اثربخشی آموزش مداخله دلبستگی محور به مادران پسران دبستانی با استرس بالای والدینی
محورهای موضوعی : سلامت نوجوانان
بهاره شیروانی
1
,
نادر منیر پور
2
,
مجید ضرغام حاجبی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قم، قم، ایران
2 - نویسنده مسئول*: دانشیار روانشناسی سلامت، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قم، قم، ایران monirpoor1357@gmail.com
3 - دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قم، قم، ایران
کلید واژه: استرس بالای والدینی, پسران دبستانی, مداخله دلبستگی محور,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده مقدمه: استرس والدینی یک مفهوم متقابل فرهنگی است و تحت شرایط خاص خانواده و زندگی قرار می گیرد. همچنین، استرس والدینی با گرمی، محبت و صمیمیت در روابط والد وکودک در تعامل است. مداخله دلبستگی محور، یک رویکرد رابطه محور است که سبب تقویت روابط کودک و والد می شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر بخشی آموزش مداخله دلبستگی محور بر کاهش استرس والدینی، مادران پسران دبستانی بود. روش پژوهش: جامعه آماری این پژوهشِ نیمه¬تجربی، دانش¬آموزان پسر مقطع ابتدایی(دوره اول )، منطقۀ 4 آموزش و پرورش شهر تهران بودند که در سال تحصیلی 98-1397 مشغول به تحصیل بودند. به این منظور مادران 300 دانش آموز، به پرسشنامه استرس والدینی پاسخ دادند. سپس از بین مادرانی که با توجه به پرسشنامه، استرس والدینی بالا داشتند (معیار برای ورود به پژوهش مادرانی بودند که در پاسخ به پرسشنامه استرس والدینی یک انحراف معیار بالاتر از میانگین بودند)، 30 نفراز مادران به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه مداخله و کنترل (15 نفر در هر گروه)جایگزین شدند. ده جلسه مداخله دلبستگی محور(شامل چهار جلسه گروهی 120 دقیقه ای و شش جلسه فردی 60 دقیقه ای) در گروه مداخله اعمال شد و گروه کنترل مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. داده ها با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری و طرح سری های زمانی تحلیل شد. یافته ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که استرس والدینی در مادران گروه مداخله در هر سه حیطه آشفتگی والدین، تعامل ناکارآمد والد- کودک و کودک دشوار کاهش معنا داری داشته است. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به مولفه های مداخله دلبستگی محور، می توان این طور نتیجه گیری کرد که افزایش حساسیت مادرانه و بهبود الگوی رابطه مادر وکودک، افزایش احساس صلاحیت مادر در حل مشکلات و نقش والدینی خویش موجب کاهش استرس والدینی در مادران شده باشد
© 2020 The Author(s). This work is published by family and health as an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction: Parental stress is a cultural interplay and is subject to specific family and living conditions. Also, parental stress interacts with warmth, affection, and intimacy in parent-child relationships. Attachment-based intervention is a relationship-based approach that strengthens the child-parent relationship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of attachment-based intervention training on reducing parental stress in mothers of primary school boys. Research Methods: The statistical population of this quasi-experimental study was male students of elementary school (first grade), district 4 of education in Tehran, who were studying in the academic year of 2019. For this purpose, the mothers of 300 students responded to the Parental Stress Questionnaire. Then, among the mothers who had high parental stress according to the questionnaire (the criteria for entering the study were mothers who had a standard deviation above the mean of the parental stress questionnaire), 30 mothers were selected by available sampling method and They were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control (15 patients in each group). Ten sessions of attachment-based intervention (including four 120-minute group sessions and six 60-minute individual sessions) were administered to the intervention group and the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis and time series design. Results: The results showed that parental stress in mothers of intervention group in all three domains of parental disturbance, dysfunctional parent-child interaction and difficult child had significant decrease. Conclusion: According to the components of attachment-based intervention, it can be concluded that increasing maternal sensitivity and improving the pattern of mother-child relationship, increasing the sense of maternal competence in solving problems and their parental role, reduce parental stress in mothers.
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