تحلیل تولید اجتماعی فضا در اقتصاد سیاسی نفت؛ مطالعه مروری
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
جواد ایمانی شاملو
1
,
مجتبی رفیعیان
2
1 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 - استاد دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: اقتصاد سیاسی فضا, اقتصاد نفتی, تحولات فضایی, تحلیل محتوا, رانت,
چکیده مقاله :
فضا از اساسی ترین اجزا سکونتگاه های شهری است که تحولات پیچیده آن به عنوان چالشی دائمی موردتوجه علوم شهری می باشد، به گونه ای که کنترل و هدایت تحولات رخ داده در آن عمدتاً دشوار بوده و این موضوع با پیچیده تر شدن مسائل اجتماعی در دهه های اخیر و چندوجهی شدن پدیده های شهری، پررنگ تر شده است، فرآیندی که نیاز به تقویت رویکردهای قبلی و مجهز شدن آن ها به ابزارهای مضاعف از جنس ارزشی و هنجاری را نمایان ساخته و بستر تحول مفهومی رویکردهای موجود در عرصه فضا و برنامه ریزی را مهیا کرده است. از جمله توجه به تحولات فضایی از منظر رویکردهای سیاسی. درواقع شهرها و به ویژه کلان شهرها به واسطه تمرکز عوامل قدرت و ثروت، نقش بی بدیلی در تحولات دنیای معاصر دارند، به گونه ای که شهرها به واسطه تمرکز سرمایه - به ویژه در قالب سرمایه ثابت- به عنوان منبع مهمی برای جریان سود محسوب می شوند که این جریان از طریق نیروهای سیاسی و عمدتاً به نفع گروه های سرمایه دار محقق می شود؛ لذا بدیهی است کلان شهرهای تحت نظام نفتی با توجه به ویژگی های سیاسی خاص، اسلوب و ساختار فضایی - عملکردی متناظر وضعیت اقتصادی و سیاسی خود را تولید می کنند، بنابراین اکتشاف الگوی مناسبات اجتماعی- شهری در اقتصاد نفتی هدف این پژوهش است. به این منظور با بهره گیری از رویکرد انتقادی به تحلیل اسناد تاریخی موجود در حوزه اجتماعی-فضایی پرداخته شده است. نتایج این مطالعه نشانگر شکل گیری روابط نابرابر اجتماعی و مناسبات سوداگرانه اجتماعی در بستر نظام رانتی - نفتی رشد می کند و این نابرابری ها در ادامه و با گذر از صافی فضا، خود رادر کالبد و ساختار شهری نیز نمایان می نماید.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Cities and especially metropolises, due to the concentration of power and wealth factors, play anirreplaceable role in the developments of the contemporary world, in such a way that cities, due to theconcentration of capital - especially in the form of fixed capital - are considered as an important source for theflow of profit, which this flow through It is realized by political forces and mainly in favor of capitalist groups;Therefore, it is obvious that the metropolises under the oil system produce their style and spatial-functionalstructure corresponding to their economic and political situation, according to the specific politicalcharacteristics, so the exploration of the pattern of social-urban relations in the oil economy is the goal of thisresearch. . For this purpose, using a critical approach, historical documents in the socio-spatial field have beenanalyzed. The results of this study show that the formation of unequal social relations and speculative socialrelations grows in the framework of the rent system, and these inequalities continue to show themselves in thebody and urban structure after passing through the smoothness of the sp.
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Adams, D., Adams, K., Ullah, S., & Ullah, F. (2019). Globalisation, governance, accountability and the natural resource ‘curse’: Implications for socio-economic growth of oil-rich developing countries. Resources Policy, 61, 128-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2019.02.009.
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Bashirieh, H. (2013). An Introduction to the Political Sociology of Iran during the Islamic Republic. [in Persian.] Tehran: Negahe moaser.
BÉNIT‐GBAFFOU, C. L. A. I. R. E., Didier, S., & Peyroux, E. (2012). Circulation of security models in Southern African cities: Between neoliberal encroachment and local power dynamics. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 36(5), 877-889. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2012.01134.x.
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Brenner, N., & Theodore, N. (2005). Neoliberalism and the urban condition. City, 9(1), 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604810500 092106.
Bigdeli, M., (2015). Spatial Restructuring in Metropolitan Regions (Case study: Tehran Metropolitan Region). [In Persian.] Supervisor: M.T. Razavian, PhD. Thesis in Geography & Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Earth Sciences.
Bromber, K., Krawietz, B., Steiner, C., & Wippel, S. (2016). The Arab (ian) Gulf: urban development in the making. In Under construction: Logics of urbanism in the Gulf Region (pp. 25-38). Routledge.
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Castells, M. (1999). Information technology, globalization and social development (Vol. 114). Geneva: UNRISD.
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