اثر تنش خشکی بر مراحل رشد لاین های پیشرفته گندم دوروم

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

ورهرام رشیدی ¹ ( گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی )

تاریخ دریافت : 1389/05/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/04/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1389/04/10

کلید واژه: : تنش خشکی, شاخص های تحمل به خشکی, گندم دوروم , مراحل رشد,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور مطالعه اثر تنش خشکی بر مراحل رشد گندم دوروم، تحقیقی به صورت آزمایش کرت¬های خرد شده در قالب بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1386 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی مراحل تنش در پنج سطح(a0: بدون تنش، a1: تنش در مرحله پنجه زنی، a2: تنش در مرحله ساقه روی،:a3 تنش در مرحله گلدهی و a4: تنش در مرحله دانه بندی) و فاکتور فرعی شامل 8 لاین گندم دوروم بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تنش خشکی روی کلیه صفات اثر معنی دار داشت. همچنین معنی دار بودن اثر متقابل لاین × مرحله تنش خشکی برای اکثر صفات به جز بیوماس نشان دهنده رفتار متفاوت لاین¬ها در مراحل مختلف تنش از نظر آن صفات بود. برآورد همبستگی بین صفات مورد مطالعه نشان داد که صفت عملکرد دانه با شاخص برداشت همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار داشت. از شاخص¬های مقاومت به خشکی محاسبه شده در این پژوهش STI و GMP مناسب ترین شاخص¬ها شناخته شدند و بر اساس این شاخص¬ها لاین¬های 1 و 2 پرمحصول ترین و متحمل ترین لاین¬ها نسبت به تنش خشکی بودند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To study of efficacy of drought stress on the growth stages of durum wheat, a research split plot experiment based on randomized complete design with 3 replications was conducted at Islamic Azad University Tabriz branch, Agriculture Research Station in 2007. Main factor was stress in growth stages with 5 levels: a0 (without drought stress), a1 (stress in tillering), a2(stress in steming), a3(stress in flowering), a4 (stress in grain filling period) and minor factors were 8 durum wheat lines. Result of variance analysis showed that drought stress had significant effect on all traits. Also significant interaction of genotypes × stage of drought stress for all traits except biomass showed different behavior of lines for stresses in different growth stages. The drought stress in each growth stage of durum wheat, reduced yield and most effects of them were in tillering and flowering stages. The estimation of correlation between traits showed that there was significant and positive correlation between seed yield with harvest index. In this research, from calculated of resistance indexes, the STI and GMP were determined most suitable indexes, and according to this resistance index, the line of numbers 1 and 2 were of highly yield and most tolerant toward drought stress.

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