بررسی برخی ویژگی های موثر خاک در تفکیک گروه‌های گیاهی نواحی ساحلی (منطقه مورد مطالعه: بندر دیلم، شمال خلیج فارس)

محورهای موضوعی : پهنه بندی گیاهی

رضا شاکری ¹ , حمیدرضا ناصری ² , شهرام یوسفی خانقاه ³ , جواد پوررضایی ⁴

1 - استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء(ص) بهبهان، ایران.* (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات بین المللی بیابان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
3 - استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء(ص) بهبهان، ایران.
4 - استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء(ص) بهبهان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/10/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/12/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/05/01

کلید واژه: خصوصیات خاک, TWINSPAN, شورپسند, خلیج فارس,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: هدف از این مطالعه بررسی ارتباط پوشش گیاهی و عوامل خاکی در سواحل بندر دیلم واقع در خلیج فارس بوده ‌است. این منطقه جزو ناحیه رویشی خلیج- عمانی بوده و کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. روش بررسی: نمونه‌برداری از پوشش با استفاده از 120پلات دو مترمربعی انجام شد و نمونه‌برداری تصادفی از خاک نیز با حفر پنج پروفیل در هر تیپ‌گیاهی انجام شد. روش‌ آنالیز تطبیقی‌ متعارف جهت گروه‌بندی و تعیین رابطه پوشش‌گیاهی با برخی عوامل خاکی به کار گرفته شد. یافته ها: شش تیپ‌گیاهی بر اساس گونه غالب شامل تیپ خالص Halocnemum strobilaceum و دو تیپ Halocnemum, strobilaceum - Plantago cylindrica و Halocnemum strobilaceum - Aeluropus lagopoides که متاثر از جریانات جذر و مدی می‌باشند و تیپ های Gymnocarpos decander - Platychaete mucronifolia، Halothamnus iranicus - Astragalus fasciculifolius و Arthrocnemum macrostachyum با فاصله دورتر از خط ساحل می‌باشند. 66 گونه گیاهی متعلق به 22 تیره شناسائی شد و تیره‌های غالب شامل گندمیان، کاسنی، اسفناجیان و پروانه‌آسا بودند که مجموعاً 5/51 از کل فلور را تشکیل می‌دهند. چهار گروه‌گیاهی با روش TWINSPAN بدست آمد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج واریانس بین داده‌های پوشش‌گیاهی برابر 11/6 می باشد که سه محور اولCCA توانسته است 9/34 درصد از واریانس را تبیین می‌کنند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که مهمترین گردیان‌های موثر شامل نسبت کربنات به بیکربنات، شوری، مقدار گچ و ارتفاع از سطح دریا می باشند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vegetation and soil factors on the shores of Bandar Deylam located in the Persian Gulf. This area is part of the Gulf-Omani vegetation area and has received less attention. Material and Methodology: Plant types were distinguished by physiognomic methods and vegetation sampling was done in 120 plots (2m2) by calculating of vegetation cover. Two ordination techniques including de-trended correspondence analysis (DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were applied to examine the relationships between vegetation and edaphic factors. Findings: Six plant types according to dominant species were Halocnemum strobilaceum, Halocnemum strobilaceum - Plantago cylindrica, Halocnemum strobilaceum - Aeluropus lagopoides near ebb and flow region of sea and Gymnocarpos decander - Platychaete mucronifolia, Halothamnus iranicus - Astragalus fasciculifolius, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum far from sea cost. In each plant type soil sampling was done by digging five profiles randomly. Finally, 66 species representing 22 families were collected. The largest families were Poaceae, Asteraceae, Chenopoiaceae, and Papilionaceae, representing 16.7%, 13.6%, 10.6% and 10.6% of the total flora, respectively. Vegetation was classified using two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), thereby producing four vegetation groups that were linked to habitat types. Discussion and Conclusion: According to results total variance in vegetation was 6.11 and the first two canonical axes accounted for 34.9% of the community-soil factor relationship among plant groups. As identified via CCA, the main gradients were Co3/HCo3 and EC, Gypsum and elevation that associated with soil texture remarkably.

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