اثر¬بخشي برنامه فرزندپروری مبتنی بر تجارب زیسته مادران دارای کودک با آسیب شنوایی بر تنظیم هیجان
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیفاطمه مرتضوی کیاسری 1 , رضا دنیوی 2 , بهرنگ اسماعیلی شاد 3
1 - دانشجوی دكتري روان شناسي و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، گروه روانشناسی عمومی و استثنایی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ايران
2 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد نکا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نکا، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) donyavi@iauneka.ac.ir
3 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران
کلید واژه: تجارب زیسته, تنظیم هیجان, کودکان با آسیب شنوایی ,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده مقدمه: با در نظر گرفتن مشکلات فراوان مادران کودکان با آسیب شنوایی و آسیب پذیری و اختلالات هیجانی آنان، لزوم پژوهش در زمینه عوامل تاثیرگذار در تنظیم هیجان این دسته از مادران به منظور تدوین راهکارهای مداخله ای مؤثر، ضروری به نظر می رسد. ویژگی متمایز این تحقیق در این است که بر اساس دغدغه های اصلی مخاطبان برنامه یعنی مادران کودک کم شنوا انجام شده است که می تواند به فهم و تبیین تجارب مادران کودک ناشنوا بپردازند. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر آمیخته ( کیفی و کمی) بوده است. روش کیفی به شیوه پدیدارشناسی بود که تجربیات زیسته مادران واکاوی شد. در بخش کمی، از نظر هدف، کاربردی از لحاظ نحوه جمعآوری اطلاعات، آزمایشی از نوع شبه آزمایشی)، با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش در بخش کیفی شامل کلیه مادران دارای فرزند با آسیب شنوایی در شهرستانهای ساری و میاندورود بود. در بخش کیفی از شیوه نمونه گیری هدفمند تا حد اشباع داده ها استفاده شد. شیوه نمونه گیری در بخش کمی بدین ترتیب بود که تعداد 30 نفر از مادران دارای فرزند ناشنوا در دسترس که فرزندانشان در مدارس آموزش و پرورش استثنایی تحصیل می کردند، انتخاب و سپس در دو گروه آزمایش(تعداد 15 نفر) و گروه گواه (15 نفر) بطور تصادفی تقسیم شدند. ابزار پژوهش در بخش کمی عبارت بود از پرسشنامه تنظیم هیجان گراتز و رومر (2004). روایی صوری و محتوایی پرسشنامه مزبور پس از تایید ده نفر از اساتید حوزه روانشناسی و سنجش تایید گردید و پایایی آن با استفاده از روش آلفای کرونباخ 93/0 محاسبه گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار26 SPSS استفاده شد. یافته ها: در بخش کیفی، پس از مصاحبه غیرساختاریافته از مادران دارای کودک با آسیب شنوایی درباره تجربیات آنها در مورد فرزندپروی کودکشان پروتکل مربوطه شکل گرفت و توسعه یافت. بر اساس نتایج آماری بین دو گروه آزمایش و گروه کنترل در متغیر تنظیم هیجان (000/0=sig، 541/849=F) تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد. نتیجه گیری: روش مداخلات آموزش برنامه فرزندپروری مبتنی‌بر تجارب زیسته مادران دارای کودک با آسیب شنوایی بر تنظیم هیجان تأثیر دارد.
© 2020 The Author(s). This work is published by family and health as an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the many problems faced by mothers of children with hearing impairment and their vulnerability and emotional disorders, the need for research on the factors influencing the emotional regulation of this group of mothers in order to formulate effective intervention solutions seems necessary. The distinctive feature of this research is that it was conducted based on the main concerns of the audience of the program, i.e. mothers of deaf children, which can be understood and explain the experiences of mothers of deaf children. Research method: The current research method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The qualitative method was a phenomenological method that analyzed the lived experiences of mothers. The current research was quantitative in terms of purpose, practical in terms of the way of collecting information, a quasi-experimental experiment, with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part included all mothers with children with hearing loss in the cities of Sari and Miandorud. In the qualitative part, the purposeful sampling method was used until data saturation. The sampling method in the quantitative part was such that the number of 30 mothers with deaf children available, whose children studied in special education schools, were selected and then divided into two experimental groups (number of 15 people) and control group (15 people) were randomly divided. The research tool in the quantitative part was the emotion regulation questionnaire of Gratz and Romer (2004). The face and content validity of the said questionnaire was confirmed after the approval of ten professors in the field of psychology and measurement, and its reliability was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha method of 0.93. For data analysis SPSS 26 software was used. Findings: In the qualitative part, after an unstructured interview of mothers with children with hearing loss about their experiences in parenting their children, the corresponding protocol was formed and developed. According to the statistical results, there is a significant difference between the two experimental groups and the control group in the emotion regulation variable (sig=0.000, F=849/541). Conclusion: The method of parenting program training interventions based on the lived experiences of mothers with children with hearing impairment has an effect on emotion regulation.
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