The Relationship between the Enclosed Space and the Sense of Territory in Residential Neighborhoods (Case Study: Comparison between Haft-Hoz and Shahrake-Gharb)
محورهای موضوعی : Urban Design
Mohammadmoein Masrour
1
(
M.A., Department of Architecture, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
)
Mohammadjafar Karbaschi
2
(
Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
)
Gholamhosein Naseri
3
(
Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
)
کلید واژه: Sense of Territory, Enclosed Space, Residential Neighborhoods, Iran,
چکیده مقاله :
Organization of living environment is possible through a clear definition of private and public arenas and determinationof a spatial hierarchy. Such defined arenas increase the sense of belonging to the environment which personalizesresidential environments. Enclosure is among the quantities that play a significant role in defining the spaces. In fact,enclosure is the factor that defines a space as a ground for occurrence of other events. Enclosure is an individualsubjective ground to define the space and the primary factor in conversion of space into place. One of the basicfunctions of a house is to determine a territory. This paper considers the concept of territory as an effective factor on thequality of the relationship between the human and his residential environment and investigates the effect of enclosureon this territory. Two residential areas including a part of Haft-Hoz neighborhood and Shahrak-e Gharb (West Town)were selected as the sample of the test. The effects of enclosure factor on the concept of territory were analyzed incommon residential complexes. A qualitative research method was applied and questionnaire was used as the scientificmethod. According to the belief that the relationship between human and the environment depends on many differentfactors, this paper investigates and analyzes the concept of territory and spatial enclosure as one of the effective factorson the quality of the relationship between human and residential environment in the mentioned neighborhoods.
Altman, I. (1975). The environment and social behavior: privacy, personal space, territory, and crowding. Brooks. (Monterey: Cole).
Ansari, M., Jamshidi, S., & Almasifar, N. (2010) Investigation of the Sense of Territory and Territorial Behavior in Urban Parks. Armanshahr Journal, 4, 33-48.
Ardalan, N., Bakhtiar, L., & Haider, S. G. (1973). The sense of unity: the Sufi tradition in Persian architecture (No. 9). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ardrey, R. (1967). The Territorial Imperative: A Personal Inquiry into the Animal Original of Property and Nation. London: Collins.
Bacon, E. N. (1974). Design of cities. London: Thames and Hudson.
Beer, A., & Higgins, C. (2004). Environmental Planning for Site Development: A manual for sustainable local planning and design. London: Routledge.
Bahraini, S. H. &Tajbakhsh, G. (1999). The Concept of Territory in Urban Spaces and the Role of Familiar Urban Design in Its Realization. Journal of Fine Arts, 6, 18-31.
Bishop, I. D., Ye, W. S., & Karadaglis, C. (2001). Experiential approaches to perception response in virtual worlds. Landscape and Urban Planning, 54(1), 117-125.
Campbell, E., Henly, J. R., Elliott, D. S., & Irwin, K. (2009). Subjective constructions of neighborhood boundaries: lessons from a qualitative study of four neighborhoods. Journal of Urban Affairs, 31(4), 461-490.
Canter, D. (1977). the Psychology of Place. London, Architectural Press.
Carmona, M., Heath, T., Oc, T., & Tiesdell, S. (2003) Public places, urban spaces: The dimensions of urban design. Oxford: Architectural Press.
Ching, F. D. (2010). Architecture: Form, space, and order. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.
Eynifar, A. (2000). Human Factors- an Effective Environment in Designing Residential Complexes, Journal of Fine Arts, 8, 109-118.
Gharayi, F., Radjahanbani, N. & Rashidpoor, N. (2010). Investigation and Evaluation of the Sense of Security in Different Urban Regions, Armanshahr Journal, 4, 17-32.
Grütter, J. K. (1987). Ästhetik der Architektur: Grundlagen der Architektur-Wahrnehmung. Verlag W. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
Habibi, S. M. (2003). Patterning and Reorganization of Neighborhood Framework. Journal of Fine Arts, 13, 32-39.
Hillier, B. (1996). Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Keller, S. (1968). The urban neighborhood: A sociological perspective (Vol. 33). New York: Random House.
Lang, J. (1987). Creating architectural theory: The role of the behavioral sciences in environmental design. pp. 86-110, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Lang, J. T. (2005). Urban design: A typology of procedures and products. London: Routledge.
Lawson, B. (2007). Language of space. London: Routledge.
Lynch, K. (1987). A Theory of Good City Form. 4th ed., Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press.
Nariqomi, M. (2010). Semantic Study of the Concept of Introversion in Islamic City. Journal of Fine Arts-Urban Design and Architecture, 43, 69-82.
Rapoport, A. (1972). Pour une Anthropologie de la Maison. Paris: Dunod.
Rapoport, A. (1977). Human aspects of urban form. Milwaukee: University of Wisconsin.
Rapoport, A. (1981). Identity and environment: a cross-cultural perspective. Housing and identity: Cross-cultural perspectives, 6-35.
Rapoport, A. (1986). The use and design of open spaces in urban neighborhoods. The quality of urban life: Social, psychological, and physical conditions. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Germnay.
Rapoport. A., (2002). The role of neighborhoods in the success of cities. paper presented at the WSE symposium; Defining success of the city in the 21 century, Berlin, January.
Roberts, C., & Russell, J. (2002). Angles on environmental psychology. Oxford: Nelson Thornes.Ltd.
Spreiregen, P. D. (1965). Urban design: the architecture of towns and cities. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Sultani, A. & Namdarian, A. (2010). Investigation of the Effect of Different Forces and in Formation of Urban Space, Urban Identity, 7(5), 123-130.
Tavassoli, M. (1997). Principles and Methods of Urban Design in Residential Spaces of Iran. Tehran: Publications of Urban Design and Architectural Research Center, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.
Trancik, R. (1986). Finding lost space: theories of urban design. Oxford: Wiley.
Waxman, L. K. (2004). More Than Coffee: An Exploration of People, Place, and Community with Implications for Design. Ph.D Thesis, Florida State University, 2004.
