بررسی عوامل موثر بر گستردگی پهنه‌بندی سیلاب با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی رودخانه کارون در بازه قلعه زراس تا جعفرآباد
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت آب در مزرعه با هدف بهبود شاخص های مدیریتی آبیاریامیرحسین اسدیان 1 , شهاب امام زاده 2
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد سازه های هیدرولیکی، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: رودخانه کارون, الحاقیه HEC_GEO_RAS, مدل HEC-RAS, پهنه‌بندی سیلاب,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه وهدف:در این مطالعه پهنه بندی سیلاب در رودخانه کارون در بازه قلعه زراس تا جعفرآباد مشخص شده است. به این منظور با استفاده از نقشه توپوگرافی و تصاویر ماهواره ای، مسیر دقیق رودخانه تعیین و پردازش اولیه بر روی اطلاعات آن صورت گرفت. سپس پهنه بندی سیل با دوره های بازگشت 500 سال، 200سال، 100سال، 50 سال، 25سال، 10 سال، 2سال به دست آمد.مواد ها و روش ها: در این تحقیق پهنه بندی سیلاب رودخانه کارون که یکی از رودخانه های اصلی و دائمی استان خوزستان است در بازه قلعه زراس تا جعفر آباد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت . هدف پژوهش حاضر، پهنه بندی خطر وقوع سیلاب وشناسایی روستاهای در معرض خطر سیل، از طریق تهیه نقشه حریم رودخانه برای دوره بازگشت 500 سال، 200 سال، 100 سال، 50سال، 25 سال، 10 سال، 2 سال در رودخانه کارون با استفاده از مدل Hec-RAS در محیط ARC-GIS است. در این پژوهش دبی های این رودخانه بر اساس احتمال وقوع آن با استفاده توزیع آماری Johnson sb محاسبه شد.یافته‌ها: در این پژوهش علاوه بر محاسبه پارامترهای عمق سیلاب و سرعت جریان، عواملی مانند تنش برشی و قدرت جریان برای دوره بازگشت های مختلف محاسبه و مورد برر قرار گرفت. تنش برشی و قدرت جریان جزء پارامترهای موثر در خطر سیلاب می باشد بنابراین بررسی آن‌ها اهمیت دارد.نتایج: در این تحقیق پهنه بندی خطر وقوع سیلاب انجام شد و روستاهای در معرض خطر سیل از طریق تهیه نقشه حریم رودخانه برای دوره بازگشت 500 سال، 200 سال، 100 سال، 50 سال، 25 سال، 10 سال، 2 سال شناسایی شد و دبی های این رودخانه بر اساس احتمال وقوع آن با استفاده توزیع آماری Johnson sb محاسبه شد.از میان 10 روستای واقع در امتداد رودخانه کارون، روستاهای جعفرآباد، کنار هشت لک، قلعه زراس، پل جاده جدید لالی، آسیب پذیرترین مناطق هستند که بدون توجه به قوانین ساخت‌وساز و عدم رعایت حریم رودخانه در بستر اصلی آن ساخته شده اند. عواملی مانند تغییر کاربری اراضی و تبدیل سیلاب‌دشت‌ها به اراضی کشاورزی و باغی، عدم توجه به حریم رودخانه و تجاوز به بسترطغیانی رودخانه سبب افزایش پتانسیل وقوع خطر سیلاب و درنتیجه آسیب‌پذیری بیشتر روستاها به‌ویژه در پهنه سیلابی با دوره بازگشت 500 ساله شده است.
Background and Aim: In this study, the flood zoning in the Karun River in the area between Zaras Castle and Jafarabad has been determined. For this purpose, using the topographic map and satellite images, the exact course of the river was determined and the initial processing was done on its information. Then flood zoning was obtained with return periods of 500 years, 200 years, 100 years, 50 years, 25 years, 10 years, 2 years.Methods: In this research, flood zoning of Karun river, which is one of the main and permanent rivers of Khuzestan province. was investigated in the area from Zaras Castle to Jafar Abad. The aim of the current research is to zonate the risk of flooding occurrence and identify the villages at risk of flooding, through the preparation of the river boundary map for the return period of 500 years, 200 years, 100 years, 50 years, 25 years, 10 years, 2 years in the Karun river using the Hec-RAS model in the ARC-GIS environment. In this research, the discharges of this river are based on the probability of its occurrence using Johnson sb statistical distribution was calculated.Findings: In this research, in addition to calculating flood depth and flow velocity parameters, factors such as shear stress and flow strength for different return periods were calculated and investigate. Shear stress and flow strength are effective parameters in the flood risk, so it is important to investigate them.Results: In this research, flood inundation risk zoning was done and the villages at risk of flooding were identified by preparing a map of the River boundary for the return period of 500 years, 200 years, 100 years, 50 years, 25 years, 10 years, 2 years, and Discharges of this river were calculated based on the probability of its occurrence using the statistical distribution of Johnson sb. Among the 10 villages located along the Karun river, Jafarabad villages, Hasht Lak Kanaar, Zaras Qala, Lali New Road bridge are the most vulnerable areas, which regardless of the rules of construction and non-observance of the river boundary are built in its main bed. Factors such as the change of land use and the transformation of floodplains into agricultural and garden lands, disregarding the river boundary and encroaching on the floodplain of the river have increased the potential of flood risk and as a result the villages are more vulnerable, especially in the flood zone with a return period of 500 years.
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