بهره‌گیری از الگوی تغییرپذیر جهت طراحی پوسته‌ی ساختمان در راستای کنترل نور روز (نمونه‌موردی: گل میمون)
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
زهرا یارمحمودی
1
(گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران)
طاهره نصر
2
(دانشیار شهرسازی، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.)
کلید واژه: ساختار تغییرپذیر, سایبان متحرک, الگوی گیاهی, کنترل نور روز.,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه طراحی پوسته‌های تغییرپذیر جهت انطباق با محیط پیرامون ساختمان به یکی از دغدغه‌های اصلی طراحان تبدیل شده است. بنابراین هدف کلان پژوهش حاضر طراحی پوسته‌ی تغییرپذیر ساختمان با بهره‌گیری از الگوهای طبیعی است. موجودات در طبیعت زنده هستند، به همین دلیل در برابر عوامل خارجی واکنش نشان داده و راه‌حل‌های زیادی در زمینه‌ی سازگاری و انطباق‌پذیری در بردارند. الگوی گیاهی (گل میمون) به عنوان نمونه موردی در پژوهش حاضر جهت الهام از مکانیزم حرکتی انتخاب شده است. گیاهان در عملکرد، تشابه زیادی با ساختمان دارند. هم در جای خود توسط ریشه ثابت هستند و هم به تغییرات محیط پیرامون واکنش نشان می‌دهند. باتوجه به اینکه شاخه‌های کاهش مصرف انرژی در ساختمان بسیار گسترده است، بنابراین در این تحقیق، رویکرد کنترل ورود نور روز به فضای داخلی ساختمان توسط پوسته‌ی نما در اقلیم شیراز انتخاب شده است. شیراز دارای اقلیم گرم و نیمه خشک است. بنابراین، دارای تابستان‌های گرم می‌باشد و نماهای جنوبی ساختمان‌ها در این اقلیم نیازمند پوسته اقلیمی در راستای منطبق شدن با مسیر حرکتی خورشید است. روش پژوهش مدلسازی-شبیه‌سازی است. به این صورت که توسط نرم‌افزار راینو6 و افزونه‌ی گرس‌هاپر، مدل پوسته براساس الگوی رفتاری گل میمون، الگوریتم نویسی شده و در نهایت توسط افزونه لیدی‌باگ، انرژی تابشی و توسط افزونه هانی‌بی، نور روز تحلیل شده است. نتایج حاصله حاکی از آن است که پوسته‌ی طراحی شده در اقلیم شیراز، ماه مرداد از ساعت 8 تا 16 در روز 10ام می‌تواند در حالت پنل‌های بسته تا 75 درصد از ورود نور روز به فضای داخلی ساختمان و 64 درصد از انرژی تابشی جذب شده توسط سطح شفاف نمای ساختمان کم کند. همین امر باعث کاهش 16 درصدی دمای فضای داخل ساختمان می‌شود.
The building facade protects the interior space from the outside environment. In addition, most of the energy consumption in the building is aimed at increasing the comfort of the users, and the design of the facade with the correct function can provide the comfort of the users without wasting energy. Due to the necessity of the subject, today the design of kinetic facades to adapt to the surrounding environment of the building has become one of the main concerns of designers. Therefore, the main goal of the research is to design the Convertible Structure of the building facade using natural patterns. Organisms are alive, so, they react to external factors and have many solutions in the field of adaptation. Snapdragon pattern was chosen as a case example in the current research to inspire kinetic mechanism. Plants are very similar to buildings in their function. Both are fixed in place by the root and react to changes in the surrounding environment. Considering that the branches of reducing energy consumption in the building are very wide, therefore, in this research, the approach of daylight control in Shiraz has been chosen. The research method is modeling simulation. In this way, the shading device algorithm was done by the Rhino 6 software and the Grasshopper plugin based on the behavior pattern of the Snapdragon, and finally, the sunlight radiant was analyzed by the Ladybug plugin and the daylight was analyzed by the Honeybee plugin. The results indicate that the shading device designed in the climate of Shiraz, in August from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm on the 10th day, in the case of closed panels, can reduce 75% of the daylight and 64% of the sunlight radiation absorbed by the surface reduced. This causes a 16% decrease in the temperature inside the building.
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