طراحی یک مدل تحلیل پوششی داده‌های دومرحله‌ای پویا جهت محاسبه کارایی بخشی و دوره‌ای
محورهای موضوعی :
آمار
رضا سلیمانی دامنه
1
(گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه ولی عصر (عج) رفسنجان)
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/02/17
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/04/30
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/11/01
کلید واژه:
DEA,
Efficiency,
intermediate variables,
carryover variables,
dynamic two-stage structures,
چکیده مقاله :
اندازه‌گیری کارایی سازمان‌ها همواره مورد بحث محققان مختلف بوده است. تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها با در نظرگرفتن ورودی‌ها و خروجی‌های واحدهای تصمیم‌گیرنده امکان محاسبه کارایی نسبی را برای هر واحد فراهم می‌کند. بسیاری از سازمان‌ها دارای ساختار دومرحله‌ای می‌باشند و عملکرد آن‌ها در دوره‌های متوالی به یکدیگر وابسته است. در ارزیابی چنین ساختاری باید کارایی بخشی و کارایی دوره‌ای محاسبه شود. مدل‌های اولیه و مدل‌های شبکه‌ای و پویا به تنهایی قادر به محاسبه این کارایی‌ها نیستند. همچنین مدل‌های شبکه‌ای پویای موجود از ارائه الگو برای واحدهای ناکارا یا حل تمامی چالش‌ها ناتوان هستند. در این پژوهش با تعریف مجموعه امکانات تولید، یک مدل تحلیل پوششی داده‌های دومرحله‌ای پویای ورودی‌محور توسعه داده شد. در این مدل مقدار بهینه متغیرهای میانی و بین‌دوره‌ای توسط مرحله و دوره بعدی تعیین و مراحل و دوره‌ها، از آخرین مرحله آخرین دوره به صورت برگشتی (Backward) کارا می‌شوند. مدل علاوه بر کل ساختار، تک‌تک مراحل و دوره‌ها را نیز کارا می‌کند و تنها در صورتی یک واحد کارای کل می‌شود که در همه مراحل و دوره‌ها کارا باشد. همچنین اثبات شد که تصویر واحد موردارزیابی کارای بخشی، دوره‌ای و کارای کل می‌باشد. با یک مثال کاربردی سه دوره‌ای نحوه استفاده از مدل جهت محاسبه کارایی بخشی و پویا بیان شد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The measurement of organizational efficiency has always been discussed by various researchers. Data envelopment analysis, taking the inputs and outputs of the decision-making units into account, makes it possible to calculate the relative efficiency for each unit. Many organizations have a two-stage structure, and their performance in successive periods depends on each other. In evaluating such a structure, partial and periodic efficiency must be calculated. Early models and network and dynamic models are not able to calculate this performance alone. Models of existing dynamic networks are also unable to provide a projection for inefficient units or solve all challenges. In this study, by defining the PPS, an input-oriented dynamic two-stage DEA was developed. In this model, the optimal value of the intermediate and carryover variables is determined by the next stage and period, and the stages and periods become efficient backward from the last stage of the last period. In addition to the total structure, the model makes efficient all stages and periods and only becomes an efficient unit if it is efficient in all stages and periods. It was also proved that the projection of the unit to be evaluated is partial, periodic, and total efficient. How to use the model to calculate efficiency was expressed by a practical three periodical example.
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