Behavior Analysis of Wind Hydrodynamics in the Central Courtyard of Hot and Dry Climate Settlement Based on the Length to Height Ratio (Case Study: Kashan City)
محورهای موضوعی : Architecture
Mohammadali Karbasforoushha
1
(M.A., Department of Architecture, Tehran West Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)
Fereshteh Habib
2
(Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran.)
Hossein Zabihi
3
(Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran)
کلید واژه: Central Yard, Hot and dry climate, Hydrodynamic behavior, Average interior temperature,
چکیده مقاله :
One of the ways to achieve high energy efficiency in buildings and an effective system is to utilize local architectural experiences. In this connection, the central courtyard is an element that was used in the past to create comfort in the hot and dry climates of Kashan, Iran. A large part of the literature in the past has focused on this space and investigated factors such as height, length, and presence of water in the courtyard, which are directly related to the studied space. This article concerns the hydrodynamic behavior of the wind under the effects of the length-to-height ratio to reduce the temperature of settlements in Kashan's hot and dry climate, aiming to yield the highest efficiency from this element. This study uses Fluent, Energy Plus, and Open Studio software using a descriptive-analytical method to analyze the data. In the end, it is determined that since the prevalent wind in Kashan comes from a northeast front, it can be utilized by placing the longitudinal direction of the central courtyard on its path. In addition, the optimal state in all models suggests the central courtyard has experienced a length-to-height ratio of 1to4, followed by a ratio of 1to5.
Arabi, A.H. & Behbahani Nejad, M. (2013). Recognition of central courtyard space in hot and dry climates, The First National Conference on Geography, Tehran, Urban Planning and Sustainable Development.
Bently, Y. Alen, A.. Pall, M. Soomk, G. (2003). Responsible environment guideline for designer. Tehran: Science and Technology University.
Bukharai, S. (2010). The principles of ecological design of historical-cultural axes in a hot and dry climate - a case study of Kohandezh Semnan, Master's Thesis of Architecture, Shahid Beheshti School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran.
Etesam, I.. Balialn Asl, L. & Eslami, Gh. (2011). Role of intermediate space to determining the spatial scope of historical contexts, Hoviat-e-Shahr journal, 5(8),59-71.
Forghani, D. (2011). Review of the principles of landscaping in Kashan's courtyards, M.A. thesis in Landscape Architecture, Shahid Beheshti Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran.
Hajian, M., Tajer, S.A. & Mahdavi Nejad, M.J. (2020). Impacts of the courtyard in forming the configuration of traditional Iranian houses in Kashan, Armanshahr Architecture and Urban Planning, (30), 43-55.
Hanif, E. (2017) The concept of habitation and its effect on the courtyards of Iranian houses: a case study of the Kashan houses of the Qajar period, two-quarter scientific-research journal of architectural thought, 2 (4), 31-44.
Hassangholinejad Yasuri, K. & Mofidi Shemirani, M. (2019). Sustainability criteria set for the formation of structure and architectural elements of hot and dry climate, Journal of Islamic Art Studies, 15(33),187-214.
Jafarian, S. Monsafi Prapari, D. (2021). "The effect of the central courtyard pattern in adjusting the hot and dry climate conditions of the houses of Kashan (case example: the houses of Tabatabai Yaha and Borujard Yaha)." Journal of Architecture, 3 (18), 221-228 Kateb, F. (2005). Iranian house architecture, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, Tehran: Printing and Publication Organization.
Khaksefidi, S. Wathiq, B. Taban, M. (2019). Optimum design of the central courtyard in residential buildings against the 120-day Zabul wind based on CFD analysis, Journal of Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards, 7 (1), 197-212.
Kristianto, M. A., Utama, N. A. & Fathoni, A. M. (2014). Analyzing Indoor Environment of Minahasa Traditional House Using CFD, Procedia Environmental Science,20:172-179.
Mazaheri, M. Dezhdar, O. Mousavi, S. (2017). "Analysis of the role of the yard in the spatial structure of Iranian houses using the space syntax method," Hoviat-E-Shahr journal, 12(34), 97-108.
Motazedian, A. (2010). Outdoor comfort, M.A. thesis in Landscape Architecture, Shahid Beheshti Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran.
Nasrollahi, F., Nasrallah, N., Bayat, Z., & Khodakarami, J. (2014). Review of the impacts of climatic elements on the Kashan's architecture of central courtyard houses, Second National Conference on Climate and Energy Consumption optimization, Esfehan, Iran.
Prelgauskas E. (2003). Enhanced natural ventilation in hot arid lands (DES 20). Australia: The Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
Sadeghi Ravesh, M.H., Tabatabai, M. (2009), Determination of thermal comfort limits under dry climatic conditions: Case study of Yazd city, Hoviat-e-Shahr journal, 3(4), 39-46.
Soltanzadeh, H. (2011). Role of Geography in forming the Types of courtyards in Iranian Traditional Homes, Human geography research journal, 43(75), 69-85.
Soheili Fard, M., Akhtar-Kavan, H., Fallahi, S., Akhtar-Kavan, M. & Mohammad Moradi, A. (2013). Review of the interaction between the principles of Iranian architecture and solar energy from the perspective of form, symmetry, and direction (Case study: Kashan Abbasian House), Armanshahr journal, 5(11), 75-90.
Tabesh, T.Sertyesilisik,B. (2015).An Investigation on Energy Efficient Courtyard Design Criteria, International Conference on Chemical, Civil and Environmental Engineering (CCEE-2015, June 5-6, 2015, Istanbul (Turkey).
Vakilinejad, R., Mehdizadeh Seraj, F., Mofidi Shemirani S.M.(2013). Principles of passive cooling systems in vernacular architectural elements of Iran. Journal of Iranian Architecture and Urbanism, 4(5), 147‐59.
Zarei, M. Mirdehghan, F. (2015) "The role of the central courtyard pattern in adjusting the harsh conditions of the hot and dry climate of Yazd region," Iranian-Islamic city journal, 6(23), 5-18.
Repository of free climate data for building performance simulation From the Creators of the EPW.(2022, May 15).
