بوم کارآفرینی: مبتنی بر پایداری دیجیتال
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت عمومیمحمد کارگر شورکی 1 , سید حامد وارث 2
1 - دانش آموخته پسا دکتری پایداری دیجیتال و معاون اجرایی مرکز پایداری کسب و کار دانشگاه تهران
2 - دانشیار دانشکدگان مدیریت، رئیس مرکز پایداری کسب و کار دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی پایدار, کارآفرینی دیجیتال, کارآفرینی اقتصادی, کارآفرینی زیست¬محیطی, کارآفرینی اجتماعی,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از مهمترین عوامل و پیشرانهای نوآوری و رشد اقتصادی در جوامع، کارآفرینی بوده؛ که توسط دولتها حمایت میشود. کارآفرینی یک فعالیت کارآمد و مؤثر است، بطوریکه از منابع موجود استفاده نموده و با خلاقیت و نوآوری، به تحقق نتایج کسب و کار خاصی تاکید دارد. چارچوب کارآفرینی تولید محصولات و ارائه خدمات جدید و نوآورانه، همسو با نیازهای مشتریان و بازار، با در نظر گرفتن ریسک و انعطافپذیری است. مفاهیم کارآفرینی طی سالهای اخیر دستخوش تغییرات قابل توجهی شده است. جهان در چند دهه گذشته با چالشهای بزرگ زیست¬محیطی و اجتماعی روبرو بوده است. علیرغم پیشرفتهای فنی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی، این چالشها روز به روز گسترش یافته و در طول زمان اثرات مخربی بر جای میگذارند. اما کارآفرینی چگونه میتواند به توسعه پایدار کمک نماید؟ به طور سنتی، کارآفرینی به عنوان مکانیزمی برای تحریک توسعه اقتصادی و ایجاد ارزش افزوده اقتصادی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته؛ اما لازم است علاوه بر مسائل اقتصادی به حوزههای اجتماعی و زیستمحیطی نیز توجه نموده و به سمت کارآفرینی پایدار حرکت نماید. از طرفی دیگر فناوریهای تحول دیجیتال همه ابعاد و حوزههای کسب و کار را متحول کرده است؛ لذا لازم است موضوع تحول دیجیتال هم در حوزه کارآفرینی پایدار مورد توجه قرار گیرد. این پژوهش به تغییر مدل کارآفرینی سنتی، با تمرکز صرف بر سودآوری اقتصادی به سمت ارائه بوم کارآفرینی با تاکید بر پایداری دیجیتال پرداخت شده است. این تحقیق مبتنی بر روش مرور سیستماتیک بوده، و در ابتدا مقالات مرتبط از چهار پایگاه معتبر Science Direct، Scopus، Web of Science و MPDI با استفاده از کلید واژه¬های «مدل کارآفرینی پایدار» و «مدل کارآفرینی دیجیتال» انتخاب شدند. پس از چند مرحله غربالگری در مجموع 49 مقاله از مجلات معتبر با رتبههای Q1 و Q2 انتخاب شده و با بررسی دقیق و ترکیب محتوای آنها بوم کارآفرینی مبتنی بر پایداری دیجیتال ارائه شده است.
One of the most important factors and drivers of innovation and economic growth in societies is entrepreneurship; which is supported by governments. Entrepreneurship is an efficient and effective activity, which uses available resources and emphasizes the realization of specific business results with creativity and innovation. The framework of entrepreneurship is the production of new and innovative products and services, in line with the needs of customers and the market, taking into account risk and flexibility. The concepts of entrepreneurship have undergone significant changes in recent years. The world has faced major environmental and social challenges in the past few decades. Despite technical, economic and social advances, these challenges have expanded day by day and have had devastating effects over time. But how can entrepreneurship contribute to sustainable development? Traditionally, entrepreneurship has been studied as a mechanism for stimulating economic development and creating economic added value; But it is necessary to pay attention to social and environmental areas in addition to economic issues and move towards sustainable entrepreneurship. On the other hand, digital transformation technologies have transformed all dimensions and areas of business; therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the issue of digital transformation in the field of sustainable entrepreneurship. This research has focused on changing the traditional entrepreneurship model, focusing solely on economic profitability, towards providing an entrepreneurship ecosystem with an emphasis on digital sustainability. This research is based on a systematic review method, and initially, relevant articles were selected from four reputable databases, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and MPDI, using the keywords “sustainable entrepreneurship model” and “digital entrepreneurship model”. After several stages of screening, a total of 49 articles were selected from reputable journals with Q1 and Q2 rankings, and by carefully examining and combining their content, an entrepreneurship ecosystem based on digital sustainability was presented.
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