ارزیابی و طبقه بندی ریسک بیمه گذاران در صنعت بیمه با استفاده از تحلیل پوششی داده ها
محورهای موضوعی : آمارسیده نسیم شبیری 1 , محسن رستمی مال خلیفه 2 , هاشم نیکومرام 3 , محمدرضا میری لواسانی 4
1 - گروه حسابداری، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسالمی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه ریاضی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه حسابداری، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
4 - دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: Data Envelopment Analysis, Car insurance, Insurance Industry, Insurer's risk classification,
چکیده مقاله :
صنعت بیمه یکی از مهمترین ارکان توسعه اقتصادی کشورهاست. با مروری بر سهم صنعت بیمه در اقتصاد کشورهای توسعهیافته میتوان دریافت که بیمه در مقایسه با خدمات دیگر نقش و اهمیت بیشتر و چشمگیرتری دارد.انجام هرگونه فعالیت بیمهای مستلزم پذیرش ریسک میباشد. بهعبارت دیگر، شرکتهای بیمه با قبول ریسک، باعث ایجاد آرامش در جامعه میگردند. از طرف دیگر، شرکتهای بیمه بهمنظور مدیریت ریسک دریافتی، نیازمند دسترسی به ابزارهای تحلیل ریسک قدرتمند میباشند. یکی از روشهای شناسایی منابع ریسک و کمیسازی آنها تکنیک تحلیل پوششی دادهها است. بههمین دلیل، تحلیل پوششی دادهها از کاربرد زیادی در صنعت بیمه برخوردار است.در این مقاله با استفاده از داده های مربوط به بیمهنامه های بدنه اتومبیل شرکت بیمه سامان طی سالهای 97-98،ابتدا شاخصهای تاثیرگذار در ریسک بیمهگذاران بیمه بدنه اتومبیل در پایگاه داده موجود شناساییمیگردد و با بررسی دقیق ویژگیهای این شاخصها، آنها در دو گروه ورودی و خروجی دستهبندی میگردند و سپس با استفاده از تحلیل پوششی دادهها مدلی برای پیشبینی میزان ریسک بیمهگذاران آتی (به لحاظ ریسک داشتن خسارت یا عدم خسارت)ارائه میشود. این مدل قابلیت استفاده در سیاستگذاری های آتی شرکت بیمه را دارد. بهعنوان مثال شرکتهای بیمه با استفاده از نتایج تحلیل پوششی دادهها میتوانند میزان حق بیمه دریافتی از بیمهگذاران مختلف را تعدیل کنند و با ایجاد سیستم نرخگذاری مبتنی بر ریسک بیمهگذاران، میزان رضایت بیمهگذاران را افزایش داده و از طرفی سودآوری خود را ارتقا دهند.
One of the most important factors for the economic development of countries is the insurance industry.A closer look at the economies of Developed Countries shows that the insurance industry has a significant contribution in the economic development of these countries. The insurance industry needs to accept the risk in order to carry out any insurance activity. In the other word, the insurance companies create tranquillity in the society by accepting the risk. On the other hand, the insurance companies need to access to the powerful risk analysis tools in order to manage the potential risks. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of the most important techniques to identify the risk resources. Hence, data envelopment analysis is widely used in the insurance industry. This study uses the dataset of the car insurance policies of Saman Insurance Company during the years 2018-2019. First, we identify the effective indicators and examine the properties of these indicators to classify them into input and output groups. Finally, we use data envelopment analysis to propose a model for predictionthe risk of insurers (in terms of existence of damage risk or absence of damage risk). This model can be used in the future policies of the insurance company. For example, the insurance companies can use the results of data envelopment analysis to adjust the premiums received from different insurers and increase the satisfaction for insurers and their profitability by creating a rating system based on the insurers 'risk.
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