف دارد. بر اساس مدل ارایه شده میزان گاز متان تولید شده پس از 70 روز برابر با g/L 29/10 می‌باشد. میزان تجزیه سوبسترا و تولید گاز متان، به زمان ماند سوبسترا بستگی دارد. افزایش غلظت اولیه میکروارگانیسم ها موجب تولید گاز متان در مدت زمان کم تری می شود. میزان گاز متان تولیدی مستقل از غلظت اولیه میکروارگانیسم ها می باشد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: مدل ارایه شده در این پژوهش می تواند برای پیش گویی مدت زمان مورد نیاز برای انجام واکنش، عملکرد بهینه بیوراکتور، طراحی تجهیزات فرآیندی مربوطه، افزایش مقیاس تجهیزات، مانند مخزن ذخیره سازی و کنترل مناسب جهت تولید متان با خلوص بالا و حجم بیش تر در بیوراکتورها مناسب باشد..

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Considering the importance of environmental protection and necessity of using new energy sources and innovative fuels, using of renewable energies have been a great concern. Due to this necessity, in this study, mathematical modeling and simulation of a batch bioreactor to produce methane from livestock waste was investigated numerically. Method: The relationship between microorganism’s growth rate and substrate concentration were established by Monod model. The equations of mathematical model were solved with fourth order Rung Kutta. The effect of initial microorganisms’ concentration on methane production was also investigated. Initial concentration of substrate and microorganisms are 51.74 g/L and 1.61 g/L, respectively. Findings: The results revealed that the mathematical model average deviation from experimental data is 8.53%. The amount of methane produced after 70 days is equal to 10.29 g/L. The substrate disintegration and methane production are a function of substrate retention time. Enhancement in the initial concentration of microorganisms causes methane gas production in less time. The amount of methane gas produced is independent of initial microorganisms’ concentration. Discussion and Conclusion: The model which presented in this study could be used to predict the time required to carry out the reaction, ooptimum performance of bioreactor, the relevant process equipment design, scale up of equipment such as digestive and appropriate control of operation to produce high-purity methane and higher volume of biogas in the bioreactor.

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