رتبه‌بندی راهبردهای بیابان‌زدایی با استفاده از تئوری مطلوبیت چند معیاره (MAUT)(مطالعه موردی: منطقه خضرآباد یزد)

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت بلایای طبیعی

محمد حسن صادقی روش ¹ (- دانشیارگروه محیط زیست، واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران* (مسوول مکاتبات))
بهاره جبالبارزی ² (دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت مناطق بیابانی دانشگاه تهران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/11/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/03/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/08/01

کلید واژه: تئوری مطلوبیت چند معیاره (MAUT), آنتروپی‌شانون, مدل‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند شاخصه (MADM), مقایسه زوجی, بیابان‌زدایی,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیده زمینه و هدف: در حال حاظر بیابان زایی به عنوان یک معضل گریبان گیر بسیاری از کشورهای جهان از جمله کشورهای درحال توسعه می باشد. علیرغم اثرات جدی زیست محیطی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی این پدیده، کوشش های اندکی در زمینه ارایه راهبردهای بهینه صورت پذیرفته است. از این رو هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی راهبردهای بیابان زدایی به منظور دست یابی به راهبردهای بهینه در چارچوب مدیریت پایدار مناطق بیابانی می باشد. روش بررسی: جهت دست یابی به این هدف، در چارچوب مدل های تصمیم گیری چند شاخصه، تئوری مطلوبیت چند معیاره (MAUT)، استفاده شد. در این روش برای تعیین وزن معیارها و راهبردها از تکنیک دلفی (Delphi) و آنتروپی شانون تعدیل شده (Modify Shannon Entropy) استفاده گردید و برای رتبه بندی نهایی راهبردها نیز از تابع مطلوبیت چند معیاره (MAUT) استفاده شد. این مدل به منظور ارزیابی کارایی در ارایه راهبردهای بهینه، در منطقه خضرآباد یزد مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. یافته ها: بر مبنای نتایج حاصل شده، راهبردهای جلوگیری از تبدیل و تغییر نامناسب کاربری اراضی (18A) با ضریب مطلوبیت 7429/0، توسعه و احیاء پوشش گیاهی (23A) با ضریب مطلوبیت 6573/0 و تعدیل در برداشت از منابع آب زیرزمینی (31A) با ضریب مطلوبیت 3184/0، به ترتیب به عنوان مهم ترین راهبردهای بیابان زدایی در منطقه تشخیص داده شدند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش به مدیران مناطق بیابانی این امکان را می دهد که امکانات و سرمایه های محدود اختصاص یافته به منظور کنترل روند بیابان زایی را به شیوه های صحیح و کارآمد به کاربندند تا ضمن دستیابی به نتایج بهتر، از هدر رفتن سرمایه های ملی جلوگیری کنند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Today, desertification is considered as a severe problem in most countries of the world, including the developing ones. Despite the serious environmental, social and economical impact of desertification phenomenon, few studies have been done to provide optimal alternatives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the alternatives for combating desertification in order to achieve optimal alternatives in the context of the sustainable management of deserts. Method: To achieve this goal, the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) has been applied in the context of Multi-Attribute Decision-making (MADM) models. In order to determine the weights of criteria and alternatives, it was used the modified Delphi and Shannon entropy techniques, while the final rating of alternatives was performed using the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) function. The model was applied to evaluate the efficiency in providing the optimal alternatives in Khezerabad Region of Yazd Province. Findings: The results showed that, the alternatives of prevention of unsuitable land use changes (A18) by a utility factor of 0.7429, vegetation cover development and reclamation (A23) by a utility factor of 0.6573 and modification of ground water harvesting (A31) by a utility factor of 0.3184 respectively were identified as the most important alternatives for combating desertification in the region. Discussion and Conclusion: These results might able the managers to properly and efficiently use the limited available facilities and funds in order to control the desertification. In addition, achieveing better results, this might prevent the waste of national resources.

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